2015年职称英语理工类考试教材阅读判断重点文章及译文(4)

　　Motoring Techonlogy

　　1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year,plus a further 50 million injuries.To reduce car crash rate,much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.

　　Travelling at speed has always been dangerous.One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants.They can ensure you dont miss important road signs or fall asleep.Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.

　　Some safety developments aim to improve your vision.Radar can spot obstacles in fog,while other technologysees throughbig vehicles blocking your view.

　　And improvements to seat belts,pedalcontrols and tyres are making driving smoother and safer.The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety,as have,less surprisingly,size and shape.

　　But whatever is in the fuel tank,you dont want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations.Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash,automatically calling for help.

　　Accidents cause many traffic jams,but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road.Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools.Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyonss personal chauffeur,but their latest efforts suggest that wont be soon.

　　1.To reduce car crash rate,many scientists are working hard to

　　A.design fully automatic cars.

　　B.develop faster electric vehicles.

　　C.analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year.

　　D.improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels.

　　2.According to the second paragraph,most road accidents happen due to

　　A.heavy traffic.

　　B.human mistakes.

　　C.engine failure.

　　D.bad weather.

　　3.Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　A.Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.

　　B.Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog.

　　C.Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles.

　　D.Improvements in seat belts,pedal controls and tyres.

　　4.Satellite tracking and remote communication systems cna be used to

　　A.reduce oil consumption.

　　B.remove the obstacles on the road.

　　C.call for help when ones car crashes.

　　D.help drivers get out of a traffic jam.

　　5.Which of the following statements is true of robotic drivers?

　　A.It will take some time before robotic drivers are available.

　　B.Robotic drivers are not allowed to driveon busy roads.

　　C.Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers.

　　D.Robotic drivers are too expensive to use.

　　答案与题解：

　　1.C 文章第一段的意思是：在世界范围内，每年发生120万起交通死亡事故，加上5000万起伤残事故，因此正在进行的许多研究的重点是安全问题和新燃料问题，尽管一些电动车和生物燃料的研究旨在达到更快的速度。所以，C是正确选项。

　　2.B 第二段最后一句说，大多数汽车撞车事故是人为原因造成的，而不是机械故障的原因。所以C是错误选项;A和D的fall asleep和speeding是人为原因，但只是部分人为因素，不能概全。

　　3.D 文章中没有提到windscreens，所以D是正确选项。其他几项均在文章提到。

　　4.C 根据第六段内容，使用卫星跟踪和遥控通信方面的革新，其目的是防盗和发生事故时求援。C的内容在文中没有被提到，所以是正确选项。

　　5.A 文章最后一段说，为机器人司机编制程序后，它们就能使交通变得通畅，也许今后某一天，大家都拥有机器人司机，但是，这一天的到来还有待时日。B C D的内容文中均没有提到;A句说，要实际使用机器人司机还需时日，这显然与末段最后一句表达的意思相吻合。

　　译文：汽车技术

　　每年，全世界有120万起路面交通死亡事故，以及五千万起路面交通伤残事故。为降低车祸发生率，现在有很多研究将注意力放在行车安全和开发新型燃料上。而有些关于电动机车和生物燃料的研究旨在达到更快的速度。

　　高速驾驶一向是很危险的。一项在机动车安全前沿领域的研究是有关车内数字化辅助设施的。这些设施会确保司机们不会错过重要的路况指示牌或在开车时睡着。通过运用人工智能软件，这些辅助设施可监控行车过程并确保在关键时刻司机不会被手机或广播干扰注意力。许多车祸是由人为原因造成的而非机械故障。

　　一些行车安全方面的改进力图改善司机的视野。雷达可对雾中的障碍物定位，而其他的科技手段可透过阻碍你视线的高大车辆看到前方。

　　对安全带、刹车板控制和车胎的改进也使行车过程变得更/顷畅、安全。人们发现车的颜色与安全有关，令人不会感到惊讶的是，车的大小和形状也与安全有关。

　　从矿物燃料中提取的汽油的替代物，例如植物油，也是研究中的一个热门区域。取材于氢气的燃料电池燃烧时无污染，并已成为一项重要研究的攻克对象。

　　但不管燃料箱中盛为何物，你可不想在驾驶座上坐的是一个窃贼。对此，也有很多创新来打击汽车盗窃，其中一些运用了卫星跟踪和远程通讯。当发生车祸时，这些通讯系统也可起作用，自动地呼叫帮助。

　　交通事故可引发许多交通堵塞。但在一畅通却繁忙的路段上，汽车间也有很多的细微互动，从而导致可能的阻塞。此类阻塞可用数据统计工具来进行分析。被编程的机器人可使交通流动更顺畅，并有朝一日有望成为每个人的私家司机。但最新成果表明这种设想并 非短期内可以实现。