Al neither意为既不是甲,也不是乙,两者都不,后面跟单数动词的肯定式。它可以单独使用,后面也可跟名词或of
+the/these/those/所有格代词或人称代词:
(a)I tried both keys but neither(of them)worked.
两把钥匙我都试了,但(两把)都不行。
(b)Neither of them knew the way/Neither boy knew
他们俩/两个男孩都不认得路。
(c) Ive read neither of these(books).
这两本(书)我都没看过。
2 either意为两者之一,两者中任何一个。它后面跟动词单数形式。同neither一样,它可以单独使用,或跟名词/代词及of+the/these/those等连用。
3 either+否定动词可代替neither+肯定动词,但neither是主语时除外。所以either不能用于上面Al例句(a)或(b)中,只能用于例句(c)中:
I havent read either of these(books).
这两本(书)我都没看过。
虽然either不能作否定句的主语,但它可作肯定句或疑问句的主语或宾语:
Either(of these)would do.
这两个中任一个都可以。
Would you like either of these?
你喜欢二者中的任一个吗?
4 代词和所有格形容词与代表人的neither/either连用时,从语法上说应当用he/him,she/her及his/her,但是在英语的口语中用复数形式较为普遍:
Neither of them knows the way,do they?
他们俩都不知道路,是吗?
Neither of them had brought their passports.
他们俩都没带护照。
B neithernor,either or
neither nor+肯定动词是把两个否定说法结合在一起的强
调方式:
(a)Neither threats nor arguments had any affect on him.
无论是恐吓还是讲道理对他都不起作用。
(b)They said the room was large and bright but it was neither large norbright.
他们说这间房子又大又明亮,可它既不大也不明亮。
(c)He neither wrote nor phoned.
他既没写信又没打电话。
eitheror+否定动词可代替neithernor+肯定动词结构,
但neithernor作动词主语时除外,如上述例句(a)。所以可以说:
(b)but it wasnt either large or bright.
(c)He didnt either write or phone.
eitheror不能作否定句的主语,但可作肯定句和疑问句的主语或宾语。这种用法是表示强调二者之中任何一个皆可以:
You can have either soup or fruit juice.
汤和果汁你任意喝哪一种都行。
You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow.
你要么马上走,要么等到明天。
Its urgent,so could you either phone or telex?
这事非常紧急,所以你或是打电话或是用电传,好吗?
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