一、注意过去进行的基本用法
过去进行时主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。如:
He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
We were expecting you yesterday. 我们昨天一直在等你。
He was playing while I was studying. 我在做功课时他在玩。
二、注意过去进行时表示现在的用法
用过去进行时表示现在,主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。如:
I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。
We were hoping you would stay with us. 我们很希望你能跟我们住在一起。
How much did you want to spend, sir? 先生,您打算花多少钱?
注:一般过去时也有类似用法,但比较而言,用过去进行时显得更客气,更不肯定。
三、注意过去进行时表示感情的色彩
与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情的色彩,也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用。如:
They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
The boy was continually asking questions. 这个男孩子老是问东问西的。
四、注意动词be的过去进行时
动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。比较:
He was friendly. 他很友好。(指过去长期如此)
He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现)
五、注意过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
两者的基本差别是过去进行时通常表示一个过去正在进行且尚未完成的动作,而一般过去时则通常表示一个过去已经完成的动作。如:
I was reading a book last night. 我昨晚在看书。(不一定看完)
I read a book last night. 我昨晚看了一本书。(已经看完)
They were building a bridge there. 他们在那里修一座桥。(不一定建成)
They built a bridge there. 他们在那儿修了一座桥。(已建成)
注:有些动词(如rain, snow, cough, wear, feel, work等)本身并不表示动作完成,这时用两种时态都可以,且含义区别不大:
It rained [was raining] all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。
She didnt feel [wasnt feeling] well that day. 那天她感到不太舒服。
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