倒装(Inversion)是一种语法手段,用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要。英语的最基本结构是主、谓结构,倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构加以颠倒。
倒装分为两种:
1. 将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(Complete Inversion),此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。
2. 只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
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