以a-开头的形容词用法新探·afloat

 
以a-开头的形容词用法新探·afloat
 
江苏丰县   李 翔
一、afloat的用法
1. 在水中漂浮或在空中飘浮(floating in water or air) 相当于floating。http://yingyu.chazidian.com
(1) 作表语。例如：
We'll have to bail the water out if the boat is to stay afloat.要使船浮着，我们得把船里的水舀出去。
(2) 作后置定语。例如：
The biggest ships afloat now are oil tanks. 眼下在水面航行的最大船舶是油轮。
(3) 作宾语补足语。例如：
He couldn't swim but a large piece of wood kept him afloat. 不会游泳，但一块大木板使他漂浮起来。
2. 在海上，在船上 (at sea; on board ship)
(1) 作表语。例如：
All the ships are still afloat. 所有的船都在海上航行。
(2) 作后置定语。例如：
Which life do you prefer, life on land or life afloat? 你喜欢那种生活方式，陆地上的还是海上的？
(3) 作宾语补足语。例如：
The boat stuck on a sandbank but we soon got it afloat again. 小船在沙丘搁浅, 没过多久我们就又使它航行自如了
3. 无债；无困难 (out of debt or difficulties) 
(1) 作表语。例如：
The firm managed to stay afloat during the recession. 在经济衰退期间, 公司设法渡过了难关。
(2) 作宾语补足语。例句：
He kept the business afloat. 他努力使商行维持下去。
4. (指谣言)传播；流传(of rumours) being generally talked about；circulating
(1) 作表语。例如：
It's afloat that she is going to marry. 传说她要结婚。
(2) 作后置定语。例如：
Credit, owing to the reports afloat, was no longer to be had. 借款吧，由于社会上所传的那些消息，已借不到了。
(3) 作宾语补足语。例如：
There's a story afloat that he'll resign. 有个传闻说他要辞职。
二、afloat的搭配
1. be afloat  例如：
Stories were afloat of a mysterious figure being occasionally seen in some old overgrown track way or other, remote from turnpike roads... 大家纷纷传说离开康庄大道很远的地方某处簇叶丛生的林中小径上，偶尔有人见到一个神秘的人影……
2. keep /remain / stay afloat  例如：
The Boat took a lot of water But remained afloat. 那艘船进了大量的水，却依然漂浮着。
The ship was listing badly but still kept afloat. 船倾侧得很厉害, 但却仍然漂浮不沉.
The Orpheum Wiener House stayed afloat all through the Great Depression.  从大萧条开始到结束，俄尔甫香肠之家一直没有垮。
3. set sth afloat  例如：
They set rumours afloat about her. 他们散布有关她的谣言。
The new ship was set afloat. 这条新船下水了。
4. leave sth afloat 例如：
Then power prices crashed; a state bail-out left the company just afloat, but its shares were almost worthless. 不幸的是随后发生股市崩盘；国家对“英国能源”伸出的援助之手虽使其不致欠债，但彼时它所拥有的股份几乎不值一钱。
5. get sth afloat 例如：
...and thus loading myself with every thing necessary, I went down to my boat, got the water out of her, and got her afloat, loaded all my cargo in her, and then went home again for more. ……我把一切必需品都背在身上，就走到我藏小船的地方。我先把船里的水淘干，让船浮起来；然后把所有的东西都放进船里。接着，我又跑回家去取些其他东西。