8种信函的写作要点大盘点

1.信的基本类型
英文书信主要分为两大类：私人信函和公务信函。私人信函是指与朋友、家人之间的往来书信，其内容比较自由，只需要包括以下几个部分即可：日期、称呼、正文、落款。公务信函类型多样，应用范围非常广泛，属正式文体，包括求职信、辞职信、拒聘信、询问信、复询信、留学和奖学金申请信、投诉信、答复赔偿信等。此类信件的共同特点是：1.内容明确，不可漫无目标;2.措辞诚恳，坦然，不能感情夸张;3.语言清晰、简洁、有礼。从形式上看应该侧重考查公务信函，因为只有此类信函才需用到书面语的正式语体。
2.各类信函的内容要点
以下主要针对公务信函，介绍几种常见信函的基本特点。对于其他不同功能的信件，考生可以根据本书的介绍做到举一反三。在备考阶段，考生应熟悉各类信函的书写模式及常用话语并加强练习。
(1)求职信(Letters of Applying for a Job)
通常包含三个部分：a)引言部分写明写信原因、具体谋求的职位、获得申请信息的来源(如：报纸广告、熟人介绍)等。b)发展部分叙述自己能够胜任该职位所具备的条件，包括教育背景、工作经历、社会实践等。这部分内容要具体，不要空洞游说或者列举，用事实说服会更有力。C)结尾部分再次表达对职位的渴望，争取面试机会。如请求及时回信、希望当面洽谈、提供进一步接触的联系方式或指出附件中有相关的证明文件等。
求职信的语言应严谨、规范、得体。其常用套语有：
引言：I am writing to apply for the post of... advertised in...
In answer to your advertisement in... for the post of... , I would like to apply for...
I have learned from... (sb) of your opening/vacancy for... (job), and am therefore writing to apply for the post.
发展：I am now a senior student in (Department) of (University), and I expect to graduate in (date) with a degree in (discipline).
I receive my (degree) in (subject) from (name of university) in (date).
Since graduation, I have been working with (name of company/organization) as (job title)
I was awarded the prize of (title) in (month/year) for (eg. good performance in etc.)
I am confident that my academic training has prepared me to handle the job.
结尾：Enclosed are testimonials from my university teacher and my present employer.
If these meet your requirements, please grant me an interview.
（实习编辑:于晓伟）