那些藏在指纹里的秘密

Before the discovery of DNA profiling in the 1980s, fingerprints were the easiest way to solve serious crimes.

在上世纪80年代DNA分析技术问世之前，指纹是破解重大刑事案件最容易的方法。

It’s believed that of the 7 billion or so people on Earth, each one of us has our own unique fingerprints.

人们相信，在地球约70亿的人口中，每个人的指纹都独一无二。

But did you know that our fingerprints could actually reveal a lot more about us than just our identity?

但你知道吗？除了我们的身份，指纹其实还可以透露更多信息。

According to Melanie Bailey of The Conversation, fingerprints can indicate lifestyle and environment, eating habits, possible medical problems and even the job of a person.

《对话》网站的梅兰妮·贝利认为，指纹可以体现一个人的生活方式、所处环境、饮食习惯、潜在的健康问题甚至职业。

So how can we figure all this out from just a simple fingerprint?

所以我们如何从一枚小小的指纹中获知这一切呢？

Well, a fingerprint is formed when a finger makes contact with a surface. Most fingerprints are invisible to the naked eye and require a chemical development process in order to make them visible. Stuck between the ridges of a fingerprint, however, are substances that can tell a story about who we are. Things like traces of sweat, blood, and food reveal a lot of information about us – what we’ve touched, what we’ve eaten and even what drugs we’ve taken.

当手指和物体表面接触时，指纹就形成了。大多数的指纹都并非肉眼可见，需要经过化学显影处理来让它们“现形”。而在指纹隆起的纹路之间就隐藏着包含我们信息的物质。汗渍、血液以及食物的痕迹透露了许多关于我们的信息 —— 像是接触了什么、吃了些什么、甚至是吃了什么药。

At the moment, the technique used to detect these substances is mostly used in crime detection, but its application could be much wider, according to Bailey, who lectures in chemistry at the University of Surrey in the UK. For example, she and her fellow researchers were able to tell what medicines people were taking from their fingerprints, which may be of great help in the future to doctors treating their patients.

担任英国萨里大学化学讲师的贝利表示，现今，检测这些物质的技术大多用于刑侦，但其应用可以更为广泛。例如，她和科研同事们能够通过指纹判断人们服用的药物，这点或许将来在医生治疗病患时能派上大用场。

A fingerprint check may also be able to tell a doctor whether a patient is properly absorbing a drug they’ve been prescribed. In the treatment of some of the most serious illnesses, it’s vital that the body is taking in these medicines. As Scientific American noted, this is particularly important for patients undergoing treatment for cardiac conditions and psychosis, as these people might struggle to absorb the drugs or forget or choose not to take them.

指纹检验或许还能告诉医生病患是否能充分吸收所开的处方药。在治疗某些最为严重的疾病时，人体对这些药物的吸收至关重要。正如《科学美国人》杂志所指出的那样，这点对心脏病病人和精神病人而言尤为重要，因为这些病人或许难以吸收药物，或者忘记甚至选择不服药。

And while it’s commonly believed that our fingerprints never change, in fact, they do – and the way they change can provide a lot of very useful information. In the future, fingerprint science won’t be restricted to the crime lab but could help doctors keep us in the best possible health.

而尽管人们普遍认为指纹永远不会变，但实际上，指纹的确会改变 —— 而它们改变的方式也能提供大量有用的信息。在将来，指纹科学并不会局限于犯罪实验室，还能助医生一臂之力，让我们尽可能地保持健康。