俄颁布新规 变性者禁止驾车

Russia has listed transsexual and transgender people among those who will no longer qualify for driving licences.

在俄罗斯，变性者和跨性别者再无资格获取驾驶执照。

Fetishism, exhibitionism and voyeurism are also included as "mental disorders" now barring people from driving.

恋物癖、裸露癖和窥阴癖者也被列为精神障碍者，不允许驾车。

The government says it is tightening medical controls for drivers because Russia has too many road accidents.

政府表示，由于俄罗斯交通事故过多，这样做是为了加强驾驶者的医疗控制。

"Pathological" gambling and compulsive stealing are also on the list. Russian psychiatrists and human rights lawyers have condemned the move.

病态赌博和强迫性偷窃也在禁止驾驶的列表之内。俄罗斯精神病学家和人权律师一致谴责这一行为。

The announcement follows international complaints about Russian harassment of gay-rights activists.

此前，俄罗斯对同性恋权利活跃分子的态度引发国际社会争议。

In 2013 Russia made "promoting non-traditional lifestyles" illegal.

2013年，俄罗斯将“提倡非传统生活方式”列为违法行为。

Valery Evtushenko at the Russian Psychiatric Association voiced concern about the driving restrictions, speaking to the BBC Russian Service. He said some people would avoid seeking psychiatric help, fearing a driving ban.

俄罗斯精神病协会（Russian Psychiatric Association ）成员瓦莱丽（Valery Evtushenko ）告诉英国广播公司，他对这一驾驶限制很担忧。很多人为了能继续驾车，会拒绝治疗精神疾病。

The Association of Russian Lawyers for Human Rights called the new law "discriminatory". It said it would demand clarifications from the Russian Constitutional Court and seek support from international human rights organisations.

俄罗斯人权律师协会（The Association of Russian Lawyers for Human Rights ）认为此项规定带有歧视性，希望俄罗斯宪法法院（the Russian Constitutional Court ）对此澄清并寻求国际人权组织支持。

But the Professional Drivers Union supported the move. "We have too many deaths on the road, and I believe toughening medical requirements for applicants is fully justified," said the union's head Alexander Kotov.

而职业驾驶员联盟（Professional Drivers Union ）则支持这一规定，联盟领导者亚历山大•科托夫（Alexander Kotov）表示，“太多人在交通事故中丧命，我相信提高医学要求非常正当”。

However, he said the requirements should not be so strict for non-professional drivers.

但他认为对于非职业驾驶员要求不必过于严格。

Mikhail Strakhov, a Russian psychiatric expert, told BBC Russian that the definition of "personality disorders" was too vague and some disorders would not affect a person's ability to drive a car safely.

俄精神病专家米哈伊尔•俄特拉霍夫告诉英国广播公司，精神障碍者的定义很含糊，一些障碍并不会影响安全驾车的能力。