二十国集团领导人布里斯班峰会公报

当地时间11月16日，二十国集团领导人第九次峰会15日至16日在澳大利亚布里斯班举行。峰会发表公报，全文如下：

二十国集团领导人布里斯班峰会公报

（2017年11月15日－16日）

G20 Leaders’ Communiqué

Brisbane Summit, 15-16 November 2017

1、促进全球增长以提高各国人民生活水平、创造高质量就业，是我们最重要的任务。我们对一些主要经济体的更强劲增长势头表示欢迎。但全球经济复苏依然缓慢和不均衡，未能带来我们需要的就业。解决供给限制是释放经济增长潜力的关键，但世界经济也面临需求不足的制约。包括金融市场和地缘政治紧张等风险依然存在。因此，我们承诺本着伙伴关系开展工作，以促进增长、提高经济抗风险能力、加强全球机构。

1. Raising global growth to deliver better living standards and quality jobs for people across the world is our highest priority. We welcome stronger growth in some key economies. But the global recovery is slow, uneven and not delivering the jobs needed. The global economy is being held back by a shortfall in demand, while addressing supply constraints is key to lifting potential growth. Risks persist, including in financial markets and from geopolitical tensions. We commit to work in partnership to lift growth, boost economic resilience and strengthen global institutions.

2、我们决心应对这些挑战，加快努力实现强劲、可持续、平衡增长并创造就业。我们认识到良好运行的市场是繁荣的基础，正在实施结构改革，以促进增长并激发私营部门活力。我们将保证宏观经济政策有利于支持增长、增加需求、促进全球再平衡。我们将在考虑近期经济状况的前提下，继续灵活落实财政战略，同时将债务占国内生产总值比例维持在可持续的水平。我们的货币政策当局已承诺在自身职责范围内，支持经济复苏，并在有需要的地区抗击通缩压力。我们将关注自身政策的全球影响，合作管控外溢效应。我们已准备好使用各种政策杠杆巩固市场信心和经济复苏。

2. We are determined to overcome these challenges and step up our efforts to achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth, and to create jobs. We are implementing structural reforms to lift growth and private sector activity, recognising that well-functioning markets underpin prosperity. We will ensure our macroeconomic policies are appropriate to support growth, strengthen demand and promote global rebalancing. We will continue to implement fiscal strategies flexibly, taking into account near-term economic conditions, while putting debt as a share of GDP on a sustainable path. Our monetary authorities have committed to support the recovery and address deflationary pressures when needed, consistent with their mandates. We will be mindful of the global impacts of our policies and cooperate to manage spillovers. We stand ready to use all policy levers to underpin confidence and the recovery.

3、今年，我们制定了一个富有雄心的目标，即到2018年前使G20 整体GDP额外增长2%以上。国际货币基金组织和经合组织研究表明，如果我们的政策承诺全部落实，G20 GDP将额外增长2.1%。这将为全球经济创造超过2万亿美元财富，并增加数百万就业岗位。我们在增加投资、促进贸易和竞争、扩大就业方面的举措，以及我们的宏观经济政策，将支持发展与包容性增长，有助于解决不平等和减少贫困。

3. This year we set an ambitious goal to lift the G20’s GDP by at least an additional two per cent by 2018. Analysis by the IMF-OECD indicates that our commitments, if fully implemented, will deliver 2.1 per cent. This will add more than US$2 trillion to the global economy and create millions of jobs. Our measures to lift investment, increase trade and competition, and boost employment, along with our macroeconomic policies, will support development and inclusive growth, and help to reduce inequality and poverty.

4、我们促进增长、创造高质量就业的行动已经纳入了全面增长战略和《布里斯班行动计划》。为落实上述承诺并就实现增长目标取得实际进展，我们将相互监督问责，并借助国际组织的分析。我们将确保增长战略得以落实到位，并在下次峰会上审议工作进展。

4. Our actions to boost growth and create quality jobs are set out in the Brisbane Action Plan and in our comprehensive growth strategies. We will monitor and hold each other to account for implementing our commitments, and actual progress towards our growth ambition, informed by analysis from international organisations. We will ensure our growth strategies continue to deliver and will review progress at our next meeting.

携手行动，促进增长和就业

Acting together to lift growth and create jobs

5、解决全球投资和基础设施投资不足问题，对促进增长、创造就业和提高生产力至关重要。我们赞成“全球基础设施倡议”，该倡议是一个旨在提高公共和私人部门基础设施投资的多年期工作计划。我们的增长战略涵盖了主要的投资倡议，包括支持公共投资和改善国内投融资环境的行动，这些行动对吸引私人部门投资至关重要。我们同意在投资领域采取一系列自愿和率先垂范的示范做法，以推动并优化高质量投资，特别是基础设施投资。为帮助在投资者与项目间牵线搭桥，我们将解决数据缺失问题并改善项目信息渠道。我们将致力于加强机构投资者长期投资，鼓励包括透明的证券化在内的市场融资，尤其是为中小企业服务。我们将继续同多边开发银行合作，并鼓励各国开发银行，通过优化资产负债表的方式提供额外贷款，并确保G20在基础设施领域的工作惠及低收入国家。

5. Tackling global investment and infrastructure shortfalls is crucial to lifting growth, job creation and productivity. We endorse the Global Infrastructure Initiative, a multi-year work programme to lift quality public and private infrastructure investment. Our growth strategies contain major investment initiatives, including actions to strengthen public investment and improve our domestic investment and financing climate, which is essential to attract new private sector finance for investment. We have agreed on a set of voluntary leading practices to promote and prioritise quality investment, particularly in infrastructure. To help match investors with projects, we will address data gaps and improve information on project pipelines. We are working to facilitate long-term financing from institutional investors and to encourage market sources of finance, including transparent securitisation, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises. We will continue to work with multilateral development banks, and encourage national development banks, to optimise use of their balance sheets to provide additional lending and ensure our work on infrastructure benefits low-income countries.

6、为支持落实上述倡议，我们同意成立为期四年的全球基础设施中心。该中心将致力于为政府、私人部门、开发银行和其他国际组织提供分享知识的平台和网络，并将促进上述各方的合作，以改善基础设施市场的运行和融资。

6. To support implementation of the Initiative, we agree to establish a Global Infrastructure Hub with a four-year mandate. The Hub will contribute to developing a knowledge-sharing platform and network between governments, the private sector, development banks and other international organisations. The Hub will foster collaboration among these groups to improve the functioning and financing of infrastructure markets.

7、为在发展中国家提升基础设施水平和吸引更多私营部门投资，我们欢迎世界银行发起成立全球基础设施基金。该基金将同我们的工作相互补充。我们支持其他开发银行的类似行动及彼此合作。

7. To strengthen infrastructure and attract more private sector investment in developing countries, we welcome the launch of the World Bank Group’s Global Infrastructure Facility, which will complement our work. We support similar initiatives by other development banks and continued cooperation amongst them.

8、贸易和竞争是促进增长、提高生活水平和创造就业的强大动力。当今世界，我们不仅交易最终产品，还通过进出口零部件和服务共同制造产品。我们的政策需要充分利用全球价值链、鼓励发展中国家更多参与其中并创造增加值。我们的增长战略包括通过降低成本、简化海关程序、减少监管负担、加强有利于贸易的服务等改革措施，以促进贸易便利化。我们正在促进竞争、创业和创新，包括降低新建企业和投资的准入门槛。我们重申反对贸易保护主义，以及暂不出台新的贸易保护主义措施并取消有关措施的一贯承诺。

8. Trade and competition are powerful drivers of growth, increased living standards and job creation. In today’s world we don’t just trade final products. We work together to make things by importing and exporting components and services. We need policies that take full advantage of global value chains and Brisbane G20 Leaders’ Summit, 15-16 November 2017 | 2 encourage greater participation and value addition by developing countries. Our growth strategies include reforms to facilitate trade by lowering costs, streamlining customs procedures, reducing regulatory burdens and strengthening trade-enabling services. We are promoting competition, entrepreneurship and innovation, including by lowering barriers to new business entrants and investment. We reaffirm our longstanding standstill and rollback commitments to resist protectionism.

9、我们扩大投资、贸易和竞争的措施将带来高质量就业。但我们必须为解决失业、提高劳动参与率和创造高质量就业付出更多努力。我们同意了一个在充分考虑各国国情的基础上、缩小男女就业参与率差额的目标，即到2025年将该差额在目前基础上减少25%，以带动超过1亿女性就业，显著拉动全球增长并减少贫困和不平等。

9. Our actions to increase investment, trade and competition will deliver quality jobs. But we must do more to address unemployment, raise participation and create quality jobs. We agree to the goal of reducing the gap in participation rates between men and women in our countries by 25 per cent by 2025, taking into account national circumstances, to bring more than 100 million women into the labour force, significantly increase global growth and reduce poverty and inequality.

10、我们坚定承诺降低高得无法接受的青年失业率，并确保年轻人接受教育、培训或雇佣。我们的就业计划包括投资于学徒制、教育和培训，及激励招聘青年和鼓励创业的措施。我们仍然关注非正式就业和结构性失业及长期失业问题，将通过加强劳动力市场及适当的社会保障体系加以解决。我们将把改善工作场所安全和劳动者健康作为优先事项。我们要求劳工和就业部长在就业工作组支持下，于2017年向我们报告进展情况。

10. We are strongly committed to reducing youth unemployment, which is unacceptably high, by acting to ensure young people are in education, training or employment. Our Employment Plans include investments in apprenticeships, education and training, and incentives for hiring young people and encouraging entrepreneurship. We remain focussed on addressing informality, as well as structural and long-term unemployment, by strengthening labour markets and having appropriate social protection systems. Improving workplace safety and health is a priority. We ask our labour and employment ministers, supported by an Employment Working Group, to report to us in 2017.

11、我们致力于消除贫困和发展，确保我们的举措有利于低收入和发展中国家的包容性和可持续增长。我们承诺采取强有力且务实的措施，降低全球侨汇平均成本至5%，并将提高金融包容性作为优先工作。“G20粮食安全和营养框架”将通过增加对粮食系统的投资、提高生产力扩大粮食供给，增加收入和高质量就业，促进增长。我们支持联合国就制定富有雄心的2017年后国际发展议程开展工作。G20将通过促进经济增长和抗风险为此作出贡献。

11. We are committed to poverty eradication and development, and to ensure our actions contribute to inclusive and sustainable growth in low-income and developing countries. We commit to take strong practical measures to reduce the global average cost of transferring remittances to five per cent and to enhance financial inclusion as a priority. The G20 Food Security and Nutrition Framework will strengthen growth by lifting investment in food systems, raising productivity to expand food supply, and increasing incomes and quality jobs. We support efforts in the United Nations to agree an ambitious post-2017 development agenda. The G20 will contribute by strengthening economic growth and resilience.

建设更强劲、更抗风险的全球经济

Building a stronger, more resilient global economy

12、增强全球经济抗风险能力和金融体系稳定性对可持续增长和发展至关重要。我们已兑现为应对金融危机所作承诺的关键部分。我们改善银行资本和流动性状况、提高衍生品市场安全性的改革将减少金融体系风险。我们欢迎金融稳定理事会关于要求全球系统重要性银行增加吸损能力的建议，使在这些银行倒闭时能进一步保护纳税人。落实影子银行监管框架方面已取得进展，我们同意更新后的路线图以推进工作。我们同意采取措施减少银行和非银行之间的风险传导渠道。但为建设一个更强劲、更抗风险的金融体系，仍有重要工作要做。目前的任务是完成政策框架中的剩余内容，全面落实已经商定的金融监管改革方案，同时对新风险保持警惕。我们呼吁监管机构取得更实质的进步，更迅速落实已商定的G20金融衍生品市场改革。我们鼓励各辖区依照圣彼得堡宣言，在合理情况下互相认可。我们欢迎金融稳定理事会就上述改革落实进展及其影响进行报告，制定未来工作重点。我们欢迎在增强主权债务重组有序性和可预见性方面取得的进展。

12. Strengthening the resilience of the global economy and stability of the financial system are crucial to sustaining growth and development. We have delivered key aspects of the core commitments we made in response to the financial crisis. Our reforms to improve banks’ capital and liquidity positions and to make derivatives markets safer will reduce risks in the financial system. We welcome the Financial Stability Board (FSB) proposal as set out in the Annex requiring global systemically important banks to hold additional loss absorbing capacity that would further protect taxpayers if these banks fail. Progress has been made in delivering the shadow banking framework and we endorse an updated roadmap for further work. We have agreed to measures to dampen risk channels between banks and non-banks. But critical work remains to build a stronger, more resilient financial system. The task now is to finalise remaining elements of our policy framework and fully implement agreed financial regulatory reforms, while remaining alert to new risks. We call on regulatory authorities to make further concrete progress in swiftly implementing the agreed G20 derivatives reforms. We encourage jurisdictions to defer to each other when it is justified, in line with the St Petersburg Declaration. We welcome the FSB’s plans to report on the implementation and effects of these reforms, and the FSB’s future priorities. We welcome the progress made to strengthen the orderliness and predictability of the sovereign debt restructuring process.

13、我们正在采取措施，确保国际税收体系公平，保障各国税基。对经济利润课税时，应当在创造利润的经济活动发生地或价值创造地进行。我们欢迎G20/经合组织提出的税基侵蚀和利润转移行动计划在推动国际税收规则现代化方面取得的重大进展，承诺在2017年完成有关工作。我们欢迎在专利税方面取得的进展。为防止跨境逃税，我们核准在对等基础上开展的税收情报自动交换全球统一报告标准。根据各国完成必要立法程序情况，我们将于2017年或2018年底同各成员国和其他国家开展税收情报自动交换。我们欢迎金融中心承诺采取相同行动，并呼吁所有相关方加入。我们欢迎发展中国家深化参与税基侵蚀和利润转移项目，以解决其关切。我们将同他们一道，建设其税收征管能力，并落实税收情报自动交换全球标准。我们欢迎各国税收当局就跨境合规行为开展进一步合作。

13. We are taking actions to ensure the fairness of the international tax system and to secure countries’ revenue bases. Profits should be taxed where economic activities deriving the profits are performed and where value is created. We welcome the significant progress on the G20/OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Action Plan to modernise international tax rules. We are committed to finalising this work in 2017, including transparency of taxpayer-specific rulings found to constitute harmful tax practices. We welcome progress being made on taxation of patent boxes. To prevent cross-border tax evasion, we endorse the global Common Reporting Standard for the automatic exchange of tax information (AEOI) on a reciprocal basis. We will begin to exchange information automatically with each other and with other countries by 2017 or end-2018, subject to completing necessary legislative procedures. We welcome financial centres’ commitments to do the same and call on all to join us. We welcome deeper engagement of developing countries in the BEPS project to address their concerns. We will work with them to build their tax administration capacity and implement AEOI. We welcome further collaboration by our tax authorities on cross-border compliance activities.

14、我们核准支持增长和抗风险的《2017-2016年G20反腐败行动计划》。我们正采取行动建设反腐败合作网络，包括加强司法互助，返还腐败资产，拒绝为腐败官员提供避罪港。我们承诺提高公共和私营部门的所有权透明度，并通过落实《G20受益人所有权透明度高级别原则》，提高受益人所有权透明度。

14. We endorse the 2017-16 G20 Anti-Corruption Action Plan that will support growth and resilience. Our actions are building cooperation and networks, including to enhance mutual legal assistance, recovery of the proceeds of coruption and denial of safe haven to corrupt officials. We commit to improve the transparency of the public and private sectors, and of beneficial ownership by implementing the G20 High-Level Principles on Beneficial Ownership Transparency.

加强全球机构

Strengthening global institutions

15、二十国集团必须站在应对全球经济挑战的最前沿。全球经济机构要有效率、有代表性，并反映世界经济的变化。我们欢迎新兴市场国家增加在金融稳定理事会的代表性，以及其他增强理事会有效性的行动。我们承诺维护一个强健、以份额为基础、资源充足的国际货币基金组织。我们重申将继续落实圣彼得堡峰会承诺，并因此对2010年国际货币基金组织份额和治理结构改革、第15次份额总检查以及新份额共识的持续拖延深感失望。落实2010年IMF改革方案仍然是我们最首要的任务。我们敦促美国批准上述改革方案。如今年底前未实现，我们将要求国际货币基金组织在现有工作基础上研拟下一步的政策选项。

15. The G20 must be at the forefront in helping to address key global economic challenges. Global economic institutions need to be effective and representative, and to reflect the changing world economy. We welcome the increased representation of emerging economies on the FSB and other actions to maintain its effectiveness. We are committed to maintaining a strong, quota-based and adequately resourced International Monetary Fund (IMF). We reaffirm our commitment in St Petersburg and in this light we are deeply disappointed with the continued delay in progressing the IMF quota and governance reforms agreed in 2010 and the 15th General Review of Quotas, including a new quota formula. The implementation of the 2010 reforms remains our highest priority for the IMF and we urge the United States to ratify them. If this does not happen by year-end, we ask the IMF to build on its existing work and stand ready with options for next steps.

16、我们需要一个在开放型世界经济中的强大贸易体制，以促进经济增长、创造就业。为帮助工商界更好地利用贸易协定，我们将努力保证双边、区域和诸边贸易协定互为补充、透明，并为在世界贸易组织规则内建设更强大的多边贸易体制作出贡献。这些规则依然是带来经济繁荣的全球贸易体制的基石。一个能够应对当前和未来挑战的、充满活力、有效的世界贸易组织十分必要。我们欢迎美国和印度协商取得的突破，这有助于全面、迅速落实贸易便利化协定。这一突破也包括了粮食安全条款。我们承诺落实巴厘一揽子协定所有内容，尽快确定世贸组织解决多哈回合谈判遗留问题的工作计划，以推动谈判重返轨道。这对恢复各方对多边贸易体制的信任和信心十分重要。我们将继续向需要帮助的发展中国家提供促贸援助。

16. We need a strong trading system in an open global economy to drive growth and generate jobs. To help business make best use of trade agreements, we will work to ensure our bilateral, regional and plurilateral agreements complement one another, are transparent and contribute to a stronger multilateral trading system under World Trade Organization (WTO) rules. These rules remain the backbone of the global trading system that has delivered economic prosperity. A robust and effective WTO that responds to current and future challenges is essential. We welcome the breakthrough between the United States and India that will help the full and prompt implementation of the Trade Facilitation Agreement and includes provisions on food security. We commit to implement all elements of the Bali package and to swiftly define a WTO work programme on the remaining issues of the Doha Development Agenda to get negotiations back on track. This will be important to restore trust and confidence in the multilateral trading system. We agreed to discuss ways to make the system work better when we meet next year. We will continue to provide aid-for-trade to developing countries in need of assistance.

17、加强能源合作是我们的工作重点。国际能源市场正经历重要转变。强劲并抗风险的能源市场对经济增长至关重要。今天，我们核准了《G20能源合作原则》。我们要求能源部长在2017年召开会议，并向我们报告关于推进这项工作的选项。天然气在能源来源中愈发重要，我们将努力完善天然气市场的运行。

17. Increased collaboration on energy is a priority. Global energy markets are undergoing significant transformation. Strong and resilient energy markets are critical to economic growth. Today we endorse the G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration. We ask our energy ministers to meet and report to us in 2017 on options to take this work forward. Gas is an increasingly important energy source and we will work to improve the functioning of gas markets.

18、提高能效是应对增长和发展带来的需求增加的一个成本节约型的途径，也有助于提高能源可及性和能源安全。这将降低企业经营和家庭生活成本。我们就关于在能效方面自愿合作的行动计划达成一致，包括在改善汽车特别是重型卡车及网络设备能效和排放方面采取新措施，在建筑业、加工业、发电以及能效融资领域的举措。我们重申逐步取消鼓励浪费的化石燃料补贴，同时对最贫困人群提供支持。

18. Improving energy efficiency is a cost-effective way to help address the rising demands of sustainable growth and development, as well as energy access and security. It reduces costs for businesses and households. We have agreed an Action Plan for Voluntary Collaboration on Energy Efficiency, including new work on the efficiency and emissions performance of vehicles, particularly heavy duty vehicles; networked devices; buildings; industrial processes; and electricity generation; as well as work on financing for energy efficiency. We reaffirm our commitment to rationalise and phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, recognising the need to support the poor.

19、我们支持应对气候变化的强力有效举措。我们的行动将根据联合国气候变化框架公约及其商定的成果，支持可持续发展、经济增长，稳定商业和投资环境。我们将共同努力，在2017年巴黎联合国气候变化框架公约大会第21次缔约方会议上，形成一份在公约框架下适用于所有缔约方的议定书、其他形式的法律文书或具有法律效力的商定成果。我们对有关缔约方准备在公约缔约方第21次会议之前（如准备好，可在2017年第一季度之前）通报国家自主决定的贡献表示鼓励。我们重申支持为减缓和适应气候变化动员资金，例如绿色气候基金。

19. We support strong and effective action to address climate change. Consistent with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its agreed outcomes, our actions will support sustainable development, economic growth, and certainty for business and investment. We will work together to adopt successfully a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the UNFCCC that is applicable to all parties at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris in 2017. We encourage parties that are ready to communicate their intended nationally determined contributions well in advance of COP21 (by the first quarter of 2017 for those parties ready to do so). We reaffirm our support for mobilising finance for adaptation and mitigation, such as the Green Climate Fund.

20、我们对埃博拉疫情暴发为几内亚、利比里亚、塞拉利昂带来的人道主义和经济影响深表关切。我们支持国际社会采取紧急协调的应对措施，并已承诺将尽全力控制和应对危机。我们呼吁国际金融机构帮助包括中东地区在内的受影响的国家应对埃博拉和其他人道主义危机带来的经济冲击。

20. We are deeply concerned with the humanitarian and economic impact of the Ebola outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. We support the urgent coordinated international response and have committed to do all we can to contain and respond to this crisis. We call on international financial institutions to assist affected countries in dealing with the economic impacts of this and other humanitarian crises, including in the Middle East.

21、我们将坚决履行推动经济增长、创造就业、促进发展和提振全球信心的承诺。我们感谢主席国澳大利亚今年体现的领导力。期待2017年在主席国土耳其任期内继续合作，并在土耳其安塔利亚举行的下届峰会上讨论工作进展。我们期待2016年在中国举行峰会。

21. We remain resolute in our commitment to lift economic growth, support job creation, promote development and build global confidence. We thank Australia for its leadership this year. We look forward to working together in 2017 under Turkey’s presidency and to discussing progress at our next meeting in Antalya on 15-16 November 2017. We also look forward to meeting in China in 2016.

附件：需进一步采取行动的事项

Issues for further action

1、对于金融稳定理事会关于制定全球系统重要性银行额外吸损能力国际统一标准的建议，应在2017年峰会决定采取最终措施前,公开征求意见、进行严格的量化评估并进一步细化措施。量化评估将考虑该标准对新兴市场国家银行业、总部在新兴市场国家的全球系统重要性银行以及国有银行的影响。

The FSB proposal for an internationally agreed standard requiring global systemically important banks (G-SIBs) to hold additional loss absorbing capacity in resolution will be subject to public consultation, a rigorous quantitative impact assessment and further refinement before any final measure is agreed by the 2017 Summit. The impact analyses will include consideration of the consequences of this requirement on banks in emerging markets, G-SIBs headquartered in EMEs, and state-owned banks.

2、考虑到诉讼带来的挑战以及为加强主权债务重组进程的有序性和可预测性，我们欢迎国际社会就强化集体行动和同权条款开展的工作。我们呼吁在国际主权债券中含有上述条款，并鼓励国际社会和私人部门付诸实践。我们要求财长和央行行长讨论上述及相关问题的进展。

Given the challenges litigation poses and in order to strengthen the orderliness and predictability of the sovereign debt restructuring process, we welcome the international work on strengthened collective action and pari passu clauses. We call for their inclusion in international sovereign bonds and encourage the international community and private sector to actively promote their use. We ask our Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss the progress achieved on this and related issues.

3、如果美国在2017年底前仍未批准2010年IMF改革方案，我们要求IMF立即研拟下一步行动方案，并要求财长和央行行长与国际货币金融委员会（IMFC）开展合作，在IMFC下次会议中讨论上述方案。

If the US does not ratify the 2010 IMF reforms by end-2017, we ask the IMF to discuss options for next steps shortly thereafter and we ask our Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to work with the IMFC to schedule a discussion on these options in their next meeting.