2017年政府工作报告全文（双语）

政府工作报告

第十二届全国人大二次会议， 2017年3月5日

国务院总理 李克强

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

Delivered at the Second Session of the Twelfth National People's Congress on March 5, 2017

by Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council

各位代表：现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

Fellow Deputies,

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you the report on the work of the government for your deliberation,and I welcome comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2013年工作回顾

过去一年是本届政府依法履职的第一年，任务艰巨而繁重。面对世界经济复苏艰难、国内经济下行压力加大、自然灾害频发、多重矛盾交织的复杂形势，全国各族人民在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央领导下，从容应对挑战，奋力攻坚克难，圆满实现全年经济社会发展主要预期目标，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得令人瞩目的重大成就。

I. Review of Work in 2013

Last year was the first year for this government to perform its functions in accordance with the law, and it had arduous tasks. We faced a complex environment: the world economic recovery was difficult. In China, downward pressure on the economy increased, natural disasters occurred frequently, and there was an array of interrelated problems. However, the people of all of China's ethnic groups, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary, confidently met all challenges, strove to overcome difficulties, fully attained the main targets for economic and social development for the year, and made impressive achievements in reform and opening up and in the socialist modernization drive.

——经济运行稳中向好。国内生产总值达到56.9万亿元，比上年增长7.7％。居民消费价格涨幅控制在2.6％。城镇登记失业率4.1％。城镇新增就业1310万人，创历史新高。进出口总额突破4万亿美元，再上新台阶。

-The economy was stable and improved. The gross domestic product (GDP) reached 56.9 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.7% over the previous year. The rise in the consumer price index (CPI) was kept at 2.6%. The registered urban unemployment rate was kept at 4.1% and 13.1 million urban jobs were created, an all-time high. Total imports and exports exceeded US$4 trillion, reaching a new high.

——居民收入和经济效益持续提高。城镇居民人均可支配收入实际增长7％，农村居民人均纯收入实际增长9.3％，农村贫困人口减少165O万人，城乡居民收入差距继续缩小。规模以上工业企业利润增长12.2％。财政收入增长1O.1％。

-Personal income continued to rise, and economic performance continued to improve. The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by 7% in real terms, and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by 9.3% in real terms. The number of rural people living in poverty was reduced by 16.5 million and the urban-rural income gap continued to narrow. The profits of industrial enterprises with annual revenue of 20 million yuan or more from their main business operations rose by 12.2%. Government revenue increased by 10.1%.

——结构调整取得积极成效。粮食产量超过1.2万亿斤，实现“十连增”。服务业增加值比重达到46.1％，首次超过第二产业。中西部地区生产总值比重继续提高，区域发展协调性增强。全社会用电量增长7.5％，货运量增长9.9％，主要实物量指标与经济增长相互匹配。

-Progress was achieved in adjusting the economic structure. Grain output exceeded 600 million metric tons, increasing for the tenth consecutive year. The value-added of the service sector accounted for 46.1% of GDP, surpassing secondary industry for the first time. The proportion of the gross regional product of the central and western regions to China's GDP continued to rise, and development in different regions became better balanced. China's total electricity consumption increased by 7.5%, and the volume of freight transport rose by 9.9%. Main real physical indexes matched economic growth.

——社会事业蓬勃发展。教育、科技、文化、卫生等领域取得新进步。神舟十号遨游太空，嫦娥三号成功登月，蛟龙深潜再创纪录，这表明中国人民完全有能力、有智慧实现建成创新型国家的目标。

-Social programs developed vigorously. Progress was made in education, science and technology, culture, and health. The Shenzhou-10 spacecraft was sent into orbit. The Chang'e-3 lunar lander successfully landed on the moon. The submersible Jiaolong broke the record for manned deep-sea dives. All this shows that the Chinese people definitely have the ability and wisdom to achieve the objective of making the country more innovative.

过去一年，困难比预料的多，结果比预想的好。经济社会发展既有量的扩大，又有质的提升，为今后奠定了基础。这将鼓舞我们砥砺前行，不断创造新的辉煌。

In the last year, we met more difficulties but delivered a better performance than expected. The economy and society developed both quantitatively and qualitatively, thus laying a good foundation for future development. These achievements encourage us to forge ahead and make further progress.

一年来，我们坚持稳中求进工作总基调，统筹稳增长、调结构、促改革，坚持宏观政策要稳、微观政策要活、社会政策要托底，创新宏观调控思路和方式，采取一系列既利当前、更惠长远的举措，稳中有为，稳中提质，稳中有进，各项工作实现了良好开局。

Last year, we adhered to the general work guideline of making progress while maintaining stability. We worked to maintain stable growth, make structural adjustments and carry out reform in a holistic way. We ensured that the government's macro policies are stable, micro policies are flexible and social policies meet people's basic needs. We improved the ways of exercising macro-control and adopted measures with both short-term and long-term benefits in mind. We strove to break new ground, improve quality, and make progress while ensuring stability. All our work got off to a good start.

一是着力深化改革开放，激发市场活力和内生动力。在国内外环境错综复杂、宏观调控抉择两难的情况下，我们深处着力，把改革开放作为发展的根本之策，放开市场这只“看不见的手”，用好政府这只“看得见的手”，促进经济稳定增长。

First, we deepened reform and opening up, invigorated the market, and stimulated internal impetus to growth. In the face of complex international and domestic developments and difficult choices in macro-control, we endeavored to resolve deep-seated problems and difficulties, took reform and opening up as the fundamental way to advance development, and gave full rein to both the invisible hand of the market and the visible hand of the government to promote steady economic growth.

我们从政府自身改起，把加快转变职能、简政放权作为本届政府开门第一件大事。国务院机构改革有序实施，分批取消和下放了416项行政审批等事项，修订政府核准的投资项目目录，推动工商登记制度改革。各地积极推进政府职能转变和机构改革，大幅减少行政审批事项。

Taking government reform as our starting point, we made accelerating the transformation of government functions, streamlining administration and delegating more power to lower-level governments the top priority of this government. Reform of State Council bodies was carried out in an orderly manner. We abolished or delegated to lower-level governments 416 items previously subject to State Council review and approval in batches, revised the list of investment projects requiring government review and approval, and carried forward reform of the business registration system.Local governments actively transformed their functions and reformed their departments, and greatly reduced the matters requiring their review and approval.

扩大“营改增”试点，取消和免征行政事业性收费348项，减轻企业负担15OO多亿元。这些都为市场松了绑，为企业添了力，全国新注册企业增长27.6％，民间投资比重上升到63％。

The pilot project to replace business tax with value-added tax (VAT) was expanded, and 348 administrative fees were either canceled or exempted, thus reducing the burden on businesses by more than 150 billion yuan.All this further improved the market environment and invigorated businesses. The number of newly registered businesses increased by 27.6% nationwide. Private investment increased to 63% of the country's total investment.

全面放开贷款利率管制，在全国进行中小企业股份转让系统试点。启动不动产统一登记。简政放权等改革，极大地激发了市场活力、发展动力和社会创造力。

Interest rate controls on loans were completely lifted. A trial on implementing the National Equities and Exchange Quotations was carried out nationwide. Unified registration of immovable property was launched. The reform greatly invigorated the market and stimulated development and social creativity, and boosted our efforts to streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level governments.

我们推动开放向深度拓展。设立中国上海自由贸易试验区，探索准入前国民待遇加负面清单的管理模式。提出建设丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路的构想。打造中国—东盟自贸区升级版。与瑞士、冰岛签署自由贸易协定。实施稳定外贸增长的政策，改善海关、检验检疫等监管服务。成功应对光伏“双反”等重大贸易摩擦。推动高铁、核电等技术装备走出国门，对外投资大幅增加，出境旅游近亿人次。开放的持续推进，扩大了发展的新空间。

We deepened reform endeavors. The China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone was established and the management model of pre-establishment national treatment (PENT) with a negative list was introduced. The vision of establishing a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st century maritime Silk Road was put forward. The China-ASEAN Free Trade Zone was upgraded. Free trade agreements were respectively signed with Switzerland and Iceland.We implemented the policy to keep increases in foreign trade stable and improved customs, inspection, quarantine and other supervision and control services. Major trade disputes over anti-dumping and countervailing duties on Chinese products, such as photovoltaic solar products, were successfully resolved. We marketed China's high-speed rail and nuclear power technologies and equipment on the international market. China's outbound investment increased significantly. The number of Chinese tourists going overseas reached close to 100 million. The sustained progress of opening up created more space for China's development.

二是创新宏观调控思路和方式，确保经济运行处于合理区间。面对跌宕起伏的经济形势，我们保持定力，明确守住稳增长、保就业的下限和防通胀的上限，只要经济在合理区间运行，就集中精力抓住转方式调结构不放松，保持宏观政策基本取向不动摇，以增强市场信心、稳定社会预期。

Second, we improved our thinking on and ways of conducting macro-control and ensured that the economy performed within a proper range. In the face of economic fluctuations, we maintained confidence, and stressed the need to maintain steady growth and ensure that employment does not fall below the prescribed minimum level and that inflation does not rise above the projected level. As the economic performance remained within the proper range, we concentrated our efforts on improving the growth model and making structural adjustments by unswervingly following the underlying principles of our macro-control policy. This enhanced public confidence in the market and kept expectations stable.

去年上半年，出口大幅波动，经济持续下行，中央财政收入一度出现多年少有的负增长，银行间同业拆放利率一度异常升高，国际上出现中国经济可能“硬着陆”的声音。

In the first half of last year, China's exports fluctuated drastically, the economic growth rate continued to decline, central government revenue registered negative growth for the first time in many years, and the inter-bank offered rate for lending rose sharply. There was overseas speculation that China's economy would have a "hard landing."

针对这种情况，我们坚持实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，不采取短期刺激措施，不扩大赤字，不超发货币，而是增加有效供给，释放潜在需求，沉着应对市场短期波动，保障经济运行不滑出合理区间，让市场吃了“定心丸”，成为经济稳中向好的关键一招。

In response to all this, we adhered to a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. We did not adopt short-term stimulus measures, increase the deficit or issue excessive currency. Instead, we increased effective supply, unleashed potential demand, confidently dealt with short-term market fluctuations, and kept economic activities from sliding out of the proper range.

去年财政赤字控制在预算范围内，广义货币M2增长13.6％，符合调控要求。

All these efforts reassured the market and played a vital role in sustaining steady economic growth. Last year, the deficit was kept within the budgeted range and the broad money supply (M2) increased by 13.6%, well within the target range.

在保持总量政策稳定的同时，积极盘活存量、用好增量。优化财政支出，整合压缩专项转移支付。中央党政机关和事业单位一般性支出压减5％，各地也压减一般性支出，腾出的资金用于改善民生、发展经济。对小微企业实行税收优惠，6OO多万户企业受益。通过审计，摸清全国政府性债务底数。加强金融监管和流动性管理，保持金融稳健运行。

While keeping macroeconomic policy stable, we made good use of both existing and additional monetary and financial resources. We improved the structure of budgetary expenditures and integrated and cut special transfer payments. The regular expenditures of central Party and government departments and public institutions were cut by 5%, and the regular expenditures of local governments were also reduced. The money saved was used to improve people's lives and grow the economy. Over six million small businesses with low profits benefited from tax breaks. We got a clear picture of total government debt in the whole country through auditing. We tightened financial supervision and liquidity management, thus ensuring sound financial operations.

三是注重调整经济结构，提高发展质量和效益。针对阻碍发展的结构性问题，我们注重精准发力，运用市场手段和差别化政策，在优化结构中稳增长，在创新驱动中促转型，推动提质增效升级，为长远发展铺路搭桥。

Third, we focused on adjusting the economic structure and raising the quality and returns of development. To address structural problems that hinder development, we strove to take well-targeted steps and used both the market and differential policies to maintain steady growth while upgrading the economic structure. And we also promoted industrial transformation in the course of carrying out innovation-driven development, thereby raising the quality and returns of development, promoting industrial upgrading and creating conditions for sustaining long-term development.

巩固和加强农业基础。推进现代农业综合配套改革试点，支持发展多种形式适度规模经营。全面完成1.5万座小型水库除险加固，新解决农村6300多万人饮水安全问题。加强生态保护与建设，全国森林覆盖率上升到21.6％。

The foundation of agriculture was consolidated and strengthened. We carried out integrated and comprehensive pilot reforms to modernize agriculture and supported the development of diversified and large-scale farming. Reinforcement of 15,000 small reservoirs was completed. More than 63 million additional rural people gained access to safe drinking water. Ecological conservation and development were strengthened, and China's forest coverage increased to 21.6% of the total land area.

加快产业结构调整。鼓励发展服务业，支持战略性新兴产业发展，第四代移动通信正式商用。积极化解部分行业产能严重过剩矛盾。推进节能减排和污染防治，能源消耗强度下降3.7％，二氧化硫、化学需氧量排放量分别下降3.5％、2.9％。

Adjustment of the industrial structure was accelerated. We encouraged the development of the service sector, and supported the development of strategic emerging industries. The 4G mobile communications system was put into commercial operation. We worked actively to resolve the serious problem of excess production capacity in some industries. We tried hard to conserve energy, reduce emissions and prevent and control pollution. Energy intensity was cut by 3.7%, and emissions of sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand decreased by 3.5% and 2.9%, respectively.

加强基础设施建设。南水北调东线一期工程提前通水，中线一期主体工程如期完工。推进地下管网等城市基础设施建设。拓展油气和电力输配网络。非化石能源发电量比重达到22.3%。加强民航、水运、信息、邮政网络建设，铁路、高速公路运营里程均超过10万公里，其中高速铁路运营里程达到1.1万公里，居世界首位。

Infrastructure was strengthened. The first phase of the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was put into operation ahead of plan, and the main part of the first phase of the central route was completed as planned. Underground pipe networks and other urban infrastructure were improved. Oil, natural gas and electric power networks were expanded, and electricity generated from non-fossil energy amounted to 22.3% of the total electricity output. Civil aviation, water transport, information and postal service networks were improved. The total length of expressways and railways in service both exceeded 100,000 kilometers, with the length of high-speed railways in service reaching 11,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world.

推进创新驱动发展。全社会研发支出占国内生产总值比重超过2%。深化科技体制改革，实施知识、技术创新等工程。超级计算、智能机器人、超级杂交稻等一批关键技术实现重大突破。

We continued to pursue innovation-driven development. China's R&D spending accounted for over 2% of its GDP. We deepened reform of the science and technology management system and implemented knowledge and technology innovation projects. Major breakthroughs were made in a number of key technologies, such as the building of supercomputers and smart robots and the cultivation of super-hybrid rice.

四是切实保障和改善民生，促进社会公平正义。在财政收支矛盾较大的情况下，我们竭诚尽力，始终把改善民生作为工作的出发点和落脚点，注重制度建设，兜住民生底线，推动社会事业发展。

Fourth, we ensured and improved people's wellbeing and upheld social fairness and justice. At a time when government expenditures exceeded government revenue by a large amount, we took improving people's wellbeing as the starting point and goal of our work, gave high priority to improving the relevant systems, ensured that people's basic living needs are met, and promoted the development of social programs.

保障群众基本生活。实施大学生就业促进计划，应届高校毕业生绝大部分实现就业。加强农村转移劳动力就业服务和职业培训，对城镇就业困难人员进行就业援助。

We ensured that the people have access to basic daily necessities. We implemented the program for promoting employment of university graduates, thus enabling the vast majority of new college graduates to find jobs. We improved employment services and vocational skills training for rural migrant workers, and provided employment assistance to urban residents having difficulties in finding jobs.

推进养老保险、社会救助制度建设，城乡低保标准分别提高13.1％和17.7％，企业退休人员基本养老金水平提高10％。新开工保障性安居工程660万套，基本建成540万套，上千万住房困难群众乔迁新居。

We improved the systems of social aid and old-age insurance. Subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents were raised by 13.1% and 17.7% respectively, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees were increased by 10%. Construction of 6.66 million government-subsidized housing units was started, and 5.44 million such housing units were basically completed. Thanks to these efforts, over ten million people with housing difficulties moved into new homes.

推进教育发展和改革。启动教育扶贫工程，实施农村义务教育薄弱学校改造计划，学生营养改善计划惠及3200万孩子。对集中连片特困地区乡村教师发放生活补助，贫困地区农村学生上重点高校人数比上年增长8.5％。

We promoted education development and reform. We launched the project to alleviate poverty through education and continued to implement the plan to improve poorly built and low performing rural schools providing compulsory education. The project to improve nutrition of rural students covered 32 million students, and living allowances were issued to rural teachers in contiguous poor areas. The number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled by key colleges and universities increased by 8.5% over the previous year.

深化医药卫生体制改革。基本医保总体实现全覆盖，城乡居民基本医保财政补助标准增加到人均280元。基本药物制度覆盖80％以上村卫生室。28个省份开展大病医疗保险试点。启动疾病应急救助试点。全面实施国家基本公共卫生服务项目，农村免费孕前检查使600万个家庭受益。

We deepened reform of the medical and health care systems. The basic medical insurance system now covers all the population in general, and the per capita government subsidy for rural and urban residents covered by this system increased to 280 yuan. The system of using basic medicines was implemented in over 80% of village clinics. Pilot programs of medical insurance covering major diseases were carried out in 28 provincial-level administrative areas. A trial project was launched to provide emergency assistance for disease treatment. We comprehensively implemented the national project to provide basic public health services. Six million rural women received free pre-pregnancy checkups.

促进文化事业和文化产业健康发展。推出一批文化精品，扩大公益性文化设施向社会免费开放。深化文化体制改革，加强文化市场建设，文化产业增加值增长15％以上。完善全民健身服务体系，成功节俭举办第十二届全国运动会。

We promoted the sound development of the cultural sector. A number of high-quality cultural works were produced, and more public cultural facilities were opened free of charge. We deepened reform of the cultural management system and developed the market for cultural products. The added value of the culture industry increased by over 15%. We improved the national fitness service system, and successfully held the Twelfth National Games in an economic way.

五是改进社会治理方式，保持社会和谐稳定。面对自然灾害等各种突发事件，我们有序有力，坚持以人为本、依法依规、科学应对，既进行有效处置，又探索建立新机制，以提高社会治理水平。

Fifth, we improved social governance and maintained social harmony and stability. In the face of natural disasters and other emergencies, we worked in an orderly and efficient way and in accordance with laws and regulations, put people first, and responded in a well-planned way. We both coped with emergencies effectively and explored how to set up new mechanisms to improve social governance.

去年，我国发生四川芦山地震、甘肃岷县漳县地震、黑龙江松花江嫩江流域洪涝、南方高温干旱、沿海强台风等严重自然灾害，出现人感染禽流感疫情。我们健全分级负责、相互协同的抗灾救灾应急机制，中央统筹帮助支持，地方就近统一指挥，最大限度保护了人民群众生命财产安全。

Last year, several severe natural disasters occurred in China, including earthquakes in Lushan, Sichuan Province, and in Min and Zhang counties, Gansu Province; floods in the Heilong, Songhua and Nen river areas; high temperatures and drought in southern China; and ferocious typhoons in coastal areas. The transmission of avian flu to humans also occurred. We improved the emergency response and disaster relief mechanism based on separate responsibilities for central and local governments and close coordination between them. With the central government coordinating overall aid and assistance and local governments in the affected areas exercising direct relief management, people's lives and property received the best possible protection.

加强安全生产和市场监管。完善相关机制，严肃查处重大安全事故并追究有关人员责任，重特大事故下降16.9％。重组食品药品监管机构，深入开展食品药品安全专项整治，对婴幼儿奶粉质量按照药品管理办法严格监管，努力让人民吃得放心、用得安心。

Workplace safety and market oversight were strengthened. We improved relevant mechanisms, conducted thorough investigations into major workplace accidents and held those involved accountable. As a result, serious and major work-related accidents decreased by 16.9%. We merged food and drug oversight agencies, carried out a campaign to improve food and drug safety, exercised strict oversight over the quality of infant formula in accordance with drug supervision regulations, and strove to ensure that people have access to safe food and drugs.

推进依法行政，国务院提请全国人大常委会制定修订法律34件，提出废止劳动教养制度议案，制定修订行政法规47件。完善信访和调解联动工作体系，预防和化解社会矛盾。依法打击各类违法犯罪活动。

To enhance law-based governance, the State Council made proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on enacting or revising 34 laws, put forward a bill for abolishing the system of reeducation through labor, and enacted or revised 47 administrative regulations. We improved the system for handling people's complaints expressed in letters or visits and for mediating disputes, and prevented and defused social conflicts. We cracked down on all kinds of crime in accordance with the law.

全面贯彻中央八项规定精神，开展群众路线教育实践活动，坚决反对“四风”，严格执行“约法三章”。中央国家机关“三公”经费减少35％，31个省份本级公务接待费减少26％。加大廉政建设和反腐败工作力度，一批违法违纪分子受到惩处。

We fully implemented the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct, carried out the campaign to heighten awareness of and implement the mass line, firmly opposed formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and extravagance, and strictly implemented the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending. Spending by central government bodies on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality was reduced by 35%, and spending by provincial-level governments on official hospitality decreased by 26%. Efforts to uphold integrity and fight corruption were strengthened and a number of people violating the law or discipline were brought to justice.

去年是我国外交工作开创新局的一年。习近平主席等新一届国家领导人出席二十国集团领导人峰会、亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、上海合作组织峰会、金砖国家领导人会晤、东亚领导人系列会议等重大多边活动，访问一系列国家，取得丰硕成果。

Last year, we made new ground in conducting China's diplomacy. President Xi Jinping and other new state leaders accomplished much through their participation in major multilateral events, including the G20 Leaders Summit, the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit, the BRICS Leaders Meeting, and the East Asian leaders meetings, and their visits to a number of countries.

周边外交工作进入新阶段。经济外交取得新进展。同发展中国家交流合作迈上新台阶，同主要大国关系在互动中稳定发展，在重大国际和地区事务及热点问题上发挥负责任大国作用。坚定维护国家领土主权和海洋权益。我国的对外影响力进一步提升。

China entered a new phase in pursuing neighborhood diplomacy. Progress was made in economic diplomacy. China's exchanges and cooperation with other developing countries reached a new level. China's relations with other major countries steadily grew through interaction. China played the role of a large responsible country in important international and regional issues and hotspot issues. We resolutely safeguarded China's sovereignty, territorial integrity and maritime rights and interests. China's influence in the world further increased.

各位代表！过去一年的成就来之不易。这是以习近平同志为总书记的党中央正确领导的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结奋斗的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢!向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢!向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！

The achievements we made last year did not come easily. We owe them to the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary as well as to the concerted efforts of the whole Party, the entire armed forces, and the people of all of China's ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I express our sincere gratitude to the people of all our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, people's organizations and people from all sectors of society. I express our heartfelt appreciation to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, our Taiwan compatriots, and overseas Chinese. I also express our sincere thanks to foreign governments, international organizations and friends from all over the world that show understanding of and support China in its endeavor to achieve modernization.

过去一年政府工作中行之有效的思路和做法，要在今后的实践中继续坚持、不断探索与完善。同时，我们清醒认识到，前进道路上还有不少困难和问题。主要是：经济稳中向好基础还不牢固，增长的内生动力尚待增强。财政、金融等领域仍存在一些风险隐患，部分行业产能严重过剩，宏观调控难度增大。农业增产农民增收难度加大。

In carrying out our work ahead, we will adhere to the thinking and practices that proved effective in last year's government work and keep improving them.At the same time, we must be keenly aware of the many difficulties and problems on our road ahead. The main ones are: The foundation for sustaining steady economic growth is not yet firm, and the internal impetus driving growth needs to be increased. Risks and hidden dangers still exist in public finance and banking; some industries are heavily burdened by excess production capacity; and the exercise of macro-controls has become more difficult. Increasing agricultural output and rural incomes is becoming more difficult.

一些地区大气、水、土壤等污染严重，节能减排任务艰巨。就业结构性矛盾较大。住房、食品药品安全、医疗、养老、教育、收入分配、征地拆迁、社会治安等方面群众不满意的问题依然较多，生产安全重特大事故时有发生。社会信用体系不健全。腐败问题易发多发，公职人员中不廉不勤现象仍然存在。

Air, water and soil pollution is severe in some places, and the task of conserving energy and reducing emissions remains arduous. There are major structural problems constraining employment. There are still many problems which people are unhappy about in housing, food and drug safety, medical services, old-age services, education, income distribution, land expropriation and resettlement, and public order. Serious and major industrial accidents occur frequently. The social credibility system needs to be improved. Some government employees are prone to corruption and some still do not perform their duties with integrity and diligence.

这些问题，有的是发展过程中产生的，有的是工作不到位造成的。对存在的问题，政府要先从自身找原因、想办法。民之所望是我们施政所向。要牢记责任使命，增强忧患意识，敢于担当，毫不懈怠，扎实有效解决问题，决不辜负人民的厚望。

Some of these problems have arisen in the course of development and others have occurred because we have not done our work well enough. The government must first examine itself to identify the causes of these problems and work out ways to resolve them. It must follow people's wishes in exercising governance. We must firmly bear in mind our duties and mission, increase our sense of vigilance against potential dangers, be eager to take on challenges, work tirelessly and effectively to solve problems, and truly live up to people's expectations.

二、2017年工作总体部署

2017年，我国面临的形势依然错综复杂，有利条件和不利因素并存。世界经济复苏存在不稳定、不确定因素，一些国家宏观政策调整带来变数，新兴经济体又面临新的困难和挑战。全球经济格局深度调整，国际竞争更趋激烈。我国支撑发展的要素条件也在发生深刻变化，深层次矛盾凸显，正处于结构调整阵痛期、增长速度换挡期，到了爬坡过坎的紧要关口，经济下行压力依然较大。同时要看到，我国发展仍处在可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期，工业化、城镇化持续推进，区域发展回旋余地大，今后一个时期保持经济中高速增长有基础也有条件。我们必须防微虑远，趋利避害，一定要牢牢把握发展的主动权。

II. General Work Arrangements for 2017

In 2017, we are still in a complex environment with both favorable and unfavorable factors. The world economic recovery still faces instability and uncertainties. Macro-policy adjustments made by some countries introduce new variables into the equation, and emerging economies are facing new difficulties and challenges. The global economy is undergoing profound adjustment and international competition is getting fiercer.We are at a critical juncture where our path upward is particularly steep: The basic conditions underpinning development are undergoing profound changes; deep-seated problems are surfacing; painful structural adjustments need to be made; the pace of economic growth is changing; and downward pressure on the economy remains great.At the same time, it should be noted that China has the foundation and conditions for maintaining a medium-high rate of economic growth for some time to come: We are still in an important period of strategic opportunity during which great progress can be made in China's development; industrialization and urbanization are being advanced; and there is considerable potential for regional development. We must address problems as they emerge, guard against latent problems, and keep the development initiative firmly in our hands.

今年政府工作的总体要求是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，全面贯彻落实党的十八大和十八届二中、三中全会精神，贯彻落实习近平同志系列重要讲话精神，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，把改革创新贯穿于经济社会发展各个领域各个环节，保持宏观经济政策连续性稳定性，增强调控的前瞻性针对性，全面深化改革，不断扩大开放，实施创新驱动，坚持走中国特色新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化道路，加快转方式调结构促升级，加强基本公共服务体系建设，着力保障和改善民生，切实提高发展质量和效益，大力推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，实现经济持续健康发展和社会和谐稳定。

The overall requirements for the government's work this year are as follows:

Hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; take Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development as our guide; comprehensively implement the guidelines of the Eighteenth National Party Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the Eighteenth CPC Central Committee; implement the guiding principles of Comrade Xi Jinping's important speeches; adhere to the general work guideline of making progress while maintaining stability; carry out reform and innovation in all areas of economic and social development; maintain continuity and stability of our macroeconomic policies; make macro-control more forward-oriented and targeted; comprehensively deepen reform; constantly expand opening up; drive development through innovation; keep to the new path of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization with distinctive Chinese features; accelerate transformation of the growth model, structural adjustments, and industrial upgrading; strengthen the development of the basic public service system; ensure and improve people's wellbeing; raise the quality and returns of development; promote socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement; and achieve sound and sustained economic development and social harmony and stability.

今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长7.5%左右，居民消费价格涨幅控制在3.5%左右，城镇新增就业1000万人以上，城镇登记失业率控制在4.6%以内，国际收支基本平衡，努力实现居民收入和经济发展同步。加强对增长、就业、物价、国际收支等主要目标的统筹平衡。这里，着重对两个目标加以说明。

The following are the main targets we have set for China's economic and social development this year: Increase GDP by about 7.5%, keep the rise in the CPI at around 3.5%, create ten million more urban jobs, ensure that the registered urban unemployment rate does not rise above 4.6%, achieve basic balance in international payments, and increase personal incomes in step with economic development. We need to make overall planning for and balance major targets, namely, economic growth, employment, prices and international payments.

Here, I will speak more on two of the targets.

关于经济增长。我国仍是一个发展中国家，还处于社会主义初级阶段，发展是解决我国所有问题的关键，必须牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，保持合理的经济增长速度。经过认真比较、反复权衡，把增长预期目标定在7.5%左右，兼顾了需要和可能。这与全面建成小康社会的目标相衔接，有利于增强市场信心，有利于调整优化经济结构。稳增长更是为了保就业，既要满足城镇新增就业的需要，又要为农村转移劳动力进城务工留出空间，根本上是为了增加城乡居民收入、改善人民生活。实现今年经济增长目标有不少积极因素，但必须付出艰辛努力。

On the target for economic growth: China is still a developing country in the primary stage of socialism, and development remains the key to solving all our country' s problems. We must keep economic development as the central task and maintain a proper economic growth rate. On the basis of careful comparison and repeatedly weighing various factors as well as considering what is needed and what is possible, we set a growth rate target of around 7.5%. This target is in keeping with our goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and it will boost market confidence and promote economic structural adjustment. More importantly, stable growth ensures employment. We need both to meet the need to create new urban jobs and provide opportunities for rural migrant workers who come to cities for work. Ultimately, stable growth will ensure that urban and rural incomes increase and people's lives improve. There are many positive factors for fulfilling this year's target for economic growth, but to reach it, we must make arduous efforts.

关于价格水平。把居民消费价格涨幅控制在3.5％左右，考虑了去年涨价翘尾影响和今年新涨价因素，也表明我们抑制通胀、保障民生的决心和信心。我国农业连年增产，工业品总体上供大于求，粮食等物资储备充裕，进出口调节能力较强，保持物价总水平基本稳定具备许多有利条件。但今年推动价格上涨的因素不少，不能掉以轻心，必须做好物价调控，切实防止对群众生活造成大的影响。

On the target for controlling price increases: We hope to keep the rise in the CPI at around 3.5%. This is based on consideration of both the carry-over effect of last year's price rises and inflationary factors this year. It also demonstrates our resolve and confidence to keep inflation under control and ensure people's wellbeing. China's agricultural output has gone up for several years in a row; supply of manufactured goods on the whole exceeds demand; and we have substantial reserves of grain and other goods and materials. We are fully capable of adjusting supply and demand through import and export, and all these factors will help maintain basic stability in general prices. However, there are many factors driving up prices this year, so we must not lower our guard. We must keep prices under control to ensure that price increases do not exert a major negative impact on people's lives.

实现今年经济社会发展的目标任务，要把握好以下原则和政策取向。

To fulfill this year's goals for economic and social development, we should adhere to the following principles and policies:

第一，向深化改革要动力。改革是最大的红利。当前改革已进入攻坚期和深水区，必须紧紧依靠人民群众，以壮士断腕的决心、背水一战的气概，冲破思想观念的束缚，突破利益固化的藩篱，以经济体制改革为牵引，全面深化各领域改革。

First, we should create impetus by deepening reform. Reform has brought us the greatest benefits. China's reform has entered a critical stage and a deep water zone. We must rely fully on the people, break mental shackles and vested interests with great determination, and pursue economic structural reform as the key step to deepen comprehensive reform in all areas.

要从群众最期盼的领域改起，从制约经济社会发展最突出的问题改起，从社会各界能够达成共识的环节改起，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，积极推进有利于结构调整的改革，破除制约市场主体活力和要素优化配置的障碍，让全社会创造潜力充分释放，让公平正义得以彰显，让全体人民共享改革发展成果。

In carrying out reform, we need to focus on areas where the public call for reform is strongest, the most pressing problems hindering economic and social development, and links on which there is extensive public consensus. We need to ensure that the market plays the decisive role in allocating resources and make the government better play its role, vigorously advance reforms conducive to economic structural adjustment, remove constraints on market actors and efficiently allocating factors of production, fully tap the creative potential in society, promote fairness and justice, and enable everyone to share in the fruits of reform and development.

第二，保持经济运行处在合理区间。完善宏观调控政策框架，守住稳增长、保就业的下限和防通胀的上限，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。今年拟安排财政赤字13500亿元，比上年增加1500亿元，其中中央财政赤字9500亿元，由中央代地方发债4000亿元。财政赤字和国债规模随着经济总量扩大而有所增加，但赤字率稳定在2.1％，体现了财政政策的连续性。

Second, we should keep economic performance within a proper range. We will improve the macro-control policy framework, maintain a lower limit to ensure stable growth and employment and an upper limit to keep a cap on inflation, and continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. The government budget deficit for this year is projected to be 1.35 trillion yuan, an increase of 150 billion yuan over last year. The projected government budget deficit consists of 950 billion yuan of central government deficit and 400 billion yuan of provincial-level government debt in the form of treasury bonds issued by the central government on provincial-level governments' behalf. The government deficit and national debt are increasing along with the growth in the whole economy. However, the deficit rate will be kept at 2.1%, which demonstrates continuity of our fiscal policy.

货币政策要保持松紧适度，促进社会总供求基本平衡，营造稳定的货币金融环境。加强宏观审慎管理，引导货币信贷和社会融资规模适度增长。今年广义货币M2预期增长13％左右。要加强财政、货币和产业、投资等政策协同配合，做好政策储备，适时适度预调微调，确保中国经济这艘巨轮行稳致远。

We will pursue a balanced monetary policy, move toward a basic balance between overall supply and demand in society, and foster a stable monetary and financial environment. We will strengthen macro-prudential management to encourage an appropriate increase of monetary credit and nongovernmental financing. This year, M2 is forecast to grow by around 13%. We will strengthen the coordination of fiscal and monetary policies with industrial and investment policies, maintain policy options, make adjustments at an appropriate time and to an appropriate degree, and ensure smooth sailing of the giant ship of China's economy.

第三，着力提质增效升级、持续改善民生。我们追求的发展，是提高质量效益、推进转型升级、改善人民生活的发展。要在稳增长的同时，推动发展从主要依靠要素投入向更多依靠创新驱动转变，从主要依靠传统比较优势向更多发挥综合竞争优势转换，从国际产业分工中低端向中高端提升，从城乡区域不平衡向均衡协调迈进。

Third, we should work hard to raise the quality and returns of development, promote industrial upgrading and keep improving people's wellbeing. The development we seek is development that raises the quality and returns of development, promotes industrial transformation and upgrading, and improves people's lives. While maintaining steady growth, we need to shift from relying mainly on increasing input of factors of production to making development driven more by innovation, and from relying mainly on traditional comparative strengths to utilizing overall competitive advantages. We need to move up from the low to middle range of international division of labor to the middle to high range, and shift from unbalanced urban-rural development to coordinated and balanced development.

完善政绩考核评价体系，切实把各方面积极性引导到加快转方式调结构、实现科学发展上来，不断增加就业和居民收入，不断改善生态环境，使经济社会发展更有效率、更加公平、更可持续。

We will improve the system for evaluating officials' performance and get everyone involved in a common endeavor to accelerate transformation of the growth model, make structural adjustment and achieve sound development. This will steadily increase employment and personal incomes, improve the environment, and make China's economic and social development more efficient, equitable and sustainable.

三、2017年重点工作

做好今年政府工作，要以深化改革为强大动力，以调整结构为主攻方向，以改善民生为根本目的，统筹兼顾，突出重点，务求实效。

III. Major Tasks for 2017

To deliver a good performance in the work of the government this year, we need to deepen reform so as to create powerful impetus, carry out structural adjustment as our main priority, and make improving people's wellbeing our fundamental goal. We need to take a holistic approach, focus on key areas, and achieve solid progress.

(一)推动重要领域改革取得新突破。

1. Making breakthroughs in reform in important areas

改革是今年政府工作的首要任务。要以经济体制改革为重点，区别情况，分类推进，抓好牵一发而动全身的举措，力求取得实质性进展，更多释放改革红利。

Reform is the top priority for the government's work this year. We will focus on economic structural reform, advance it on different fronts in a targeted way in light of different conditions, take key measures that will have an overall impact, strive to make substantive progress and reap more benefits reform.

深入推进行政体制改革。进一步简政放权，这是政府的自我革命。今年要再取消和下放行政审批事项2OO项以上。深化投资审批制度改革，取消或简化前置性审批，充分落实企业投资自主权，推进投资创业便利化。确需设置的行政审批事项，要建立权力清单制度，一律向社会公开。清单之外的，一律不得实施审批。全面清理非行政审批事项。

We will deepen reform of the administrative system. We will further streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level governments. This is a revolution the government imposes on itself. This year, we will cancel or delegate to lower-level governments an additional 200 plus items requiring State Council review and approval. We will deepen reform of the investment approval system, abolish or simplify preliminary review and approval procedures, give businesses full power over their investment decisions, and make it easy to make investments and start businesses. We will introduce a system to list all items over which government review and approval are required and release the list to the public. No items not on the list will be subject to government review and approval. We will also comprehensively sort out items requiring nongovernmental review and approval.

基本完成省市县政府机构改革，继续推进事业单位改革。在全国实施工商登记制度改革，落实认缴登记制，由先证后照改为先照后证，由企业年检制度改为年报公示制度，让市场主体不断迸发新的活力。

We will basically complete the reform of government bodies at the provincial, municipal and county levels, and continue to reform public institutions. We will reform the business registration system nationwide and carry out registration of subscribed capital. Issuing an operating permit before a license, which was the practice in the past, will be replaced with the practice of license first, operating permit second. Annual inspections of businesses will be replaced by annual reporting to incentivize market actors.

加强事中事后监管。坚持放管并重，建立纵横联动协同管理机制，实现责任和权力同步下放、放活和监管同步到位。推广一站式审批、一个窗口办事，探索实施统一市场监管。加快社会信用体系建设，推进政府信息共享，推动建立自然人、法人统一代码，对违背市场竞争原则和侵害消费者权益的企业建立黑名单制度，让失信者寸步难行，让守信者一路畅通。

Stronger oversight will be exercised over delegated matters when they are being handled and after they have been handled. We will attach equal importance to both delegating power and strengthening oversight, establish a mechanism of coordinating management between government bodies at both the same and different levels, and ensure that both responsibility and power are delegated together and that relaxing control and strengthening oversight go hand in hand. We will expand the one-stop review and approval model and one-window services, and explore ways to conduct unified market oversight. We will move faster to put in place a social credibility system, share more government information between government departments and with the public, introduce unified codes for natural and legal persons, implement a blacklisting system for enterprises that violate market competition principles and infringe on the rights and interests of consumers, and make those who lose credibility pay the price and smooth the way for those who have credibility.

抓好财税体制改革这个重头戏。实施全面规范、公开透明的预算制度。着力把所有政府性收入纳入预算，实行全口径预算管理。各级政府预算和决算都要向社会公开，部门预算要逐步公开到基本支出和项目支出，所有财政拨款的“三公”经费都要公开，打造阳光财政，让群众看明白、能监督。

We will give high priority to reforming the fiscal and tax systems. We will institute a comprehensive, well-regulated, open and transparent budget system. We will work hard to incorporate all government revenue into the budget, and bring all revenue and expenditures under budgetary management. Governments at all levels should release their budgets and final accounts to the public, and budgets released by government bodies should progressively include details down to basic regular and project expenditures. In particular, all public spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be made public. We will ensure transparency of public finance and make it easy for people to understand and oversee it.

提高一般性转移支付比例，专项转移支付项目要减少三分之一，今后还要进一步减少。推进税收制度改革，把“营改增”试点扩大到铁路运输、邮政服务、电信等行业，清费立税，推动消费税、资源税改革，做好房地产税、环境保护税立法相关工作。进一步扩展小微企业税收优惠范围，减轻企业负担。

We will increase the proportion of general transfer payments, and cut the number of special transfer payments by one third this year and continue to cut them in coming years. We will advance the reform of the tax system by taking the following steps: Extend trials for replacing business tax with VAT to the railway transport, postal and telecommunications services industries, abolish fees and replace them with taxes, reform the excise tax and resource tax, and move ahead with legislation on a property tax and environmental protection tax. We will grant additional tax breaks to micro businesses with low profits and reduce the burden on businesses.

抓紧研究调整中央与地方事权和支出责任，逐步理顺中央与地方收入划分，保持现有财力格局总体稳定。建立规范的地方政府举债融资机制，把地方政府性债务纳入预算管理，推行政府综合财务报告制度，防范和化解债务风险。

We will work faster on ways to adjust the power and spending responsibilities between central and local governments, and progressively adjust distribution of revenue between them while keeping the current division of financial resources between them basically stable. We will establish a standard financing mechanism for local governments to issue bonds and place local government debt under budgetary management. We will implement a comprehensive government financial reporting system and guard against and defuse debt risks.

深化金融体制改革。继续推进利率市场化，扩大金融机构利率自主定价权。保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定，扩大汇率双向浮动区间，推进人民币资本项目可兑换。稳步推进由民间资本发起设立中小型银行等金融机构，引导民间资本参股、投资金融机构及融资中介服务机构。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector. We will continue to liberalize interest rates by granting financial institutions more power to set their interest rates. We will keep the renminbi exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate, balanced level, expand its floating range, and move toward renminbi convertibility under capital accounts. We will steadily promote the establishment of small and medium-sized banks and other financial institutions by private capital, and guide private capital to invest in or hold shares in financial institutions and intermediary financing services.

建立存款保险制度，健全金融机构风险处置机制。实施政策性金融机构改革。加快发展多层次资本市场，推进股票发行注册制改革，规范发展债券市场。积极发展农业保险，探索建立巨灾保险制度。

We will establish a deposit insurance system and improve the risk disposal mechanism of financial institutions. Reform in policy-based financial institutions will be carried out. We will speed up development of a multilevel capital market, advance the reform to introduce a system for stock issuance registration, and develop a well-regulated bond market. We will actively develop agricultural insurance and explore how to establish a catastrophe insurance system. We will develop inclusive finance.

促进互联网金融健康发展，完善金融监管协调机制，密切监测跨境资本流动，守住不发生系统性和区域性金融风险的底线。让金融成为一池活水，更好地浇灌小微企业、“三农”等实体经济之树。

We will promote the healthy development of Internet banking, improve the mechanism for coordinating financial oversight, keep a close watch on the cross-border flow of capital, and ensure that no systemic or regional financial risks occur. We will ensure that financial services play an active role in meeting the needs of the real economy, including small and micro businesses, agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

增强各类所有制经济活力。坚持和完善基本经济制度。优化国有经济布局和结构，加快发展混合所有制经济，建立健全现代企业制度和公司法人治理结构。完善国有资产管理体制，准确界定不同国有企业功能，推进国有资本投资运营公司试点。

We will enhance the vitality of economic entities under all forms of ownership. We will uphold and improve the basic economic system. We will improve the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector of the economy and accelerate the development of mixed-ownership economic entities. We will establish a sound modern corporate structure and corporate governance. We will improve the system for managing state-owned assets, clearly define the functions of different SOEs, and carry out trials of investing state capital in corporate operations.

完善国有资本经营预算，提高中央企业国有资本收益上缴公共财政比例。

We will improve budgeting for state capital operations and raise the percentage of earnings from state capital turned over to public finance by central government-owned enterprises.

制定非国有资本参与中央企业投资项目的办法，在金融、石油、电力、铁路、电信、资源开发、公用事业等领域，向非国有资本推出一批投资项目。制定非公有制企业进入特许经营领域具体办法。实施铁路投融资体制改革，在更多领域放开竞争性业务，为民间资本提供大显身手的舞台。完善产权保护制度，公有制经济财产权不可侵犯，非公有制经济财产权同样不可侵犯。

We will formulate measures for non-state capital to participate in investment projects of central government enterprises, and allow non-state capital to participate in a number of projects in areas such as banking, oil, electricity, railway, telecommunications, resources development and public utilities. We will formulate specific measures to permit non-public enterprise participation in franchising. We will reform the railway investment and financing system, and open competitive operations in more areas so as to create a platform for the full participation of private capital. We will improve the property rights system to ensure that property rights are inviolable in both the public and non-public sectors.

(二)开创高水平对外开放新局面。

2. Ushering in a new phase of China's opening to the outside world and ensuring its high standard performance

开放与改革相伴而生、相互促进。要构建开放型经济新体制，推动新一轮对外开放，在国际市场汪洋大海中搏击风浪，倒逼深层次改革和结构调整，加快培育国际竞争新优势。

Opening up and reform have been launched as integral parts of the same initiative as they are mutually reinforcing. We will foster a new open-economy system and advance a new round of opening up to embrace the international market. This will lead to deeper reform and structural adjustment and enable us to enhance China's ability to compete internationally.

扩大全方位主动开放。坚持积极有效利用外资，推动服务业扩大开放，打造内外资企业一视同仁、公平竞争的营商环境，使中国继续成为外商投资首选地。建设好、管理好中国上海自由贸易试验区，形成可复制可推广的体制机制，并开展若干新的试点。扩展内陆沿边开放，让广袤大地成为对外开放的热土。

We will open China wider to the outside world in all areas. We will continue to utilize foreign investment actively and efficiently, open up more service sectors to foreign capital, and level the playing field for domestic and foreign enterprises to compete on fair terms so as to ensure that China remains a top choice for foreign investment. We will ensure the successful building and management of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone so that this model can be copied and extended, and we will launch a number of new trials. We will open China's inland and border areas wider to the outside world, and turn these broad areas into hotspots for opening up.

从战略高度推动出口升级和贸易平衡发展。今年进出口总额预期增长7.5％左右。要稳定和完善出口政策，加快通关便利化改革，扩大跨境电子商务试点。实施鼓励进口政策，增加国内短缺产品进口。引导加工贸易转型升级，支持企业打造自主品牌和国际营销网络，发展服务贸易和服务外包，提升中国制造在国际分工中的地位。鼓励通信、铁路、电站等大型成套设备出口，让中国装备享誉全球。

We will make it a strategic priority to upgrade exports and promote balanced growth of foreign trade. Total imports and exports are projected to grow at around 7.5% this year. We will keep export policies stable and improve them, accelerate reform to facilitate customs clearance, and extend trials of cross-border e-commerce. We will implement policies to encourage imports, and import more products in short supply in China. We will guide the transformation and upgrading of processing trade, support businesses in creating Chinese brands and developing international marketing networks, develop service trade and undertake services outsourced by other countries, and raise the position of Chinese manufacturing in the global division of labor. We will encourage the export of complete sets of large equipment including telecommunications equipment, railways equipment, and power stations, and enhance the international reputation of Chinese equipment.

在走出去中提升竞争力。推进对外投资管理方式改革，实行以备案制为主，大幅下放审批权限。健全金融、法律、领事等服务保障，规范走出去秩序，促进产品出口、工程承包与劳务合作。抓紧规划建设丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路，推进孟中印缅、中巴经济走廊建设，推出一批重大支撑项目，加快基础设施互联互通，拓展国际经济技术合作新空间。

We will increase China's competitiveness through expanding its overseas business presence. We will carry out reform of the management of outbound investment so that such investment is mainly reported for the record, and delegate much of the review and approval power over such investment to lower-level governments. We will provide better financial, legal and consular services, ensure orderly overseas business operations, and boost the export of products, project contracting and labor services. We will intensify the planning and building of a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st century maritime Silk Road, and promote the building of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. By launching a number of major projects, we will speed up infrastructure connectivity with our neighbors, and open up new space for enhancing international economic and technologic cooperation.

统筹多双边和区域开放合作。推动服务贸易协定、政府采购协定、信息技术协定等谈判，加快环保、电子商务等新议题谈判。积极参与高标准自贸区建设，推进中美、中欧投资协定谈判，加快与韩国、澳大利亚、海湾合作委员会等自贸区谈判进程。坚持推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，实现与各国互利共赢，形成对外开放与改革发展良性互动新格局。

We will engage in bilateral, multilateral and regional opening up and cooperation in a coordinated way. We will strive to make progress in negotiations on agreements concerning trade in services, government procurement and information technology, and speed up negotiations on new areas such as environmental protection and e-commerce. We will actively participate in developing high-standard free trade areas; continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union, and accelerate free trade area negotiations with the Republic of Korea, Australia, and the Gulf Cooperation Council. We will continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, strive for mutual benefit with other countries, and ensure that opening up reinforces and is reinforced by reform and development.

(三)增强内需拉动经济的主引擎作用。

3. Making domestic demand the main engine driving growth

扩大内需是经济增长的主要动力，也是重大的结构调整。要发挥好消费的基础作用和投资的关键作用，打造新的区域经济支撑带，从需求方面施策，从供给方面发力，构建扩大内需长效机制。

Boosting domestic demand is both a major force driving economic growth and an important structural adjustment. We need to fully leverage the basic role of consumption and the key role of investment, foster new regional economic mainstay belts, stimulate both supply and demand, and establish a permanent mechanism for increasing domestic demand.

把消费作为扩大内需的主要着力点。通过增加居民收入提高消费能力，完善消费政策，培育消费热点。要扩大服务消费，支持社会力量兴办各类服务机构，重点发展养老、健康、旅游、文化等服务，落实带薪休假制度。

In working to increase domestic demand, we will focus on boosting consumption. We will enhance people's ability to consume by increasing their incomes, improve consumption policies, foster new areas of consumption and increase consumption of services. We will support nongovernmental investors in running various types of services, with the focus on elderly care, health, tourism, and culture, and implement the system of paid vacations.

要促进信息消费，实施“宽带中国”战略，加快发展第四代移动通信，推进城市百兆光纤工程和宽带乡村工程，大幅提高互联网网速，在全国推行“三网融合”，鼓励电子商务创新发展。

We will promote information consumption; implement China's broadband strategy; speed up the development of 4G mobile communications; build 100M fiber optic networks in cities and extend broadband connectivity to rural villages; greatly increase the speed of the Internet; deliver telecommunications, radio and television, and Internet services over a single broadband connection across the country; and encourage the creative development of e-commerce.

维护网络安全。要深化流通体制改革，清除妨碍全国统一市场的各种关卡，降低流通成本，促进物流配送、快递业和网络购物发展。充分释放十几亿人口蕴藏的巨大消费潜力。

We will safeguard cyber-security. We will deepen reform of distribution channels; remove all barriers to a nationwide unified market; cut distribution costs; and encourage development of logistics and delivery, express delivery services, and online shopping. We will fully tap the enormous consumption potential of more than a billion people.

把投资作为稳定经济增长的关键。加快投融资体制改革，推进投资主体多元化，再推出一批民间投资示范项目，优化投资结构，保持固定资产投资合理增长。中央预算内投资拟增加到4576亿元，重点投向保障性安居工程、农业、重大水利、中西部铁路、节能环保、社会事业等领域，发挥好政府投资“四两拨千斤”的带动作用。

We will take investment as the key to maintaining stable economic growth. We will accelerate reform of the investment and financing systems; encourage more parties to make investment; launch more demonstration projects involving private investment; improve the investment structure; and maintain proper growth in fixed-asset investment. Budgetary investment of the central government will rise to 457.6 billion yuan, which will be mainly invested in government-subsidized housing, agriculture, major water conservancy projects, railways in the central and western regions, energy conservation, environmental protection and social programs. We hope that such government investment will attract more investment in these areas from other sources.

把培育新的区域经济带作为推动发展的战略支撑。深入实施区域发展总体战略，优先推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区经济率先转型升级，加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区支持力度。

We will make developing new regional economic belts a strategic step for stimulating development. We will energetically carry out the master strategy for regional development. We will give high priority to the large-scale development of the western region; fully revitalize old industrial bases in the northeast and other parts of the country; spur the rise of the central region; vigorously support the eastern region in taking the lead in transforming and upgrading the economy; and increase support to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas.

要谋划区域发展新棋局，由东向西、由沿海向内地，沿大江大河和陆路交通干线，推进梯度发展。依托黄金水道，建设长江经济带。以海陆重点口岸为支点，形成与沿海连接的西南中南、东北、西北等经济支撑带。推进长三角地区经济一体化，深化泛珠三角区域经济合作，加强环渤海及京津冀地区经济协作。实施差别化经济政策，推动产业转移，发展跨区域大交通大流通，形成新的区域经济增长极。

We will promote a new type of regional development, and extend development in a phased way from the eastern region to the western region, from coastal areas to the interior, and along major rivers and land transportation lines. We will build a new economic development belt along the Yangtze River. We will use major coastal and border ports as fulcrums to develop economic belts that connect the coastal areas with the southwest, central south, northeast and northwest. We will promote economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta, deepen economic cooperation in the pan-Pearl River Delta, and further coordinate development in the Bohai Rim region and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. We will implement different economic policies in different regions, speed up relocation of industries, develop trans-regional transportation and goods distribution networks, and create new regional economic growth poles.

海洋是我们宝贵的蓝色国土。要坚持陆海统筹，全面实施海洋战略，发展海洋经济，保护海洋环境，坚决维护国家海洋权益，大力建设海洋强国。

The seas are our valuable national territory. We will steadfastly promote land and marine development in a coordinated way, fully implement China's marine strategy, develop the marine economy, protect the marine environment, resolutely uphold China's maritime rights and interests, and build China into a maritime power.

(四)促进农业现代化和农村改革发展。

4. Advancing agricultural modernization and rural reform and development

农业是扩内需调结构的重要领域，更是安天下稳民心的产业。要坚持把解决好“三农”问题放在全部工作的重中之重，以保障国家粮食安全和促进农民增收为核心，推进农业现代化。坚守耕地红线，提高耕地质量，增强农业综合生产能力，确保谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全，把13亿中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中。

Agriculture is important for expanding domestic demand and making structural adjustment, and it is a sector vital for ensuring China's stability and maintaining public confidence. We must make doing a good job in our work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers the number one priority in all our endeavors and accelerate agricultural modernization in order to ensure China's food security and increase farmers' incomes. We will make sure that China's cultivated land area does not fall below the red line of 120 million hectares. We will improve the quality of cultivated land, increase overall agricultural production capacity, and guarantee our basic self-sufficiency of cereal grains and absolute grain security. In this way, we will have full control over the food supply of China's 1.3 billion people.

强化农业支持保护政策。提高小麦、稻谷最低收购价格，继续执行玉米、油菜籽、食糖临时收储政策。探索建立农产品目标价格制度，市场价格过低时对生产者进行补贴，过高时对低收入消费者进行补贴。农业新增补贴向粮食等重要农产品、新型农业经营主体、主产区倾斜。增加对粮油猪等生产大县的奖励补助，扶持牛羊肉生产。发挥深松整地对增产的促进作用，今年启动1亿亩试点。统筹整合涉农资金。不管财力多么紧张，都要确保农业投入只增不减。

We will strengthen policies for supporting and protecting agriculture. We will raise the minimum purchase prices of wheat and rice, and continue to implement the policy on purchasing and stockpiling corn, canola seeds and sugar on an ad hoc basis. We will consider the introduction of a system of guaranteed base prices for agricultural products, under which subsidies will be given to producers when market prices are too low and to low-income consumers when market prices are too high. Increases in agricultural subsidies will be mainly provided to support the production of grain and other major agricultural products, new types of agricultural businesses and major agricultural regions. More rewards and subsidies will be given to major counties that produce grain, canola seed or hogs, and support will also be provided for beef and mutton production. We will improve the subsoil of farmland to promote the increase in agricultural output, and carry out a trial this year on 6.67 million hectares of farmland. Funds for agricultural development will be merged and allocated in a coordinated way. Even though our financial resources are strained, we must ensure that spending on agriculture always increases.

夯实农业农村发展基础。国家集中力量建设一批重大水利工程，今年拟安排中央预算内水利投资7OO多亿元，支持引水调水、骨干水源、江河湖泊治理、高效节水灌溉等重点项目。各地要加强中小型水利项目建设，解决好用水“最后一公里”问题。加快建成一批旱涝保收高标准农田，抓紧培育一批重要优良品种，研发推广一批新型高效农业机械。

We will strengthen the foundation of agricultural and rural development. Investment will be concentrated on building a number of major water conservancy projects. Over 70 billion yuan will be allocated from the central government budget this year to fund major projects to divert water, protect key water sources, harness rivers and lakes, and develop efficient water-saving irrigation. All local governments need to give higher priority to building small and medium-sized water conservancy projects and solve the "last-kilometer" problem of farmland not being connected with main irrigation channels. Efforts will be sped up to increase the acreage of high-standard farmland that produces good yields in times of drought or excessive rain. We will work harder to breed important superior crop varieties, and develop and extend the use of new types of efficient agricultural machinery.

完善农村水电路气信等基础设施，改造农村危房260万户，改建农村公路20万公里。高度重视农村留守儿童、妇女、老人和“空心村”问题。今年再解决6000万农村人口的饮水安全问题，经过今明两年努力，要让所有农村居民都能喝上干净的水。

We will improve rural infrastructure such as roads, telecommunications services, and water, electricity and methane supply. A total of 2.6 million rundown rural houses will be rebuilt and 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be upgraded. We will give high priority to resolving problems facing children, women and older people who are left behind in rural villages by rural migrant workers working in cities. Safe drinking water will be made available to another 60 million rural residents. Through hard work this year and next, we must provide safe drinking water to all rural residents.

积极推进农村改革。坚持和完善农村基本经营制度，赋予农民更多财产权利。保持农村土地承包关系长久不变，抓紧土地承包经营权及农村集体建设用地使用权确权登记颁证工作，引导承包地经营权有序流转，慎重稳妥进行农村土地制度改革试点。

We will vigorously push forward rural reform. We will adhere to and improve the basic rural management system and grant farmers more property rights. We will ensure that rural land contract relations will long remain unchanged, and promptly determine, register and certify the rights to contracted use of land and the use of collective land for construction purposes in rural areas. We will guide the orderly transfer of contracted land-use rights and prudently carry out trials to reform the rural land system.

坚持家庭经营基础性地位，培育专业大户、家庭农场、农民合作社、农业企业等新型农业经营主体，发展多种形式适度规模经营。完善集体林权制度改革。加快国有农牧林场改革。健全农业社会化服务体系，推进供销合作社综合改革试点。农村改革要从实际出发，试点先行，切实尊重农民意愿，坚决维护农民合法权益。

We will maintain household operations as the basis; cultivate new types of agricultural businesses, such as large and specialized family businesses, family farms, farmer cooperatives, and agribusinesses; and develop large-scale agricultural businesses of various types. We will train a new type of professional farmers. We will improve tenure reform for collective forests and accelerate the reform of state-owned farms, grazing land and forestry farms. We will improve commercial agricultural services and carry out trials of comprehensive reform of rural supply and marketing cooperatives. In carrying out rural reform, we need to base ourselves on actual conditions, conduct trials first, fully respect farmers' wishes, and steadfastly protect their legitimate rights and interests.

创新扶贫开发方式。加快推进集中连片特殊困难地区区域发展与扶贫攻坚。国家加大对跨区域重大基础设施建设和经济协作的支持，加强生态保护和基本公共服务。地方要优化整合扶贫资源，实行精准扶贫，确保扶贫到村到户。引导社会力量参与扶贫事业。今年再减少农村贫困人口1OOO万人以上。我们要继续向贫困宣战，决不让贫困代代相传。

We will explore new ways to alleviate poverty through development. We will move faster to promote development of contiguous poor areas and reduce poverty there. The central government will increase support for major trans-regional infrastructure projects and economic coordination, strengthen ecological preservation and improve public services. Local governments need to merge poverty alleviation resources to make better use of them and take targeted measures to ensure that assistance reaches poverty-stricken villages and households. We will guide nongovernmental forces to participate in poverty alleviation. This year, we will lift more than ten million people out of poverty. We will continue to fight poverty and prevent poverty from being passed to future generations.

(五)推进以人为核心的新型城镇化。

5. Carrying out a new type of people-centered urbanization

城镇化是现代化的必由之路，是破除城乡二元结构的重要依托。要健全城乡发展一体化体制机制，坚持走以人为本、四化同步、优化布局、生态文明、传承文化的新型城镇化道路，遵循发展规律，积极稳妥推进，着力提升质量。今后一个时期，着重解决好现有“三个1亿人”问题，促进约1亿农业转移人口落户城镇，改造约1亿人居住的城镇棚户区和城中村，引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。

Urbanization is the sure route to modernization and an important basis for integrating the urban and rural structures. We must improve the system and mechanisms for integrating rural and urban development and embark on a new path of urbanization. This new type of urbanization should have the following features: putting people first; integrating the development of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization; improving the spatial layout; protecting the ecological environment; and carrying forward Chinese culture. We must follow the natural law concerning urbanization, carry it out actively and prudently, and work harder to raise its quality. For some time to come, we will focus on three tasks, each concerning 100 million people: granting urban residency to around 100 million rural people who have moved to cities, rebuilding rundown city areas and villages inside cities where around 100 million people live, and guiding the urbanization of around 100 million rural residents of the central and western regions in cities there.

有序推进农业转移人口市民化。推动户籍制度改革，实行不同规模城市差别化落户政策。把有能力、有意愿并长期在城镇务工经商的农民工及其家属逐步转为城镇居民。对未落户的农业转移人口，建立居住证制度。使更多进城务工人员随迁子女纳入城镇教育、实现异地升学，实施农民工职业技能提升计划。稳步推进城镇基本公共服务常住人口全覆盖，使农业转移人口和城镇居民共建共享城市现代文明。

We will grant urban residency in an orderly manner to rural people who have moved to cities. We will reform the household registration system, and implement a household registration policy with different eligibility requirements for people of different conditions, and progressively grant urban residency to rural migrant workers and their families who are both willing and able to stay in cities and towns where they have had jobs or done business for a long time. We will introduce a residence permit system for rural people in urban areas who have not yet gained urban residency. More children of rural migrant workers living with their parents in cities will be entitled to go to school there, including secondary school and college, and we will provide vocational skills training to rural migrant workers. We will steadily extend basic public services to fully cover the permanent population of cities and towns so that the rural people who live in them can contribute to the development of modern urban life and enjoy it together with the urban people.

加大对中西部地区新型城镇化的支持。提高产业发展和集聚人口能力，促进农业转移人口就近从业。加快推进交通、水利、能源、市政等基础设施建设，增强中西部地区城市群和城镇发展后劲。优化东部地区城镇结构，进一步提升城镇化质量和水平。

We will increase support for a new type of urbanization in the central and western regions. We will help their industries develop and attract people and encourage rural migrant workers in the two regions to find employment in local cities and towns. We will speed up development of infrastructure including transportation, water conservancy, energy and municipal services in the two regions and make development of city clusters and towns there more sustainable. We will also improve the structure of cities and towns in the eastern region and raise the quality and standard of urbanization there.

加强城镇化管理创新和机制建设。要更大规模加快棚户区改造，决不能一边高楼林立，一边棚户连片。

We will strengthen management innovation and institutional development pertaining to urbanization. We will expand the rebuilding of rundown urban areas so that cities will take on a new look instead of having stretches of rundown areas existing side by side with high-rise buildings.

以国家新型城镇化规划为指导，做好相关规划的统筹衔接。提高城镇建设用地效率，优先发展公共交通，保护历史文化和自然景观，避免千城一面。加强小城镇和村庄规划管理。探索建立农业转移人口市民化成本分担、多元化城镇建设投融资等机制。通过提高建设和管理水平，让我们的城镇各具特色、宜业宜居，更加充满活力。

We will make plans for urbanization in a coordinated way in accordance with the national guidelines for developing a new type of urbanization. We will use urban construction land more efficiently, give high priority to developing public transport, protect sites of historical and cultural interest and natural landscapes, and avoid making cities and towns all look the same. We will strengthen planning management of villages and small towns. We will explore ways to share costs associated with granting urban residency to rural people who have moved to cities and diversify investment and financing for urban development. We will better develop and manage cities and towns so that they are livable and have unique features, good working conditions and more vitality.

(六)以创新支撑和引领经济结构优化升级。

6. Using innovation to support and lead economic structural improvement and upgrading

创新是经济结构调整优化的原动力。要把创新摆在国家发展全局的核心位置，促进科技与经济社会发展紧密结合，推动我国产业向全球价值链高端跃升。

Innovation is the motive force for adjusting and upgrading the economic structure. We need to make innovation the core of China's development endeavors, promote the full integration of science and technology with economic and social development, and elevate China's industries to the high range of the global value chain.

加快科技体制改革。强化企业在技术创新中的主体地位，鼓励企业设立研发机构，牵头构建产学研协同创新联盟。全面落实企业研发费用加计扣除等普惠性措施。把国家自主创新示范区股权激励、科技成果处置权收益权改革等试点政策，扩大到更多科技园区和科教单位。

We will accelerate reform of the science and technology management system. We will strengthen the leading role businesses play in making technological innovation, encourage enterprises to set up research institutes, take the lead in establishing industry-academia-research collaboration in making innovation, and comprehensively implement preferential policies such as extra deductions for businesses' R&D expenses. More science parks and scientific and educational institutions will be covered by the trial reform policy that gives national innovation demonstration zones equity-based incentives for making innovation and the right to transfer and profit from their scientific and technological advances.

加大政府对基础研究、前沿技术、社会公益技术、重大共性关键技术的投入，健全公共科技服务平台，完善科技重大专项实施机制。改进与加强科研项目和资金管理，实行国家创新调查和科技报告制度，鼓励科研人员创办企业。加强知识产权保护和运用。深入实施人才发展规划，统筹重大人才工程，鼓励企业建立研发人员报酬与市场业绩挂钩机制，使人才的贡献与回报相匹配，让各类人才脱颖而出、人尽其才、才尽其用。

We will increase government spending on basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, technologies for the public good and key standard technologies, and we will improve public science and technology service platforms and the mechanism for launching major science and technology programs. We will improve and strengthen the management of research projects and their funding, introduce the system of national innovation surveying and science and technology reporting, and encourage researchers and engineers to set up businesses. The protection and use of intellectual property rights will be strengthened. We will work to propagate scientific knowledge and foster a scientific spirit. We will fully implement the talent development plan, coordinate major programs for nurturing and attracting talent, and encourage the establishment of a mechanism to link researchers' pay with the market value of their research so that researchers' contributions are matched by their rewards. This will enable outstanding individuals of various types to come forth in large numbers, and their talent will be fully unleashed.

产业结构调整要依靠改革，进退并举。进，要更加积极有为。优先发展生产性服务业，推进服务业综合改革试点和示范建设，促进文化创意和设计服务与相关产业融合发展，加快发展保险、商务、科技等服务业。促进信息化与工业化深度融合，推动企业加快技术改造、提升精准管理水平，完善设备加速折旧等政策，增强传统产业竞争力。设立新兴产业创业创新平台，在新一代移动通信、集成电路、大数据、先进制造、新能源、新材料等方面赶超先进，引领未来产业发展。

In making industrial structural adjustment, we will rely on reform and support growth in some sectors while curbing excess and outdated production capacity in others. We will support growth more vigorously. We will give high priority to developing production-oriented service industries, and carry out pilot and demonstration projects to advance the comprehensive reform of the service industry. We will integrate the development of cultural and creative industries as well as design services with related industries, and speed up the development of insurance, business, and science and technology services. We will promote full integration of IT application with industrialization, encourage businesses to accelerate technological upgrading, make management more precise, improve the policy for accelerating equipment depreciation, and make traditional industries more competitive. We will build a platform for supporting business startups and innovation in emerging industries. We will strive to catch up with and overtake advanced countries in areas of new-generation mobile communications, integrated circuits, big data, advanced manufacturing, new energy and new materials, and to guide the development of emerging industries.

退，要更加主动有序。坚持通过市场竞争实现优胜劣汰，鼓励企业兼并重组。对产能严重过剩行业，强化环保、能耗、技术等标准，清理各种优惠政策，消化一批存量，严控新上增量。今年要淘汰钢铁2700万吨、水泥4200万吨、平板玻璃3500万标准箱等落后产能，确保“十二五”淘汰任务提前一年完成，真正做到压下来，决不再反弹。

We will curb excess and outdated production capacity in a more proactive and orderly manner. We will let market competition determine which businesses survive, and encourage business acquisitions and reorganizations. In industries with severe overcapacity, we will strengthen environmental protection, energy consumption, and technology standards; abolish preferential policies; absorb some excess production capacity and strictly control increases in production capacity. This year, we will reduce outdated production capacity of 27 million metric tons of steel, 42 million metric tons of cement and 35 million standard containers of plate glass. We will ensure that the target for reducing outdated production capacity set in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is met one year ahead of schedule, and make sure that these reductions are permanent and such production capacity does not increase again.

(七)加强教育、卫生、文化等社会建设。

7. Accelerating the development of education, health, culture and other social programs

繁荣发展社会事业是促进社会公正、增进人民福祉的有效途径。要深化社会体制改革，以更大的投入和更有力的举措，推动经济社会协调发展。

Boosting the development of social programs is an effective way to promote social justice and increase people's happiness. We need to deepen reform of the social system and promote coordinated economic and social development by increasing spending and adopting stronger measures.

促进教育事业优先发展、公平发展。继续加大教育资源向中西部和农村倾斜，促进义务教育均衡发展。全面改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件。贫困地区农村学生上重点高校人数要再增长10％以上，使更多农家子弟有升学机会。加强农村特别是边远贫困地区教师队伍建设，扩大优质教育资源覆盖面，改善贫困地区农村儿童营养状况。

We will give high priority to developing education and making it more equitable. We will continue to allocate more education resources to the central and western regions and rural areas and promote the balanced development of compulsory education. We will comprehensively improve conditions in poorly built and run schools providing compulsory education in poor areas. The number of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities will again be increased by more than 10%, and this will give rural children more opportunity to receive higher education. We will raise the competence of rural teachers, especially in poor and border areas, expand the reach of quality education resources and improve the nutrition of children in poor rural areas.

发展学前教育。实施特殊教育提升计划。继续增加中央财政教育投入，提高使用效率并强化监督。深化教育综合改革，积极稳妥改革考试招生制度，扩大省级政府教育统筹权和高校办学自主权，鼓励发展民办学校。加快构建以就业为导向的现代职业教育体系。我们要为下一代提供良好的教育，努力使每一个孩子有公平的发展机会。

We will develop preschool education and implement the plan to improve special education. We will continue to increase central government spending on education, use it more effectively and strengthen oversight over its use. We will deepen comprehensive education reform and actively and prudently reform the school examination and enrollment systems. We will expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, give institutions of higher learning more decision-making power, and encourage the development of private schools. We will accelerate the establishment of an employment-oriented modern vocational education system. We will provide quality education to the next generation and work hard to ensure that all children have an equal opportunity to develop.

推动医改向纵深发展。巩固全民基本医保，通过改革整合城乡居民基本医疗保险制度。完善政府、单位和个人合理分担的基本医疗保险筹资机制，城乡居民基本医保财政补助标准提高到人均320元。在全国推行城乡居民大病保险。加强城乡医疗救助、疾病应急救助。县级公立医院综合改革试点扩大到1000个县，覆盖农村5亿人口。

We will deepen medical reform. We will consolidate the national basic medical insurance system and integrate the basic medical insurance system for rural residents with that for non-working urban residents through reform. We will improve the mechanism for the government, employer and employee to share the costs of basic medical insurance. The annual government subsidy for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased to 320 yuan per person. The major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents will be introduced nationwide. We will strengthen urban and rural medical assistance and emergency assistance for disease treatment. Trial comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals will be extended to cover 1,000 counties and 500 million rural residents. We will expand trial comprehensive reforms of urban public hospitals.

扩大城市公立医院综合改革试点。破除以药补医，理顺医药价格，创新社会资本办医机制。巩固完善基本药物制度和基层医疗卫生机构运行新机制。健全分级诊疗体系，加强全科医生培养，推进医师多点执业，让群众能够就近享受优质医疗服务。

We will abolish the practice of compensating for low medical service charges with high drug prices, adjust the prices of medical care and drugs, and create a mechanism for running hospitals by nongovernmental capital. We will consolidate and improve the system of using basic medicines and the new mechanisms for operating community-level clinics. We will improve the system of tiered medical services, strengthen training of general practitioners, and allow doctors to work in more than one medical institution so that people have easy access to quality medical services.

构建和谐医患关系。提高重大传染病、慢性病和职业病、地方病防治能力，人均基本公共服务经费补助标准增加到35元。扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展。坚持计划生育基本国策不动摇，落实一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子政策。

We will build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.

We will improve our capacity to prevent and treat major communicable and chronic diseases and occupational and endemic diseases. The government subsidy for basic public health services will be increased to 35 yuan per person. We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities. We will unwaveringly adhere to the basic state policy of family planning and will implement the policy that allows married couples to have two children if one parent is a single child.

为了人民的身心健康和家庭幸福，我们一定要坚定不移推进医改，用中国式办法解决好这个世界性难题。

We must resolutely press ahead with medical reform and work out a Chinese solution to this global problem so that the Chinese people can enjoy a happier and healthier life.

文化是民族的血脉。要培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，加强公民道德和精神文明建设。继续深化文化体制改革，完善文化经济政策，增强文化整体实力和竞争力。促进基本公共文化服务标准化均等化，发展文化艺术、资讯出版、广播电影电视、档案等事业，繁荣发展哲学社会科学，倡导全民阅读。

Culture is the lifeblood of a nation. We should foster and practice core socialist values, strengthen civic morality, and advance cultural and ethical progress. We will continue to deepen reform of the cultural sector, improve policies pertaining to the cultural economy, and enhance China's overall cultural strength and competitiveness. We will deliver basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way. We will develop culture and arts, the press and publishing, and radio, television and film, and run archives well. We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences. We will encourage the people to read.

提升文化产业发展水平，培育和规范文化市场。传承和弘扬优秀传统文化，重视保护文物。加快文化走出去，发展文化贸易，加强国际传播能力建设，提升国家文化软实力。发展全民健身、竞技体育和体育产业。我国是历史悠久的文明古国，也一定能建成现代文化强国。

We will enhance the development of cultural industries and foster a well-regulated market for cultural goods. We will carry forward China's cultural traditions and work to protect cultural relics. We will accelerate the spread of Chinese culture overseas, develop cultural trade, strengthen our international broadcasting capabilities, and enhance China's cultural soft power. We will develop fitness activities for everyone, competitive sports and the sports sector. China has an ancient civilization with a long history, and it can certainly develop a strong modern culture.

推进社会治理创新。注重运用法治方式，实行多元主体共同治理。健全村务公开、居务公开和民主管理制度，更好发挥社会组织在公共服务和社会治理中的作用。加强应急管理，提高公共安全和防灾救灾减灾能力，做好地震、气象、测绘等工作。改革信访工作制度，及时就近化解社会矛盾。加强行政复议工作。

We will promote innovation in social governance. We will focus on law-based governance and involve all parties in social governance. We will make village and community affairs transparent and strengthen democratic oversight over their management, and get social organizations to play a bigger role in delivering public services and exercising social governance. We will strengthen emergency management, and become better able to ensure public safety, prevent and mitigate disasters and provide disaster relief. We will do our work related to earthquake, meteorology, surveying and mapping well. We will reform the system of handling public complaints made in the form of letters and visits and promptly resolve social problems as they arise. Administrative review will be strengthened.

深入开展普法教育，加大法律援助。加强社会治安综合治理，坚决打击暴力恐怖犯罪活动，维护国家安全，形成良好社会秩序。

We will strengthen education in the general knowledge of law and increase legal aid. We will strengthen comprehensive maintenance of public order, crack down hard on violent crimes of terrorism, safeguard China's national security, create good public order, and work together to ensure public security in China.

(八)统筹做好保障和改善民生工作。

8. Making coordinated efforts to ensure and improve people's wellbeing

民惟邦本，本固邦宁。政府工作的根本目的，是让全体人民过上好日子。要坚持建机制、补短板、兜底线，保障群众基本生活，不断提高人民生活水平和质量。

The people are the foundation of a nation, and a nation can enjoy peace only when its foundation is strong. The fundamental goal of a government's work is to ensure that everyone lives a good life. We will continue to build institutions, improve weak links, help those in need of subsistence assistance, ensure everyone has access to basic necessities, and improve people's living standards and quality of life.

就业是民生之本。坚持实施就业优先战略和更加积极的就业政策，优化就业创业环境，以创新引领创业，以创业带动就业。今年高校毕业生将达727万人，要开发更多就业岗位，实施不间断的就业创业服务，提高大学生就业创业比例。加大对城镇就业困难人员帮扶力度，确保“零就业”家庭至少有一人就业，做好淘汰落后产能职工安置和再就业工作。统筹农村转移劳动力、退役军人等就业工作。努力实现更加充分、更高质量就业，使劳动者生活更加体面、更有尊严。

Employment is the basis of people's wellbeing. We will steadfastly implement the strategy of giving top priority to employment and carry out a more energetic employment policy, improve the employment and business startup environment, and foster business startups in an innovative way so they create more jobs. With 7.27 million college students graduating this year, we need to create more jobs, provide non-stop employment and business startup services, and increase the rate of employment and business startup for college graduates. We will increase support for urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, ensure that at least one member in every zero-employment family gets a job, and do a good job in resettling and providing reemployment to workers laid off due to the shutdown of outdated production facilities. We will provide coordinated employment services to rural migrant workers and demobilized service personnel. We will work hard to create more rewarding and higher quality jobs so that people who work can live a decent and dignified life.

收入是民生之源。要深化收入分配体制改革，努力缩小收入差距。健全企业职工工资决定和正常增长机制，推进工资集体协商，构建和谐劳动关系。加强和改进国有企业负责人薪酬管理。改革机关事业单位工资制度，在事业单位逐步推行绩效工资，健全医务人员等适应行业特点的薪酬制度，完善艰苦边远地区津贴增长机制。多渠道增加低收入者收入，不断扩大中等收入者比重。使城乡居民收入与经济同步增长，广大人民群众普遍感受到得实惠。

Income is the source of people's wellbeing. We will deepen reform of the income distribution system and strive to narrow the income gap. We will improve the mechanism for setting and increasing salaries of enterprise employees on a regular basis, encourage collective wage bargaining and make labor relations harmonious. We will strengthen and improve management of executive compensation in SOEs. We will implement salary reform in government bodies and public institutions, progressively implement a performance-based salary system in public institutions, improve the salary system for medical personnel so that it is compatible with their profession, and improve the mechanism for increasing allowances for working in hardship and remote areas. We will increase the income of low-income groups through multiple channels and steadily increase the proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population. We will increase both urban and rural incomes in step with economic development so that everyone benefits.

社保是民生之基。重点是推进社会救助制度改革，继续提高城乡低保水平，全面实施临时救助制度，为特殊困难群众基本生活提供保障，为人们创业奋斗解除后顾之忧。建立统一的城乡居民基本养老保险制度，完善与职工养老保险的衔接办法，改革机关事业单位养老保险制度，鼓励发展企业年金、职业年金和商业保险。完善失业保险和工伤保险制度。落实社会救助和保障标准与物价水平挂钩联动机制。发展老龄事业，保障妇女权益，关心青少年发展，加强未成年人保护和困境家庭保障，做好残疾人基本公共服务和残疾预防，支持慈善事业发展。让每一个身处困境者都能得到社会关爱和温暖。

Social security is the foundation of people's wellbeing. We will focus on advancing reform of the social assistance system, continue to raise subsistence allowances to rural and urban residents, implement the system of providing temporary assistance nationwide, provide safeguards to enable extremely vulnerable groups to meet their basic living needs, and improve social services so that people can focus on work. We will establish a unified basic old-age insurance system for both rural and non-working urban residents and improve the way it is linked with the old-age insurance system for working people. We will reform the old-age insurance system for government bodies and public institutions, and encourage the development of enterprise annuities, occupational annuities and commercial insurance. We will improve the system of unemployment insurance and insurance against workplace injury. We will implement a mechanism for increasing social assistance and social security benefits when the cost of living rises. We will develop services for the elderly, protect women's rights and interests, care for the wellbeing of young people, better protect minors, meet the basic living needs of families in straits, provide adequate basic public services to the disabled and effectively prevent disabilities, and support the development of charities. We will make sure that everyone in need receives the support of society and feels its warmth.

完善住房保障机制。以全体人民住有所居为目标，坚持分类指导、分步实施、分级负责，加大保障性安居工程建设力度，今年新开工700万套以上，其中各类棚户区470万套以上，加强配套设施建设。提高大城市保障房比例。推进公租房和廉租房并轨运行。创新政策性住房投融资机制和工具，采取市场化运作方式，为保障房建设提供长期稳定、成本适当的资金支持。各级政府要增加财政投入，提高建设质量，保证公平分配，完善准入退出机制，年内基本建成保障房480万套，让翘首以盼的住房困难群众早日迁入新居。针对不同城市情况分类调控，增加中小套型商品房和共有产权住房供应，抑制投机投资性需求，促进房地产市场持续健康发展。

We will improve the mechanism for providing adequate housing. To achieve the goal of ensuring housing for all, we will build more government-subsidized housing in accordance with the principle of giving targeted guidance, carrying out step-by-step implementation, and having governments at different levels assume their respective responsibilities.This year, construction of over seven million government-subsidized housing units will begin, more than 4.7 million of which will be in rundown urban areas, and construction of related supporting infrastructure will be strengthened. We will increase the proportion of government-subsidized housing in large cities. We will integrate the operation of public and low-cost rental housing. We will improve mechanisms and instruments for securing investment and financing for policy-related housing and use market forces to provide long-term, steady funding support to cover the costs of building government-subsidized housing. Governments at all levels should increase spending on building government-subsidized housing, improve its quality, ensure its fair allotment, and improve the mechanism governing its allotment and re-allotment. By the end of this year, 4.8 million units of such housing should be basically completed so that those in urgent need of housing can move in. We will regulate housing differently in different cities in light of local conditions, increase the supply of small and medium-sized commercial and joint-ownership housing units, curb demand for housing for speculation and investment purposes, and promote sustained and healthy development of the real estate market.

人命关天，安全生产这根弦任何时候都要绷紧。要严格执行安全生产法律法规，全面落实安全生产责任制，坚决遏制重特大安全事故发生。大力整顿和规范市场秩序，继续开展专项整治，严厉打击制售假冒伪劣行为。建立从生产加工到流通消费的全过程监管机制、社会共治制度和可追溯体系，健全从中央到地方直至基层的食品药品安全监管体制。严守法规和标准，用最严格的监管、最严厉的处罚、最严肃的问责，坚决治理餐桌上的污染，切实保障“舌尖上的安全”。

There is nothing more important than human life, so we must always give our full attention to workplace safety. We must strictly enforce laws and regulations on workplace safety, fully implement the responsibility system for it, and resolutely prevent the occurrence of major and very serious work-related accidents. We will energetically improve and maintain market order, continue to carry out targeted clean-up campaigns, and crack down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or shoddy goods. We will institute a monitoring mechanism with full public participation which oversees the whole process from production and processing to distribution and consumption and can trace problems to the source. We will improve safety monitoring systems for food and drugs with the involvement of both central and local governments and participation of community bodies. We will strictly follow laws and regulations and comply with standards, and apply the strictest possible oversight, punishment and accountability to prevent and control food contamination and ensure that every bite of food we eat is safe.