BBC撒切尔夫人生平讣文: 上得厅堂, 下得厨房

Housewife-politician

是政治家也是家庭主妇

Thatcher became shadow environment secretary but, angered by what she saw as Heath's U-turns on Conservative economic policy, stood against him for the Tory leadership in 1975.

撒切尔夫人随后出任影子内阁环境事务大臣。出于对希思的保守经济政策大转弯的不满，1975年她向希思的保守党领袖地位发起挑战。

When she went into Heath's office to tell him her decision, he did not even bother to look up. "You'll lose," he said. "Good day to you."

当她走进希思办公室告诉他她的决定时，希思甚至连头都没抬。“你肯定会输，”希思说。“祝你好运。”

To everyone's surprise, she defeated Heath on the first ballot, forcing his resignation, and she saw off Willie Whitelaw on the second ballot to become the first woman to lead a major British political party.

出乎所有人的意料，她在第一轮中就击败了希思，希思被迫辞职。她又在第二轮投票中压倒了威廉•怀特劳，成为英国主要政党的第一位女性领袖。

She quickly began to make her mark. A 1976 speech criticising the repressive policies of the Soviet Union led to a Russian newspaper dubbing her "the Iron Lady," a title which gave her much personal pleasure.

她很快就出了名。1976年，撒切尔夫人在一次演讲中批评苏联的压制性政策，一家俄文报纸给她起了个“铁娘子”的称号，这一称号给撒切尔本人带来不少欢乐。

Adopting the persona of a housewife-politician who knew what inflation meant to ordinary families, she challenged the power of the trades unions whose almost constant industrial action peaked in the so-called "winter of discontent" in 1979.

兼具家庭主妇和政治家角色的撒切尔夫人，很清楚通货膨胀对普通家庭意味着什么，她向工会的权力提出了挑战。而在1979年，工会持续的罢工行动在所谓的“不满的冬天”达到了高潮。

As the Callaghan government tottered, the Conservatives rolled out a poster campaign showing a queue of supposedly unemployed people under the slogan "Labour Isn't Working".

卡拉汉政府举步维艰，保守党趁机展开一场海报宣传活动，让一群貌似失业的工人打出“工党不行了”的口号。

Jim Callaghan lost a vote of confidence on 28 March 1979. Mrs Thatcher's no-nonsense views struck a chord with many voters and the Conservatives won the ensuing general election.

1979年3月28日，詹姆斯•卡拉汉因一票之差未通过不信任动议。而撒切尔夫人的实用论引起了很多投票者的共鸣，保守党最终赢得了接下来的大选。

Margaret Thatcher, who has died following a stroke, was one of the most influential political figures of the 20th Century.

撒切尔夫人，20世纪最有影响力的政治人物之一，在2013年4月8日，因中风不幸逝世。

Her legacy had a profound effect upon the policies of her successors, both Conservative and Labour, while her radical and sometimes confrontational approach defined her 11-year period at No 10.

她深深影响了她之后的包括保守党和工党在内的历届英国首相。这样一位激进的，有时甚至带有攻击性的“铁娘子”担任了长达11年之久的英国首相。

Her term in office saw thousands of ordinary voters gaining a stake in society, buying their council houses and eagerly snapping up shares in the newly privatised industries such as British Gas and BT.

她在任职期间推动社会改革，成千上万的英国普通选民购买了政府公屋，抢购了诸如英国天然气和英国电信等新近私有化行业的股份。

But her rejection of consensus politics made her a divisive figure and opposition to her policies and her style of government led eventually to rebellion inside her party and unrest on the streets.

但她对舆论政治的排斥使她备受争议，同时她的政策也招致反对。最终她所领导的政党内部反声一片，社会也混乱不堪。