纽约中学为女生发放紧急避孕药

纽约市卫生部门在13所公立中学推出一个名为“青少年与全面健康”的试点项目，允许这些学校为女生发放紧急避孕药，希望以此降低青少年怀孕率。纽约也因此成为美国首个为学生发放处方紧急避孕药的城市。该项目试点学校多选在没有医疗中心的贫困地区，学校会给家长寄送一封说明信，如果家长在一个月内没有回复就表示同意让自己的孩子参与该项目。到目前为止，仅有1-2%的家长表示放弃参与。该试点项目会在今后继续扩大范围，直到覆盖纽约市内所有公立中学。据纽约市卫生局介绍，去年纽约市17岁以下的女孩中有7000人怀孕，90%都是意外受孕；这其中有64%做了流产，约有2200名女孩子在17岁时就当了妈妈。

The pilot program that allows teens to access the contraceptive drug Plan B in 13 New York City schools -- perhaps the first of its kind in the United States -- may be eventually implemented citywide.

According to the city's Board of Health, parents can "opt out" of the program, but only 1 to 2 percent has chosen to do so.

"The proof is in the pudding," said health department spokesman Chanel Caraway. "Overall, this suggests that parents are OK with the service being available to their children."

Last year, when the plan was implemented, about 4.7 percent of the 12,000 girls enrolled in those schools were given the prescription drug, according to the Board of Health. Students ranged in age from 14 to 18.

This year, the program was expanded from five to 13 schools, and Caraway said they intend to continue expanding to eventually cover all of the city's public schools.

Plan B, also known as the "morning after" pill, works in a similar way to birth control pills, except it is taken after sex to prevent an unplanned pregnancy, according to its manufacturer Teva Pharmaceuticals. The pill should be taken as soon as possible within 72 hours of unprotected sex or birth control failure.

Plan B should not "affect or terminate" an existing pregnancy, according to the company's advertising.

New York City's pilot program, Connecting Adolescents To Comprehensive Health or CATCH, is aimed at stemming the teen pregnancy rate, which causes many girls to leave school.

The CATCH program targets selected schools in poorer districts without health centers.

Parents are sent a letter informing them of the availability of contraception. If they do not check a box telling the school not to distribute contraceptives to their child, the student may access the drugs without permission.

"We wait about a month to give parents a chance to read the letter and opt out," said Caraway. "After that, any student at one of these schools can get emergency contraception or a pregnancy test if they feel they may be pregnant or have had unprotected sex."

Students have long had access to condoms in the city schools.

Last year, Department of Health doctors prescribed Plan B to 567 students. Another 580 students received hormonal birth control pills. This fall, teens will also have access to Depo-Provera, an injectable form of birth control.

According to the Board of Health, 7,000 girls under age 17 got pregnant last year throughout New York City and 90 percent were unplanned. Of those, 64 percent were aborted. About 2,200 teens became mothers by age 17.