【北师大版】2016届高三英语一轮复习题库 必修4 Unit 11《The Media》

　　Unit 11　The Media

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　Are you feeling blue？An American study suggests that being surrounded by happy friends and neighbors could have more of an effect on your happiness than money.That is the finding of researchers from Harvard University and the University of California at San Diego.

　　Nicholas Christakis and James Fowler studied the emoti­onal health of more than four thousand seven hundred people.They used information from the Framingham Heart Study. That study began sixty years ago in the American community of Framingham ，Massachusetts.It was started to learn more about the risks of heart attack and stroke.For the new study，the researchers examined the emotions of the men and women in the Framingham Heart Study.The information was gathered from 1983 to 2003.

　　The researchers found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves.That means that happiness spreads，or has a contagious effect，among people.And，the smaller the physical distance between friends，the larger the effect they had on each other's happiness.For example，a person was twenty percent more likely to feel happy if his/her friend living within one and a half kilometers was also happy.Having a happy neighbor who lived next door increased an individual's chance of being happy by thirty­four percent.The effects of friends' happiness lasted for up to a year.

　　Another finding was that people who worked together or were married did not have as much of an effect on happiness levels as friends did.The researchers said this was often true among friends of the same sex.

　　A report on the findings was published this month in the British Medical Journal.America's National Institute on Aging helped to pay for the study.Some researchers who were not involved with the study questioned its findings.They said the results could be disputed(争议) unless a separate study showed similar findings.

　　【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。本文主要向我们介绍了两位科学家的一项研究发现——快乐可以感染人，拥有快乐的朋友就会拥有快乐。

　　1．What does this text mainly tell us?

　　A．How to live a happy life?

　　B. One's happiness influences others.

　　C．How to keep emotions healthy?

　　D．A scientific experiment.

　　答案　B　[主旨大意题。综合本文的内容我们可以看出，本文主要向我们介绍了两位科学家的一项研究发现——快乐可以感染人，拥有快乐的朋友就会拥有快乐。据此，我们可以确定本题的答案是B。]

　　2．From this text we know that ________.

　　A．Nicholas and James based their findings on the study of a medical research

　　B．Nicholas and James have been doing their research for more than twenty years

　　C．a person with a happy friend has more chance of feeling blue

　　D．a happy person is more likely to suffer from heart attack

　　答案　A　[事实细节题。根据第二段中的“They used information from the Framingham Heart Study.”我们可以知道，这两位专家的理论是建立在他人的研究基础之上的。]

　　3．The underlined word “contagious” in the third paragraph means ________.

　　A．contacting

　　B．embarrassing

　　C．spreading

　　D．frightening

　　答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据画线单词前面的并列连词or我们可以推测contagious的意思与“spreading”接近。]

　　4．According to this text，which of the following four persons may have a larger effect on Mrs. Smith's happiness?

　　A．Mr. Green，Smith's former classmate.

　　B．Mr. Thomas，Smith's colleague.

　　C．A friend in another city.

　　D．A happy single lady next door.

　　答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知，一位近距离的、快乐的、异性的朋友最有可能给我们带来快乐。据此，我们可以推测，本题的答案应是D。]

　　B

　　Nowadays women appear to have a positive image of themselves as safer drivers than men.

　　In a survey done for insurer MetLife,51% of women said they drive more safely.The evidence is on their side：Men are 3.4 times more likely than women to get a ticket for careless driving and 3.1 times as likely to be punished for drunk driving.“Women are on average less aggressive and more law abiding (守法的) drivers，which leads to fewer accidents，” the report says.However，not all male drivers share the same opinion.Of the men surveyed by MetLife,39% claimed male drivers were safer.The findings did back them up on one point：automotive knowledge.The report showed that more men are familiar with current safety equipment such as electronic stability control，which helps prevent rollover accidents.

　　Auto safety unavoidably matters to Money.Insurance companies focus on what classes of drivers have the lowest dollar amounts of claims，and for now，that mainly includes women.In general，women pay about 9% less for auto insurance than men.A study by the website Insweb also showed that auto insurance rates are lower for women in most states.Among individual states，women get the greatest，advantage in Wyoming (where they pay 20% less)，South Dakota and Washington，D.C.，where their insurance costs are 16% lower.

　　“More than 11,900 male drivers died in US traffic accidents in 2009，compared with just under 4,900 women drivers” according to the study.“Based on miles traveled，men died at a rate of 2.5 deaths per 100 million miles traveled，vs.1.7 deaths for women.”

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举一些数据说明现在女性司机似乎比男性司机开车更加安全。

　　5．According to the study，female drivers________.

　　A．are more aggressive while driving

　　B．are more interested in auto knowledge

　　C．are more likely to stick driving laws

　　D．are more familiar with safety equipment

　　答案　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Women are on average less aggressive and more law abiding (守法的) drivers.”可知，C项正确。

　　6．Insurance companies focus on female driver clients probably because they________.

　　A．cause more accidents on the road

　　B．pay more money to the insurance companies

　　C．take the most part of the insurance clients

　　D．have the lowest amount of money on insurance claims

　　答案　D　推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句话可知，对保险公司而言，机动车安全与钱息息相关的，越是安全的驾驶人员索赔就相应的越少，而与男性相比女性司机驾驶更为安全，所以深受保险公司的青睐。

　　7．We can infer from the passage that________.

　　A．men are 3.1 times more likely to get tickets than women

　　B．all women in the USA pay the same for their auto insurance

　　C．more female drivers die every year than male drivers

　　D．women are generally safer drivers than the opposite gender

　　答案　D　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，女性司机相比男性司机而言驾驶更加安全，故选D。根据第二段中的“Men are 3.4 times more likely...to get a ticket...”可知，A项错误；根据第三段最后一句可知，B项错误；根据最后一段第一句可知，C项错误。

　　8．The writer mainly develops paragraphs by________.

　　A．giving examples B．making comparisons

　　C．drawing a conclusion

　　D．presenting an argument

　　答案　B　推理判断题。根据文中第二至四段中的数据对比可知，作者将女性司机与男性司机进行比较，从而得出女性司机比男性司机更安全的结论，故选B。

　　Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Students will need to use all of their skills in order to understand the reading selections in Reader's Choice.

　　__9__ These selections provide practice on employing different reading skills to get the message of the writer.They also give students practice in four basic reading skills：skimming，scanning，reading for through comprehension，and critical reading.

　　Skimming involves reading quickly through a text to get an overall idea of its contents.This kind of rapid reading is suitable when you are trying to decide if careful reading is desirable or __10__

　　Like skimming，scanning is also quick reading.However，in this case the search is more concentrated.__11__ When you read to find a particular date，or number，you are scannig.

　　Reading for thorough comprehension is carefully reading in order to understand the total meaning of the passage.At this level of comprehension，the reader is able to summarize the author's ideas __12__

　　Critical reading demands that a reader makes judgments about what he or she reads.This kind of read requires posting and answering questions such as “__13__”，“Do I share the author's point of view？”and “Am I convinced by the author's arguments and evidence？”

　　A．Does my own experience support that of the author?

　　B．Reader's Choice is one of the most popular magazines in the world.

　　C．but has not yet made a critical evaluation of those ideas.

　　D．The book contains many types of selections on a wide variety of topics.

　　E．To scan is to read quickly in order to find out specific information.

　　F．Do I know about the author?

　　G．when there is no time to read something carefully.

　　答案　9.D　10.G　11.E　12.C　13.A

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线(____)，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　Attention please，everyone.We have accepted the weather forecast on the radio this morning that there will have a heavy rain from tonight till tomorrow.Be sure shut the windows and doors until you leave your classrooms.A sports meeting that we planned to hold on tomorrow will be put off.After it becomes fine，we will make other announcement.They will have classes on Wednesday as usual.Since it is colder tomorrow，please dress on more clothes in time.Those who came to school by bike，remember to bring your raincoats.

　　答案

　　Attention please，everyone.We have

　　the weather forecast on the radio this morning that there will

　　a heavy rain from tonight till tomorrow.Be sure

　　shut the windows and doors

　　you leave your classrooms. sports meeting that we planned to hold

　　on—— tomorrow will be put off.After it becomes fine，we will make

　　announcement.

　　will have classes on Wednesday as usual.Since it is colder tomorrow，please

　　on more clothes in time.Those who

　　to school by bike，remember to bring your raincoats.