2017高考英语三轮冲刺阅读强化训练13

　　、阅读理解（本大题共5小题，共0分）

　　A

　　Robots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carpet clean. But in each case, they are designed and built specifically for the job. Now there is a movement under way to build multipurpose machines-robots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.

　　All-purpose robots are not, of course, a new idea. “It’s been five or 10 years from happening for about 50 years,” says Eric Berger, co–director of the Personal Robotics Program at Willow Garage, a Silicon Valley organization. The delay is in part because even simple tasks require a huge set of capabilities. For a robot to fetch a mug, for example, it needs to make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors–laser scanners identifying potential blocking objects, cameras searching for the target, force feedback in the fingers that grasp the mug, and more. Yet Berger and other experts are confident that real progress could be made in the next decade.

　　The problem, according to Willow Garage, is the lack of a common platform for all that computational effort. Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up. To help change this, Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 (for “Personal Robot 2”), a two–armed, wheeled machine that can switch off the electricity, open doors and move through a room. Ten of the robots will stay in–house, but 10 more will go to outside research groups, and everyone will share their advances. This way, Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter (推特网站), you won’t start by constructing a computer. “you build the thing that’s new.”

　　31．The robots are mentioned to do some specific jobs EXCEPT in

　　A．battle fields B．operation room

　　C．people’s houses D．wild fields

　　32．The multipurpose robot may be identified as a machine that

　　A．can move about in changing environments and work with their hands

　　B．can make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors

　　C．has a huge set of abilities to finish all the simple tasks

　　D．has identifying laser scanners, searching cameras and force feedback

　　33．According to Willow Garage, we will make real progress in building all-purpose robots if ___________ .

　　A．everyone is designing robots and the software to control them

　　B．they can produce 25 copies of its model PR2

　　C．people can enlarge the capabilities of a single machine

　　D．people can start by constructing a computer

　　34．Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 so as to _________ .

　　A．design robots and the software to control them

　　B．change the way of new robot construction research

　　C．open doors and go to outside research groups

　　D．go through the room and stay in-house

　　35．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A．To build all-purpose robots is an absolutely new movement under way.

　　B．Building all-purpose robots was delayed because of its complexity.

　　C．The idea to build all-purpose robots appeared about 50 years ago.

　　D．Everyone will share their advances for they are all-purpose robots.

　　【答案解析】【文章大意】本文叙述了多功能机器人的研究和制造。多功能机器人能够用他们的手在不断变化的环境里四处移动。多功能机器人的发展需要不断扩展它的多功能。为了建造新的机器人，Willow Garage生产了25份PR2以备研究。

　　31【答案】D

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据Robots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carpet clean.可知机器人可在战场，手术室和个人家庭中使用，因此没有提到野外，故选D。

　　【答案】A

　　【 解析】细节理解题。根据multipurpose machines-robots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.可知多功能机器人能够用他们的手在不断变化的环境里四处移动。因此选A。

　　【答案】C

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up.可知问题是每个人不是扩大机器人的功能而是从头开始做，这样阻碍了机器人的发展，因此要想建造多功能机器人，就得开发机器人的多功能。故选C。

　　【答案】B

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据This way, Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter (推特网站), you won’t start by constructing a computer. “you build the thing that’s new.”可知Willow Garage生产25份PR2是为了建造新的机器人，这样改变了新机器制造研究的方法。故选B。

　　【答案】C

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据All-purpose robots are not, of course, a new idea. “It’s been five or 10 years from happening for about 50 years可知多功能机器人的想法已经出现了50年。故选C。

　　B

　　The 1900 house

　　The bowler family was one of more than 400 families who applied to 1900 house, a reality TV shout which took a typical family back a hundred years to se how people lived in the days before the internet, computer games and even electricity.

　　The bowler family spent three months in a London home without a telephone, computers, TV, or fast food. The bowlers wore clothes from 1900, are only food available in English at that time, and cooked their meals on a single stove. Paul bowler still went to work every day in a then uniform. The children changed their clothes on the way to and from school and their classmates didn’t know about then unusual home life. Joyce stayed at home, cooking and cleaning like a typical housewife of the time, though everything took three times as long.

　　So does Joyce think that people’s lives were better in the old days?

　　“I think people in the old days had just ad many troubles and worries,” Joyce said.

　　And I don’t think their life was better or worse, there were lots of things back then that

　　I’m happy I don’t have to deal with nowadays, but on the other hand life was simpler. ” “We had a lot more time with our family, and it was hard being nice to each other all the time,” eleven-year-old Hilary said.

　　So what did the Bowler family miss most about modern life while living in the 1900 house?

　　Paul, 39:” telephone and a hot shower”

　　Joyce, 44:” a quick cup of tea from a kettle you could just turn on”

　　Hilary, 11:” rock CD”

　　Joseph, 9:” hamburger and computer games”

　　54. While the Bowler family was living in 1900 house, _____.

　　A the mother spent more time on housework

　　B the two children wore the then clothes for school

　　C they prepared their meals together on a stove

　　D they ate simple foods they had never seen

　　55. According to Paragraph 4, what’s Joyce’s opinion about life in 1900?

　　A There were fewer problems for the family

　　B Life was simpler but worse than it is now

　　C There were things she liked and disliked

　　D The family had more time to stay together

　　56. What would Hilary expect most from modern life in the three months?

　　A To play computer games

　　B. To make phone calls

　　C To listen to music

　　D. To chat on the Internet

　　【答案解析】C

　　Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951. Britain is suffering through its longest cold snap (寒潮) since 1981. And freezing weather is hitting the Deep South, including Florida’s orange groves and beaches.

　　    Whatever happened to global warming?

　　    Such weather doesn’t seem to fit with warnings from scientists that the Earth is warming because of greenhouse gases. But experts say the cold snap doesn’t contradict global warming at all—it’s just a temporary phenomenon in the long-term heating trend. “It’s part of natural variability,” said Gerald Meehl, a senior scientist. With global warming, he said, “we’ll still have record cold temperatures. We’ll just have fewer of them.”

　　    Scientists say man-made climate change does have the potential to cause more frequent and more severe weather extremes. But experts did not connect the current cold snap to climate change.

　　    So what is going on?

　　“We basically have seen just a big outbreak of Arctic air over populated areas of the Northern Hemisphere”, Arndt said.

　　In the atmosphere, large rivers of air travel roughly west to east around the globe between the Arctic and the tropics. This air flow acts like a fence to keep Arctic air restricted. But recently, this air flow has become bent into a zigzag (之字形) pattern, wandering north and south. If you live in a place where it brings air up from the south, you get warm weather. In fact, record highs were reported this week in Washington state and Alaska.

　　But in the eastern United States, like some other unlucky parts of the globe, Arctic air is coming from the north. And that’s how you get a temperature of 3 degrees in Beijing, a reading of minus-42 in mainland Norway, and 18 inches of snow in parts of Britain. The zigzag pattern arises naturally from time to time, but it is not clear why it’s so strong right now.

　　71.What is the best title of the text?

　　A. Freezing weather is hitting the Deep South.

　　B. We’ll still have record cold temperatures.

　　C. The air flow has become a zigzag pattern.

　　D. Cold snap doesn’t contradict global warming.

　　72. With global warming, we will ______.

　　A. also meet with severe cold snap

　　B. have more hot temperatures forever

　　C. never experience cold temperatures

　　D. have more cold temperatures

　　73. According to experts, the current cold snap ______.

　　A. suggests that the climate has changed greatly

　　B. is not related to the climate change

　　C. shows that the climate will turn cold

　　D. is affected by global warming

　　74. Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951 because of ______.

　　A. a fence from the Arctic                   B. a cooling trend in climate

　　C. a big outbreak of Arctic air              D. its large population

　　75. We can conclude that ______.

　　A. not all the parts of the Northern Hemisphere are cold in face of the cold snap

　　B. the zigzag pattern arises naturally accidentally

　　C. Beijing will get cold weather next year

　　D. Washington state and Alaska will not face cold weather next year

　　【答案解析】71—75 DABCAD

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red?

　　1

　　. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings.

　　2

　　. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.

　　3

　　. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.

　　4

　　. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides（自杀）than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainted green . The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.

　　5

　　. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.

　　On the other hand, black is depressing.

　　They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favorite color as grow up---we are born with our preference.

　　The rooms are painted in different colors as you like.

　　If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.

　　Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.

　　Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colors.

　　Colors do influence our moods---there is no doubt about it.

　　【答案解析】DBGAE

　　E

　　[2017·福建卷]

　　D

　　Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons(神经元)in our brains.

　　Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate(模仿)it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.

　　Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example：“The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball)．

　　Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.

　　Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact(互动)．Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent(相等物)for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you'll understand why.

　　67．Mirror neurons can explain ________.

　　A．why we cry when we are hurt

　　B．why we cough when we suffer from a cold

　　C．why we smile when we see someone else smile

　　D．why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late

　　68．The underlined word “triggered” in the third paragraph probably means “________”．

　　A．set off

　　B．cut off

　　C．built up

　　D．broken up

　　69．We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons ________.

　　A．relate to human behavior and interaction

　　B．control human physical actions and feelings

　　C．result in bad behavior and social disorders

　　D．determine our knowledge and language abilities

　　70．What is the passage mainly about?

　　A．Ways to find mirror neurons.

　　B．Problems of mirror neurons.

　　C．Existence of mirror neurons.

　　D．Functions of mirror neurons.

　　【答案解析】【要点综述】本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了镜像神经元的作用。

　　67.C　推理判断题。从第二段的第一句话“every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it”可知镜像神经元的作用就是当我们看到别人做某事，我们也会跟着做。

　　68. A　词义猜测题。根据第三段镜像神经元对语言的作用，当人们听到“手抓住球”这句话时，神经元就开始起作用了，就像手抓住球这个动作真的发生一样。set off：出发；触发。

　　69. A　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知答案。

　　70. D　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人体镜像神经元的作用。