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2017届北京市房山区高考英语完形填空基础训练(3)

发布时间:2017-04-13  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  北京市房山区2017高考英语完形填空基础练习(3)及答案解析

  完形填空--------夹叙夹议文

  (2017·江苏)I used to believe in the American Dream,which meant a job,a mortgage(按揭),credit cards,success.I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else,all of us __21__ chasing the same thing.

  One year,through a series of unhappy events,it all fell __22__.I found myself homeless and alone.I had my truck and $56.I __23__ the countryside for some place I could rent for the __24__ possible amount.I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road __25__the Potomac River in West Virginia.It was__26__,full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner,rented it,and __27__ a corner to camp in.

  The locals knew nothing about me,__28__ slowly,they started teaching me the __29__ of being a neighbor.They dropped off blankets,candles,and tools,and began __30__ around to chat.They started to teach me a belief in a __31__ American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of __32__.

  What I had believed in,all those things I thought were__33__ for a civilized life,were nonexistent in this place.__34__ on the mountain,my most valuable possessions were my __35__ with my neighbors.

  Four years later,I moved back into __36__.I saw many people were having a really hard time,__37__ their jobs and homes.I managed to rent a big enough house to __38__ a handful of people.There are four of us now in the house,but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places.We'd all be in __39__ if we hadn't banded together.

  The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one.It's not so much about what I can get for myself;it's about __40__ we can all get by together.

  【语篇解读】 本文属于夹叙夹议的文体。作者从自己的亲身经历,反映出一个人的梦不是美国梦,所有人的梦才是美国梦,只有大家共同努力才能实现共同的梦想。

  21.A.separately

  B.equally

  C.violently

  D.naturally

  解析 句意:我们都在各自地追求同样的事物。separately“各自地”,equally“平等地”,violently“猛烈地”,naturally“自然地”。

  答案 A

  22.A.off

  B.apart

  C.over

  D.out

  解析 句意:经历了一系列的不幸,一切都破碎了。fall off“跌落,掉下”,fall apart“崩溃,破碎”,fall over“跌倒,摔倒”,fall out“掉队,争吵”。

  答案 B

  23.A.crossed

  B.left

  C.toured

  D.searched

  解析 句意:我在农村寻找一处租金最便宜的地方。crossed“横穿”,left“离开”,toured“旅游”,searched“搜寻”。

  答案 D

  24.A.fullest

  B.largest

  C.fairest

  D.cheapest

  解析 租最“便宜”的是理所当然。

  答案 D

  25.A.at

  B.through

  C.over

  D.round

  解析 句意:我在西弗吉尼亚州偶然找到了一处破旧的房子,它位于在Potomac河上一条崎岖的山路上方。

  答案 C

  26.A.occupied

  B.abandoned

  C.emptied

  D.robbed

  解析 句意:它被荒废了,到处都是碎玻璃和垃圾。occupied“占领,占据”,abandoned“废弃的,遗弃的”,emptied“空的,空虚的”,robbed“抢劫的”。

  答案 B

  27.A.turned

  B.approached

  C.cleared

  D.cut

  解析 clear a corner to camp in.意为清理了一角来驻扎下来。

  答案 C

  28.A.but

  B.although

  C.otherwise

  D.for

  解析 句意:当地人对我一无所知,但是,慢慢地他们开始教我成为邻居的艺术。

  答案 A

  29.A.benefit

  B.lesson

  C.nature

  D.art

  解析 benefit“利益,好处”,lesson“课程,教训”,nature“自然”,art“艺术”。

  答案 D

  30.A.sticking

  B.looking

  C.swinging

  D.turning

  解析 句意:他们放下毛毡,蜡烛和工具,并且开始留下来聊天。stick around“徘徊,逗留”,look around“环视”,swing around“到处摇摆”,turn around“转身”。

  答案 A

  31.A.wild

  B.real

  C.different

  D.remote

  解析 句意:他们开始另一种不同美国梦的信念,它不是个人的成就而是睦邻友好之梦。

  答案 C

  32.A.neighborliness

  B.happiness

  C.friendliness

  D.kindness

  解析 neighborliness“和睦,邻人之谊”,happiness“幸福”,friendliness“友好”,kindness“善良”。

  答案 A

  33.A.unique

  B.expensive

  C.rare

  D.necessary

  解析 句意:我最初相信这些东西,在文明生活中是必须的,在这种地方是不存在的。

  答案 D

  34.A.Up

  B.Down

  C.Deep

  D.Along

  解析 句意:在山上面,我最有价值的财产是与邻居的关系。up在上文中有出处。

  答案 A

  35.A.cooperation

  B.relationships

  C.satisfaction

  D.appointments

  解析 cooperation“合作”,relationships“关系”,satisfaction“满意”,appointments“预约”。

  答案 B

  36.A.reality

  B.society

  C.town

  D.life

  解析 句意:四年后,我搬回了城市。根据上文的countryside可推出。

  答案 C

  37.A.creating

  B.losing

  C.quitting

  D.offering

  解析 句意:我看到许多人生活艰辛,失去工作和家园。create“创造”,lose“失去”,quit“放弃”,offer“提供”。

  答案 B

  38.A.put in

  B.turn in

  C.take in

  D.get in

  解析 句意:我租了一间足够大的房子,可以容纳许多人。put in“放入,提交”,turn in“上交,告发”,take in“接受,拘留”,get in“进入,收获”。

  答案 C

  39.A.yards

  B.shelters

  C.camps

  D.cottages

  解析 句意:如果我们不团结起来,我们都将住在庇护所里。in yards“在庭院里”,in shelters“在庇护所里,在收容所里”,in camps“在营地”,in cottages“在小村庄里”。

  答案 B

  40.A.when

  B.what

  C.whether

  D.how

  解析 句意:它并不关乎我们为自己得到什么,而是关乎如何协作。

  答案 D

  文体技法归纳

  夹叙夹议完形填空所选的文章一般富于哲理性,往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中悟出深刻的人生哲理,因此耐人寻味,可读性较强。

  在结构上,作者首先叙述一件事情,然后就此事情引申出一个深刻的社会话题或就此事提出自己的观点;或者先提出一种观点或看法,然后就这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明,最后再进一步阐述或作出结论。

  夹叙夹议文在语言上又具有议论文的特点:语言客观、准确、逻辑性强,且具有概括性。那么,我们在做夹叙夹议文类的完形填空题时,需要注意哪些方面呢?

  1.重视文章首句

  夹叙夹议文常常以文章的标题、首句或简短的第一段导入话题,然后以顺叙或倒叙等叙事的方式适当加以描写,通过巧妙安排,在文章最后概括主题。因此,在解答夹叙夹议文类的完形填空时,考生首先要读懂第一段,尤其是文章的第一句话,这样就可以迅速总结出全文的主旨大意。

  2.理清文章结构

  夹叙夹议文类的文章通常是先进行叙述,然后在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论,提出故事所包含的哲理或总结自己的观点。做题时,考生要跟着作者的思路读全文,思维要有灵活性,要随着记叙与议论的转换,及时调整思维方式。只有理清了文章的结构,才能更容易地理解文章,作出正确的选择。

  3.抓住文章线索

  理解夹叙夹议类文章要抓住线索,注意情节的变化,以求综观上下文,达到整体理解文意,从而避免片面性和断章取义。找出叙述、议论部分相关的命题规律与特点,分清论点、论据的习惯表达方式,找准文章的论点、论据和结论句式,使叙述与议论浑然一体。

  2017高考英语综合能力测试题(1)】

  完形填空(共1 5小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

  阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。

  How much is a kind word worth? How deeply can a touch heal? How important are your little

  1

  with your family, friends, and customers?

  Hairdresser David learned these answers from a customer who came to him

  2

  every month. One day she phoned David in between her regular visits and asked if he would style her

  3

  for an important occasion that evening. David

  4

  her into his schedule seriously and gave her his usual loving attention. He had a friendly talk with her, laughed, touched her

  5

  , and told her how beautiful she

  6

  . After her session, she smiled and

  7

  him.

  You can imagine David's shock when a few days

  8

  he received a handwritten letter from the woman. She explained that the important occasion she wanted to look good for that evening was her own

  9

  . She had planned to kill herself later that day. When she spent time with David, however, the

  10

  he showed her influenced her to change her mind. She decided that life was

  11

  living, and she could go on.

  This extraordinary experience inspired David to

  12

  what he was doing with his work and his life. He realized that his purpose with customers went far beyond

  13

  hair. Within his own influence he had the power to make people's days and even lives. So he adopted the career of "Day maker". Now, as owner of ten

  14

  spas that treat thousands of people each day, David teaches his employees that they should never underestimate(低估)the power of a kind word or thought. It may affect one or many people without you even knowing it. Even a

  15

  touch can make a huge difference.

  1. A. problems

  B. interactions

  C. words

  D. touches

  2. A. usually

  B. rarely

  C. actively

  D. regularly

  3. A. hair

  B. nose

  C. clothes

  D. friend

  4. A. changed

  B. made

  C. helped

  D. fitted

  5. A. importantly

  B. kindly

  C. rudely

  D. normally

  6. A. sang

  B. jumped

  C. looked

  D. danced

  7. A. thanked

  B. blamed

  C. refused

  D. criticized

  8. A. after

  B. later

  C. before

  D. soon

  9. A. death

  B. letter

  C. funeral

  D. life

  10. A. kindness

  B. thoughtfulness

  C. illness

  D. loneliness

  11. A. busy

  B. comfortable

  C. useless

  D. worth

  12. A. reconsider

  B. wonder

  C. question

  D. decide

  13. A. drying

  B. dying

  C. styling

  D. washing

  14. A. beautiful

  B. awful

  C. successful

  D. careful

  15. A. rude

  B. distant

  C. regular

  D. gentle

  【参考答案】1-5 BDADB

  6-10 CABCA

  11-15 DACCD

  完形填空

  平凡的事造就不平凡的人生。理发师David的一次平凡的服务改变了一位顾客的命运。一位原本打算自杀的女顾客由于感受到他话语的和蔼和爱抚的温柔而重新唤醒对生活的信心。

  1. B。根据下文,和蔼的话语和温柔的爱抚都属于人与人之间的互动,因此应选B。

  2. D。从every month 及后面的regular visits可知应为D。

  3. A。从David 的职业hairdresser可知应选A。

  4. D。 David很认真地把她安排 (fitted) 进他的日程里,其他动词均不合适。

  5. B。根据上下文应知是David亲切地碰触她,因此应选B 。

  6. C。根据句意,此处应为告诉她看起来有多美。7. A。由上文可知女顾客对David的工作非常满意,所以此处应是感谢他。

  8. B。由下文可知“过了几天后”他得知自己的真诚服务使女顾客放弃自杀时是震惊的。

  9. C。由下文可知她原本计划当晚自杀,所以她为之准备的重要场合是她自己的葬礼。

  10. A。由上下文可知女顾客应是被David的善良所感动和影响。

  11. D。女顾客觉得活着是“值得的”,所以改变了要自杀的主意,因此答案为D。

  12. A。这个特别的经历启发David对自己的工作和人生进行了重新思考,reconsider意为“重新考虑”,因此选A。

  13. C。与前文第二段“style her hair”是同词复现,选C。

  14. C。由后面提及的每天接待数千人可知他经营的spas是成功的,其他选项均不符合句意,因此应选C。

  15. D。结合上下文此处应为温柔的触碰,gentle 意为“温和的”,因此选D。

  夹叙夹议

  (2017·安徽)When I settled in Chicago,my new city seemed so big and unfriendly.Then I had a __21__ problem and had to go to hospital for a __22__ examination.

  It seemed a small __23__ compared to the one I was about to face,but things started to go __24__ right from the beginning.Not having a car or __25__ the city,I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B.__26__ I'd left myself plenty of time,soon it was __27__ I was going to be late,as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the __28__ direction.

  I __29__ the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do.I looked into the eyes of a __30__,who was trying to get past me.__31__,instead of moving on,she stopped to ask if I was __32__.After I explained my __33__ to her,she pointed to a bus stop across the street,where a bus would take me back into the city to my __34__.Sitting there waiting,I felt __35__ that someone had been willing to help.__36__,hearing a horn(喇叭)nearby,I looked up to see a car with my new friend __37__ at me to get in.She had returned to offer me a __38__ to the hospital.

  Such unexpected __39__ from a passer-by was a lovely gift to receive.As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her,she smiled and told me not to lose __40__,for all things are possible.

  【语篇解读】 本文为夹叙夹议文。作者叙述了刚到芝加哥时去医院进行体检的一次经历:就在因为坐错了车感到彷徨无助之际,一个陌生人主动提出送他去医院,这让作者感动不已。作者向这位“新朋友”表达感谢时,这位朋友笑着说:不要失去信心,因为一切皆有可能。

  21.A.physical

  B.traveling

  C.social

  D.housing

  解析 根据下文的go to hospital可知空格处为:身体问题。physical身体的,物理的;traveling旅行的;social社会的,社交的;housing住房。

  答案 A

  22.A.scientific

  B.final

  C.previous

  D.thorough

  解析 thorough彻底的,完全的;scientific科学的;final最后的;previous先前的。根据常识可知D项正确。

  答案 D

  23.A.chance

  B.challenge

  C.success

  D.error

  解析 前半句句意:同我即将面对的挑战相比,这似乎是个小小的挑战。读下文可知,作者去医院的这次经历的确不容易,所以堪称挑战。challenge挑战;chance机会;success成功;error错误。

  答案 B

  24.A.wrong

  B.easy

  C.fast

  D.ahead

  解析 后半句句意:但是从最开始情况就不妙了。go wrong出问题,出毛病;go easy变得容易;fast快的;go ahead开始做。

  答案 A

  25.A.leaving

  B.visiting

  C.knowing

  D.appreciating

  解析 作者当时既没有车也不了解这座城市。know了解,知道;leave离开;visit参观;appreciate感谢,欣赏。根据下文可知,作者因不熟悉这座城市而坐错了车,所以C项正确。

  答案 C

  26.A.Although

  B.Since

  C.Unless

  D.Once

  解析 前半句句意:虽然我给自己留了充裕的时间,但是不久,很显然我要迟到了。although虽然;since既然,由于;unless如果不,除非;once一旦。根据句意可知,前后为转折关系。

  答案 A

  27.A.strange

  B.necessary

  C.obvious

  D.important

  解析 根据句意及下文可知,即将迟到是不争的事实了,所以选obvious(显然的)。strange奇怪的;necessary必要的;important重要的。

  答案 C

  28.A.same

  B.right

  C.general

  D.opposite

  解析 根据句中的mistakenly(错误地)及下文的where a bus would take me back into...可知此处为opposite direction(相反的方向)。same相同的;right正确的;general总的,一般的。

  答案 D

  29.A.looked at

  B.waited for

  C.got off

  D.ran into

  解析 句意:我下了公交车,站在人行道上不知所措。C:下车;A:看;B:等待;D:撞在……上,偶然碰见。根据语境可知C项正确。

  答案 C

  30. A.driver

  B.friend

  C.stranger

  D.gentleman

  解析 根据下文及后面的my new friend可知,此处为stranger(陌生人)。driver司机;friend朋友;gentleman绅士。

  答案 C

  31.A.Especially

  B.Surprisingly

  C.Probably

  D.Normally

  解析 根据常识可知,陌生人很可能对他人不闻不问;同时,根据instead of moving on可知此处用surprisingly(令人吃惊地)。especially尤其;probably可能;normally正常地。

  答案 B

  32.A.nervous

  B.excited

  C.OK

  D.dangerous

  解析 后半句句意:她停下车问我是否(一切)还好。OK好,还行;nervous紧张的;excited激动的;dangerous危险的。

  答案 C33.A.idea

  B.motivation

  C.excuse

  D.situation

  解析 句意:当我向她解释了我的处境之后……situation处境,境况;idea想法;motivation动机;excuse借口。

  答案 D

  34.A.appointment

  B.apartment

  C.direction

  D.station

  解析 根据常识可知,看病之前一般都跟医生有预约(appointment)。apartment公寓;direction方向,指导;station车站。

  答案 A

  35.A.afraid

  B.grateful

  C.certain

  D.disappointed

  解析 句意:……有人愿意主动帮我,我非常感激(grateful)。afraid害怕的;certain确信的;disappointed失望的。根据语境及常识可知B项正确。

  答案 B

  36.A.Thus

  B.Then

  C.Perhaps

  D.Surely

  解析 根据上下文可知此处为承接关系,所以用then(接着)。thus这样,因此;perhaps大概;surely确定地,确实。

  答案 B

  37.A.staring

  B.laughing

  C.waving

  D.shouting

  解析 句意:……我抬头看见了一辆车,(里面坐着的)我这位新朋友正招手示意我上车。根据常识可知此处用wave at sb向某人招手;stare at凝视,盯着看;laugh at嘲笑;shout at朝……大喊。

  答案 C

  38.A.lift

  B.suggestion

  C.bike

  D.guidebook

  解析 offer/give sb a lift让某人搭便车,为固定搭配。suggestion建议;guidebook指南。

  答案 A

  39.A.results

  B.news

  C.kindness

  D.appearance

  解析 根据语境及空格后的from可知此处为“出乎预料的善举(kindness)”。result结果;news资讯,消息;appearance外貌,出现。

  答案 C

  40.A.power

  B.faith

  C.touch

  D.support

  解析 根据语境可知此处为“告诉我不要失去信心(faith)”。power能量,权力;touch联系;support支持。

  答案 B

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