2017高三英语二轮复习 江苏专用 完型填空+阅读理解34

　　高考维“升”素34——健康饮食

　　（时间：分钟）

　　维A 阅读理解

　　(2017·广东卷)I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly.As a doctor，mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it，from the baby's point of view.

　　Mothers，doctors and nurses alike have no idea of where a baby's blood sugar level lies.All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed.In this state，the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible.The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.

　　It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a fourhourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied.The first of the experts to advocate a strict clock­watching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night.I've never heard anything so ridiculous.Baby feeding shouldn't follow a timetable set by the mum.What is important is feeding a baby in the best way，though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.

　　Well，at last we have copper­bottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding.The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5,7,11 and 14，than babies fed according to the clock.By the age of 8，their IQ (智商) scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable.This research comes from Oxford and Essex University using a sample (样本) of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s，taking account of parental education，family income，a child's sex and age，the mother's health and feeding style.These results don't surprise me.Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.

　　I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.

　　【语篇解读】 本文关于婴儿喂养的时间提出了不同的看法，作者认为严格按照时间表喂婴儿是错的。

　　1．According to Paragraph 2，one reason why a baby cries is that it feels ________.

　　A．sick

　　B．upset

　　C．sleepy

　　D．hungry

　　答案　D　[考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句searching for food可知选D。]

　　2．What does the author think about Dr King?

　　A．He is strict.

　　B．He is unkind.

　　C．He has the wrong idea.

　　D．He sets a timetable for mothers.

　　答案　C　[考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I've never heard anything so ridiculous.”可知，作者认为Dr King说的话是荒唐的，是错的。]

　　3．The word copper­bottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.

　　A．basic

　　B．reliable

　　C．surprising

　　D．interesting

　　答案　B　[考查词义猜测。根据画线词后面的研究方式及结果可知，该项研究是可以信赖的，故选B项。]

　　4．What does the research tell us about feeding a baby on demand?

　　A．The baby will sleep well.

　　B．The baby will have its brain harmed.

　　C．The baby will have a low blood sugar level.

　　D．The baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.

　　答案　D　[考查细节理解。根据文章第四段第三句可知，研究结果表明“到孩子八岁的时候，没有严格按照时间表来喂养的孩子智商要比严格按照时间表喂养的孩子高”，故D项正确。]

　　5．The author supports feeding the baby ________.

　　A．in the night

　　B．every four hours

　　C．whenever it wants food

　　D．according to its blood sugar level

　　答案　C　[考查推理判断。通读全文尤其是最后一句作者希望不要再支持严格按照时间喂婴儿这种喂养方式可知，作者支持依据婴儿的需要来喂养，即婴儿想吃的时候就喂他。]

　　维B 完形填空

　　高考曾用材料：2009湖北卷

　　选材相似度：★★★★

　　设题相似度：★★★

　　难度系数：★★★★

　　There was once a man who lived by the side of the road and sold hot dogs.He was hard of __1__ so he had no radio—he had trouble with his __2__，so he read no newspapers and of course he didn't look at television.But he __3__ very good hot dogs.He put up a __4__ on the highway telling everyone how good they were；he stood on the side of the road and __5__ out to all that passed “Buy a hot dog；it is the __6__ in town.”

　　And people bought his hot dogs and he __7__ his meat and bun orders.He bought a bigger __8__ to take care of all the extra business.He finally got his __9__ to come and help him out with his __10__.

　　But then something happened，his son who had been well __11__ said，“Father，haven't you been listening to the radio or reading the newspapers or watching television？There's a big __12__ happening right now.The current business situation is __13__ in this country—we have problems with __14__—many people are unable to find jobs—high living costs，strikes，pollution，poverty，drugs and alcohol.”

　　His father thought，“Well my son's been __15__ educated，and he reads the papers，listens to the radio and watches television，so he ought to __16__.”

　　So his father cut down on his meat and bun __17__，took down all his advertising signs and no longer __18__ to stand by the side of the road to promote and sell his hot dogs，...and his hot dog __19__ fell almost overnight.

　　“You're __20__，son，” the father said，“We certainly are in the middle of a recession.”

　　【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。一个父亲在路边卖热狗，他的热狗很受欢迎，因此他扩大了规模。他的受过良好教育的儿子告诉他的父亲现在正处在经济萧条时期，不应该扩大规模。听从了儿子的建议，这位父亲减少了肉类和面包的订单，拆掉了广告牌，再也不去路边推销自己的热狗了。果然，他的热狗的销售量一夜之间就下降了。他对儿子说，经济的确萧条了。

　　1．A.speaking

　　B．hearing

　　C．sensing

　　D．tasting

　　答案　B　[考查上下文逻辑。根据后面的“so he had no radio”可知他的听力不行，因此选B项。speak“说话”；sense“感觉”；taste“有……味道”。]

　　2．A.hands

　　B．ears

　　C．eyes

　　D．arms

　　答案　C　[考查上下文逻辑。结合后面的“he read no newspapers and of course he didn't look at television”可知他不看报纸和电视是因为他的眼睛有问题，hand，arm和ear与视觉没有联系。]

　　3．A.sold

　　B．gave

　　C．enjoyed

　　D．purchased

　　答案　A　[考查上下文逻辑。从后面的“people bought his hot dogs”可知他出售热狗。give“给”；enjoy“喜爱”；purchase“购买”。]

　　4．A.notice

　　B．wall

　　C．tent

　　D．sign

　　答案　D　[考查上下文照应。根据后面的“took down all his advertising signs”可知他在路边树立了标牌，作为促销热狗的广告。notice“通知”，主要指给予信息、指示或者警告等；wall“墙”；tent“帐篷”。]

　　5．A.brought

　　B．cried

　　C．gave

　　D．sent

　　答案　B　[考查上下文暗示。他不但在路边树立了广告牌，而且还在那里大声叫卖热狗。cry out“大叫”符合题意。bring out“使显现”；give out“分发”；send out“发出”。]

　　6．A.biggest

　　B．cheapest

　　C．best

　　D．smallest

　　答案　C　[考查上下文暗示。根据上文的“good”可知他卖的热狗很好，很受人欢迎。biggest“最大”；smallest“最小”；cheapest“最便宜”。]

　　7．A.increased

　　B．ate

　　C．arranged

　　D．received

　　答案　A　[考查语境逻辑。前面提到他的热狗很好卖，所以他扩大了经营规模，增加了肉类和面包的订单。eat意为“吃”，而这里的宾语是orders；arrange“安排”，没有扩大规模的意思；receive“收到”。]

　　8．A.dog

　　B．radio

　　C．television

　　D．stove

　　答案　D　[考查语境逻辑。根据上下文可知他是卖热狗的，因此他购买了一个炉子来做更多的热狗，而电视、收音机和狗均与扩大经营无关。]

　　9．A.friend

　　B．wife

　　C．son

　　D．daughter

　　答案　C　[考查上下文暗示。根据下文他儿子的话可知， 他让他的儿子来帮助经营业务。friend“朋友”；wife“妻子”；daughter“女儿”。]

　　10．A.danger

　　B．business

　　C．trouble

　　D．company

　　答案　B　[考查上下文暗示。他是在路边做卖热狗生意的，所以business符合语境。danger“危险”，程度过于严重，他只是人手少，没有危险性；trouble“困难”；company“公司”。]

　　11．A.educated

　　B．dressed

　　C．behaved

　　D．prepared

　　答案　A　[考查上下文照应。根据下文的“Well my son's been __15__ educated”可知他的儿子受过良好教育。B、C、D三项均与语境不符。]

　　12．A.incident

　　B．conflict

　　C．accident

　　D．recession

　　答案　D　[考查上下文照应。根据文章结尾的“We certainly are in the middle of a recession.”可知，现在正处于经济衰退中。incident“发生的事情(尤指不寻常的或讨厌的)”；accident“(交通)事故”；conflict“冲突”。]

　　13．A.satisfactory

　　B．favorableC．terrible

　　D．explosive

　　答案　C　[考查上下文逻辑。根据后面他的儿子提到的失业、污染、贫穷和毒品等问题可知现在的形势是很糟糕的，所以选terrible。satisfactory“令人满意的”；favorable“有利的”；explosive“爆炸性的”。]

　　14．A.environment

　　B．unemploymentC．disease

　　D．crime

　　答案　B　[考查上下文暗示。根据后面的“many people are unable to find jobs”可知很多人找不到工作，因此这里应指“失业”。environment“环境”；disease“疾病”；crime“犯罪活动”。]

　　15．A.well

　　B．never

　　C．very

　　D．ever

　　答案　A　[考查上下文照应。根据前面的“his son who had been well educated”可知此处选well。never表示“从未，未曾”；very不能修饰educated；ever表示“曾经”，但体现不出儿子的良好教育情况，故均不符合题意。]

　　16．A.compete

　　B．survive

　　C．succeed

　　D．know

　　答案　D　[考查语境逻辑。儿子不但受过良好的教育，而且还看报纸、听收音机、看电视等，他应该对经济形势了解，故选know。compete“竞争”；survive“幸存”；succeed“成功”。]

　　17．A.numbers

　　B．orders

　　C．sizes

　　D．shapes

　　答案　B　[考查上下文照应。根据前面的“and he increased his meat and bun orders”可知他听从了儿子的建议，减少了订单。number“数目”；size“大小”；shape“形状”。]

　　18．A.agreed

　　B．regretted

　　C．bothered

　　D．promised

　　答案　C　[考查语境中动词的辨析。bother to do sth“费心做某事”。结合前面的“no longer”可知他不愿意再到路边去推销他的热狗了。agree“同意”；regret“懊悔”；promise“许诺”。]

　　19．A.sizes

　　B．weight

　　C．price

　　D．sales

　　答案　D　[考查上下文逻辑。由于他拆掉了广告牌，也不再去路边推销他的热狗了，所以热狗的销售量几乎一夜之间就下降了。weight“重量”；price“价格”；size“大小”。]

　　20．A.right

　　B．foolish

　　C．lazy

　　D．honest

　　答案　A　[考查上下文逻辑。由于自己的热狗的销售量下降，这位父亲便认为儿子说的话是对的，所以选right。foolish“愚蠢的”；lazy“懒惰的”；honest“诚实的”。]

　　维C 阅读理解

　　高考曾用材料：2011江西卷A篇

　　选材相似度：★★★★

　　设题相似度：★★★

　　难度系数：★★★★

　　Do

　　you

　　love

　　the holidays，but

　　hate

　　the pounds that follow? You are not alone.Holidays are times for feasting and celebrating.Many people are worried about their weight.With proper planning，though，it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays.Whether it is celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner，regard eating as a time for tasting a variety of the foods.The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.

　　Here are some tips for preventing weight gain and maintaining physical fitness：

　　Don't skip meals.Before you leave home，have a small，low­fat meal or snack.This may help to avoid getting too excited before delicious foods.

　　Control portions.Use a small plate (about 10 inches) and put aside the large ones that may encourage you to “load up.” You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist.Once you have your “tasting” serving，move away from the buffet.Doing so will make it less tempting to be eating constantly as your appetite is inspired by the sight of food.

　　Begin with soup and fruit or vegetables.Fill up beforehand on water­based soup and raw fruit or vegetables.Or drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full.

　　Stick to physical activity.Don't let exercise take a break during the holidays.A 20­minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess calories.

　　Avoid high­fat foods.Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a large amount of fat.Choose lean meats.Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.Use lemon juice instead of dressing or butter.

　　Notes：

　　①buffet n．自助餐　②tempting adj.诱惑的

　　【语篇解读】 本文是实用文体阅读。全文介绍了在假期合理安排饮食以保持标准体重的办法。

　　1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．You had better turn your attention away from delicious foods.

　　B．Drinking some water of soup before eating helps you eat less.

　　C．Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may bring weight problems.

　　D．Physical exercise can reduce the chance of putting on weight.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.”可以判断A项表述错误，符合题意，故答案为A。]

　　2．Which of the following CANNOT help lose weight according to the passage?

　　A．Lean meats.

　　B．Dressing or butter.

　　C．Raw fruit or vegetables.

　　D．Physical exercise.

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Use lemon juice instead of dressing or butter.”可知，“调味品”和“黄油”对减肥或保持体重没有好处。A、C、D三项均有利于减肥，文中有明确表述。]

　　3．Many people can't control their weight after the holidays mainly because they ________.

　　A．can't help being tempted to eat constantly

　　B．take part in too many parties

　　C．enjoy delicious foods

　　D．can't help turning away from the foods

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“Doing so will make it less tempting to be eating constantly as your appetite(胃口)is inspired by the sight of food.”可见，大多数人在假期里发胖，是因为自己抵挡不了美食的诱惑，故A项正确。]

　　4．If the passage appears in the newspaper，you think it should belong to ________ Column.

　　A．Holidays and Festivals

　　B．Health and Fitness

　　C．Fashion and Frontier

　　D．Student Times Club

　　答案　B　[推理理解题。本文谈论的是在假期如何正确安排饮食，保持正常体重的问题，应该出现在报纸的“健康健美”栏目。]

　　5．The best title for the passage would probably be ______.

　　A．How to avoid holiday feasting and celebrating

　　B．Dos and Don'ts for keeping slim and fit

　　C．How to avoid weight gain over holidays

　　D．Wonderful holiday，boring weight

　　答案C [主旨大意题。由第二段“Here are some tips for preventing weight gain and maintaining physical fitness”和下文的黑标题可以判断文章的主旨为C项。]