2017届高中英语一轮复习精品学案：【外研版】必修3 Module1—6

　　Europe

　　必修 3

　　重点句型

　　1. Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.

　　意大利在欧洲的南端,位于地中海沿岸。

　　2. In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China?

　　与中国相比,在大小及人口方面,欧盟有多大？

　　3. The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.

　　扩大了的欧盟人口超过5亿,相当于美国人口的两倍。

　　句型探究

　　1. Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.

　　意大利在欧洲的南端,位于地中海沿岸。

　　be in the south of

　　在……的南部(在内部)

　　Shenzhen is in the south of China.

　　深圳在中国的南方。

　　表示“某物在哪个方向”有以下几种表达法：

　　be on the south of

　　在……的南边(表接壤)

　　be to the south of

　　在……以南 (在外部,不接壤)

　　be south of

　　在……的南部(不指明在内还是在外),借助there 构成there be 结构。其中的 south 可根据实际情况用 west, north, east等表方位的名词替换。

　　句型探究

　　Shanxi is on the north of Henan.

　　山西在河南的北面。

　　North Korea is to the east of China.

　　朝鲜在中国的东边。

　　There is a river north of our village.

　　我们村庄北面有一条小河。

　　注意： 把表示方位、地点的介词或副词及短语放在句首时,句子用倒装语序。

　　East of our school lies a railway.

　　我们学校东面有条铁路。

　　In the west of the city is the house.

　　那房子在城市的西部。

　　句型探究

　　2. In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China?

　　与中国相比,在大小及人口方面,欧盟有多大？

　　compare…with…

　　把……与……相比

　　If you compare her work with his, you

　　要是把他俩的工作比较一下,就会发现她的好得多。

　　句型探究

　　compare…to…

　　把……比作……

　　compared to / with…

　　与……相比(常作状语)

　　Poets compared death to sleep.

　　诗人把死亡比作睡觉。

　　Compared with/to many women, she was indeed very lucky.

　　与许多妇女相比,她的确很幸运。

　　3. The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the United States.

　　扩大了的欧盟人口超过5亿,相当于美国人口的两倍。

　　倍数+as +形容词(副词)+as

　　This big stone is three times as heavy as that one.

　　这块大石头的重量是那块的3倍。

　　Developing and Developed Countries

　　必修 3

　　1

　　1. From this agreement came the Human Development Report.

　　人类发展报告就出自这一协议。

　　2. Beijing doesn’t have as many freeways as Sydney does.

　　北京没有悉尼那么多的高速公路。

　　3. It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age,…

　　它是有着相似的面积和年代的城镇之间的一份协议,……

　　重点句型

　　1. From this agreement came the Human Development Report.

　　人类发展报告就出自这一协议。

　　本句为倒装句,介词短语位于句首时用于强调方位或方式,句子用完全倒装形式。正常语序是：The Human Development Report came from this agreement.

　　句型探究

　　常见的完全倒装句式：

　　①副词(there / here, now, then, up, down, away, in, out)+谓语+主语(名词)

　　Here comes the train to Beijing.

　　去北京的火车来了。

　　②作地点状语的介词短语+谓语+主语(名词)

　　At the front of the hall sat the headmaster.

　　校长坐在大厅的前面。

　　In this paragraph can be found an answer.

　　在这段里能找到答案。

　　③there +be (live, stand, lie 等表示存在的动词)+ 主语

　　2. Beijing doesn’t have as many freeways as Sydney does.

　　北京没有悉尼那么多的高速公路。

　　as many freeways as Sydney does 为比较状语从句,as many…as “和……一样多,有……之多”(修饰可数名词)。

　　He has learned as many English words as his brother has.

　　他已学了和他哥哥同样多的英文单词。

　　句型探究

　　as much…as 和……一样多,有……之多 (修饰不可数名词)

　　She spread as much butter on her bread as Jane usually does.

　　她在面包上涂的黄油与珍通常涂的一样多。

　　3. It's an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age…

　　它是有着相似的面积和年代的城镇或城市之间的一份协定……

　　“be of ＋抽象名词”常用来描述人或事物的特征。

　　The two girls are of the same age.

　　这俩女孩年龄相同。

　　The meeting being held is of great importance.(＝The meeting being held is very important.)

　　正在举行的会议很重要。

　　The Violence of Nature

　　必修 3

　　1. They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.

　　它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。

　　2. On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.

　　平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡,1,500人受伤。

　　重点句型

　　3. By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed…

　　等到风停时，已有700多人死亡……

　　4. Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean, only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide.

　　梦塞拉特岛是加勒比海上的一个美丽小岛，仅有16 千米长,10 千米宽。

　　重点句型

　　1. They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.

　　它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。

　　①where it was中的it指“furniture”。furniture是不可数名词；“一件家具”可译为a piece of furniture 或 an article of furniture。

　　②where it is 是地点状语从句。

　　Where there is a will，there is a way.

　　有志者，事竟成。

　　2. Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean, only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide.

　　梦塞拉特岛是加勒比海上的一个美丽小岛,仅有16千米长,10千米宽。

　　表示“长,宽,深,高,厚,年龄等”的句型：

　　①主语+be+数词+单位词+形容词(如long / wide / high / tall / thick / deep / old等)

　　The building is 90 meters high.

　　这建筑物高90米。

　　句型探究

　　②主语+be+数词+单位词+in+名词(如length / width / height / depth / age等)

　　The building is 90 metres in height.

　　这建筑物高90米。

　　③This is a +(数词-单位词-形容词)+名词

　　This is a 60–metre–long bridge.

　　这是一座长60米的桥。

　　Sandstorms in Asia

　　必修 3

　　1

　　1. They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.

　　沙尘暴经常是很厚的,以至于你看不到太阳,而且风有时大得能够刮动沙丘。

　　2. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.

　　暴风有时持续一整天,车辆开得很慢,因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。

　　重点句型

　　3. I can’t help but feel very concerned.

　　我禁不住感到很担心。

　　4. The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled.

　　然后把垃圾运走,倘若可能的话,予以回收利用。

　　重点句型

　　1. The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled.

　　然后把垃圾运走,倘若可能的话,予以回收利用。

　　if possible是if it is possible 的省略形式。当if, when,while,until, unless, once, whether 等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同,并且从句中含有系动词be时,或从句的主语是it 且含有be 动词时,从句中的主语及部分谓语(be动词)可省略。

　　If possible, she wants to go with us.

　　可能的话,她想跟我们一起去。

　　句型探究

　　if引导省略的情况有下列几种：

　　if any 如果有的话

　　if necessary 如果有必要的话

　　if so 如果是这样的话

　　if ever 如果曾经有的话

　　if not 如果不这样的话

　　Inflation may be rising, if so, prices will go up.

　　通货膨胀率可能上升,如果那样的话,物价就会上升。

　　He is a great musician, if ever,there is one.

　　如果曾经有过伟大的音乐家,那他就是一个。

　　2. I can’t help but feel very concerned.

　　我禁不住感到很担心。

　　can’t help but+动词原形，意为“禁不住做某事”，相当于can’t help doing sth.

　　句型探究

　　Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China

　　必修 3

　　1

　　1. Treat others in the way you want to be treated.

　　以其人之道还治其人之身。

　　2. Confucius (551BC-479BC) is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.

　　孔子(公元前551-公元前479)是影响最大的哲学家。

　　重点句型

　　3. Often, the reason why people are unhappy is that they do not have enough love.

　　通常，人们之所以不高兴的原因是他们没有得到足够的爱。

　　4. With the Industrial Revolution, factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.

　　由于工业革命,工厂出现了,大规模的生产第一次成为可能。

　　重点句型

　　1.With the Industrial Revolution, factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.

　　由于工业革命,工厂出现了,大规模的生产第一次成为可能。

　　for +the+序数词(first,second, last 等)+ time 表达“第……次”,在句中作状语。

　　句型探究

　　I went to a baseball game for the first time last Saturday.

　　上周六我第一次去看棒球赛。

　　They fell in love when they met in New York for the first time.

　　他们在纽约一见钟情。

　　句型探究

　　“This / It is / was the first (second…etc.) time (for sb.)+that从句” 这是某人第一(二……等)次做某事,that 可省略,从句用完成时态。

　　the first (second…etc.)time 相当于一个连词,常引导一个表示时间的状语从句,意为“第一(二……等)次做某事的时候”。

　　This is the second time that I have visited China.

　　这是我第二次来中国。

　　The first time he came to Shanxi, he visited Taiyuan.

　　他第一次来山西时,曾游览了太原。

　　2. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.

　　孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。

　　在the reason why…is that…(……的原因是……)这一句型中，why引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词reason；that引导的是表语从句，说明reason的具体内容。

　　The reason why some people died young is that they didn't care much about their health.

　　一些人早逝的原因是他们不爱护自己的身体健康。

　　Old and New

　　必修 3

　　重点句型

　　1. It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.

　　它花了6年建成,耗资200亿美元。

　　2. A temple is a place of great importance to Buddhists.

　　寺庙对佛教徒来说是一个很重要的地方。

　　3. Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged?

　　既然这些遗迹都被淹没,还有再看到它们的可能吗？

　　句型探究

　　1.It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.

　　它花了6年建成,耗资200亿美元。

　　It takes sb.some time to do sth. (某人)花费若干时间做某事。it 为形式主语,后面的不定式短语to do sth. 是真正的主语。此句型除了表示“花费时间干某事”,还可表示“需要某种特殊品质(耐力、努力等)做某事”。

　　It took him two hours to read the book.

　　=He took two hours to read the book.

　　=Reading the book took him two hours.

　　他花了两个小时读这本书。

　　It took two hours but it was worth it, as everyone told me I looked very elegant!(选修7Module 2)

　　这花了我两小时，不过很值得，因为每个人都说我看来端庄典雅。

　　spend, pay, cost, take

　　①spend 的宾语既可以是时间,也可以是金钱,动作发出者(主语)必须是人。常用结构：①sb. spends time/money on sth.

　　②sb.spends time/money (in)doing sth.

　　He spent four years (in) writing the book.

　　他花了4年写这本书。

　　②pay 一般表示“付钱”,主语是人,有被动语态。常用结构：pay sb.money for sth.

　　He paid the salesgirl 60 yuan for the dictionary.

　　他付给售货员60元买这本字典。

　　③cost 的宾语通常是钱、时间、劳力。也可以表达“使失去(生命,健康)”。主语是物,没有被动语态。常用结构：cost (sb.) sth.

　　It cost me four thousand yuan to make the journey.

　　这次旅行花了我4000元。

　　④take 表示“花费”时,往往只用于表示时间,主语常是it 形式主语,不定式或事物类名词。常用结构：It takes sb. some time to do sth.

　　It will take us at least one year to complete the bridge.

　　修这座桥要花我们至少一年的时间。

　　2. A temple is a place of great importance to Buddhists.

　　寺庙对佛教徒来说是一个很重要的地方。

　　be of importance=be important 重要的

　　be of +抽象名词= be +名词的形容词形式。

　　The matter is of great importance to us.

　　=The matter is very important to us.

　　这件事对我们很重要。

　　be of great (much) value / importance /

　　use / help=be very valuable / important / useful / helpful

　　It is very important for students to spend enough time studying.

　　=It is of great importance for students to spend enough time studying.

　　有足够的时间学习,对学生来说很重要。