2016届高考英语二轮复习考点精炼：专题5 动词与动词短语

　　专题五　动词与动词短语

　　针对高考训练

　　一、单项填空

　　1.The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to 　 your anger. 

　　A.put down B.hold back

　　C.keep up D.cut off

　　答案:B

　　解析:句意:如果你俩任何一方能够忍住怒气的话,这场打斗就会避免了。hold back在此表示control之意,符合句意。put down“记下,放下,镇压”;keep up“保持”;cut off“切断”。

　　2.(2017届江苏无锡洛社高级中学高三联考)He is out of work,feeling as if he has 　 nothing. 

　　A.established B.accomplished

　　C.abolished D.guaranteed

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查动词词义辨析。句意:他失业了,觉得自己一无所成。establish“建立”;accomplish“创建”;abolish“废除,废止;取消等;完成;达到(目的)”;guarantee“保证;担保”。故选B项。

　　3.Since you are always working hard at your lessons,your efforts will 　. 

　　A.pay off B.pay for

　　C.pay back D.pay out

　　答案:A

　　解析:考查动词短语辨析。pay off “还清;成功;奏效”;pay for “支付”;pay back “偿还”;pay out “付出,报复”。

　　4.Gillian’s been working hard these days.The position of sales manager,which is still vacant in his company,　 him very much. 

　　A.appeals to B.turns to

　　C.applies to D.occurs to

　　答案:A

　　解析:第二句话的句意:公司的销售部经理的职位一直空缺,这对吉莉安很有吸引力。appeal to“吸引”;turn to“向……求助”;apply to“应用”;occur to“发生”。

　　5.(2017届浙江温州十校联合体高三联考)Lucy found one of her friends had been 　 after she finished the invitations to her wedding party. 

　　A.taken out B.put out

　　C.picked out D.left out

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意:露西在发完婚礼请柬后发现她的一位朋友被漏掉了。take out“拿出”;put out“扑灭;出版”;pick out“挑选,辨认出”;leave out“落下;不提及,不包括”。从句意可知选D项。

　　6.When people started questioning his explanation,he had to 　 more details. 

　　A.make of B.make for

　　C.make up D.make into

　　答案:C

　　解析:句意:当人们开始质疑他的解释时,他不得不编造更多的细节来掩饰。make up“编造”。

　　7.— You know I dropped medicine and 　 physics. 

　　— You made a right decision.

　　A.took up B.took in

　　C.took apart D.took off

　　答案:A

　　解析:take up“开始从事”;take in“欺骗”;take apart“拆开”;take off“脱下”。句意:——你知道我放弃了医学,开始从事物理。——你作了一个正确的决定。

　　8.(2017山东潍坊实验中学模拟)She 　 an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. 

　　A.turned down B.dealt with

　　C.took after D.came across

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意:昨天她在商场购物的时候,遇到一个老朋友。turn down“声音调低;拒绝”;deal with“处理”;take after“长得像”;come across“遇到,发现”。

　　9.It 　 wonderful for me to 　 on a flying plane enjoying white sea-like clouds. 

　　A.feels;seat B.is felt;be seating

　　C.feels;be seated D.is felt;seated

　　答案:C

　　解析:第一个空表示“给人的感觉是……”,feel是系动词,不用被动形式。seat作动词用时与人称代词是被动关系,故用be seated。

　　10.Surely it doesn’t matter who has donated the money to the organization,what 　is what they do with it. 

　　A.counts B.applies

　　C.stresses D.functions

　　答案:A

　　解析:考查动词辨析。句意:当然,到底是谁给这个机构捐的钱不是重要的事情,真正重要的是他们怎么处理这笔钱。此处要用count表示“重要”。apply“申请;应用”;stress“强调”;function“起作用;运行”。

　　1.Twelve years ago,my mother gave birth to the most beautiful little girl.　1　,we were later given the 　2　 that this little girl,who was three and a half months old,would only have 14 days on earth.It’s hard to understand what kind of 　3　 you have when you find out that you’re 　4　 something that you don’t even know. 

　　As time went on,the number of days kept growing,which gave us　5　.When the doctors said that we could take her home,that was 　6　 reality hit.We had no　7　. 

　　I am from a small town with　8　 hospitals,but when you don’t have money,you just don’t have it.My mother tried for days to get the money,but nothing　9　 each time.A caseworker(社会工作者) was even doing her best.It’s 　10　 that it almost felt as if we had to　11　 a baby from the hospital. 

　　One day the caseworker walked into her boss’s office to　12　 again.As she walked out,　13　down yet again,out of nowhere a man walked up to her.He　14　 her a handful of money and said,“Please give this to the lady in　15　,so she can take her daughter home.” She looked down at her hand with tears in her eyes.As she looked back up to thank him,he was　16　.They searched all over that hospital and he was no where to be 　17　. 

　　Thanks to the guy that I will 　18　 know,we could take home that 　19　baby girl that was only given 14 days to live,and celebrated her 12th birthday yesterday.I am grateful to this man and feel that his act of 　20　 should be shared with everyone. 

　　1A.Besides B.However

　　C.Otherwise D.Therefore

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查句子间的逻辑关系。此处是转折关系。

　　2.A.idea B.order

　　C.point D.news

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查语境中名词的辨析。that 引导的是同位语从句,根据句意可知此处是“噩耗”之意。

　　3.A.character B.feeling

　　C.habit D.friendship

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。作者的小妹妹非常漂亮,这本是好事,可是医生突然宣布死神将很快夺走她的生命,这种“感觉”难以理解。

　　4.A.wasting B.losing

　　C.explaining D.gaining

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查上下文暗示。根据医生透露的消息可知,小妹妹只能存活14天,全家会很快“失去”她。

　　5.A.trouble B.freedom

　　C.hope D.information

　　答案:C

　　解析:考查生活常识。第一段提到小妹妹只能活14天,而此处提到随着时间的推移她的存活时间不断延长,这显然给了全家“希望”。

　　6.A.how B.where

　　C.whether D.when

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。联系上下文便知用when,其他三项均不适合。

　　7.A.money B.knowledge

　　C.shelter D.car

　　答案:A

　　解析:参考下一段可知。

　　8.A.modern B.large

　　C.small D.good

　　答案:C

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。承接上文的small一词。

　　9.A.set up B.came up

　　C.made up D.gave up

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查短语搭配。come up 此处是“发生”之意。

　　10.A.interesting B.necessary

　　C.sad D.impossible

　　答案:C

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。作者的母亲为了筹钱东奔西走,结果总是空手而归;社会工作者虽然竭尽全力,仍然无能为力。这种现实让人感到十分“悲伤”。

　　11.A.save B.protect

　　C.visit D.buy

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。作者一家人为了把小妹妹带回家需要千方百计四处筹钱,可是没有任何结果。这几乎让作者一家人感到好像是从医院“购买”孩子一样。

　　12.A.apologize B.try

　　C.research D.interview

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查上下文暗示。参考上文的doing her best和下文的again。

　　13.A.moved B.let

　　C.knelt D.fell

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。此处的let sb.down表示“使人失望”。

　　14.A.took B.handed

　　C.paid D.lent

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。根据下文的内容可知这位神秘的男士想帮助作者一家人渡过难关,所以把钱“递”给社会工作者,让她转交给作者的母亲。

　　15.A.danger B.advance

　　C.reward D.need

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查短语搭配。in need表示“处于困境”。

　　16.A.shy B.gone

　　C.disappointed D.proud

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。根据下一句内容可知,当这个社会工作者去感谢他时,他已经走了。

　　17.A.avoided B.persuaded

　　C.found D.stopped

　　答案:C

　　解析:考查上下文的暗示。他们找遍了整个医院,都没“发现”他。

　　18.A.even B.never

　　C.almost D.still

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查逻辑推理。nowhere可以作为提示词。

　　19.A.nervous B.naughty

　　C.beautiful D.dangerous

　　答案:C

　　解析:考查上下文对照。此处与第一段第一句中的the most beautiful little girl相呼应。

　　20.A.courage B.kindness

　　C.gentleness D.politeness

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查语篇理解。男士是替别人着想,为别人排忧解难,这是“善良”的行为。

　　三、阅读理解

　　1.Below is some advice on how to sleep better.

　　1Maintain a regular bed and wake time schedule

　　Go to bed at the same time every night.Choose a time when you normally feel tired,so that you don’t toss or turn.Try not to break this routine on weekends when it may be tempting to stay up late.If you want to change your bedtime,help your body adjust by making the change in small daily increments,such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day.As with your bedtime,try to maintain your regular wake-time even on weekends.

　　2Fight after-dinner drowsiness(睡意)

　　If you find yourself getting sleepy after dinner,get off the couch and do something mildly stimulating to avoid falling asleep,such as washing the dishes,calling a friend,or getting clothes ready for the next day.If you give in to the drowsiness,you may wake up later in the night and have trouble getting back to sleep.

　　3Keep your room dark and cool

　　When it’s time to sleep,make sure that your environment is dark.Even dim lights — especially those from TV or computer screens — can confuse the body clock.Heavy curtains or shades can help block light from windows,or you can try an eye mask to cover your eyes.The temperature of your bedroom also affects sleep.A bedroom that is too hot or too cold can interfere with quality of sleep.

　　4Turn off your television

　　Many people use the television to fall asleep or relax at the end of the day.You may even have a television in your bedroom.However,television actually stimulates the mind,rather than relaxing it.Part of this is due to content.Late night news and prime time shows frequently have disturbing,violent material.Even non-violent programming can have commercials that are jarring and loud.

　　5Exercise early

　　Exercise helps promote restful sleep if it is done several hours before you go to bed.Exercise can help you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly — as long as it’s done at the right time.Try to finish exercising at least three hours before bed or work out earlier in the day.

　　6Consult your doctor

　　Use a sleep diary and talk to your doctor.Note what type of sleep problem is affecting your sleep or if you are sleepy when you wish to be awake and alert.Try these tips and record your sleep and sleep-related activities in a sleep diary.If problems continue,discuss the sleep diary with your doctor.There may be an underlying cause and you will want to be properly diagnosed.Your doctor will help treat the problem or may refer you to a sleep specialist.

　　【语篇导读】 这是一篇介绍性说明文。作者从几个方面分析并解决我们在睡觉方面所遇到的问题。

　　1To prevent yourself from sleeping too much on weekends,you should 　. 

　　A.go to bed at usual time

　　B.go to bed 15 minutes earlier than usual

　　C.go to bed at any time

　　D.make an adjustment to your bedtime

　　答案:A

　　解析:细节理解题。根据“Maintain a regular bed and wake time schedule”部分中的“As with your bedtime,try to maintain your regular wake-time even on weekends.”可知作者劝我们在周末也要遵守正常的睡眠时间。

　　2.Which of the following makes it easier for you to have a sound sleep?

　　A.Watching violent programmes before going to bed.

　　B.Using heavy curtains or an eye mask to block light.

　　C.Changing your bedtime only a little every day.

　　D.Completing your workout just before bedtime.

　　答案:B

　　解析:细节理解题。根据“Keep your room dark and cool”部分中的“Heavy curtains or shades can help block light from windows,or you can try an eye mask to cover your eyes.”可知厚重的窗帘或者戴上眼罩都有助于睡眠质量。A项明显错误。C项是用来改变睡眠习惯的做法。D项中的just改为at least three hours。

　　3.The following ways can help fight after-dinner drowsiness EXCEPT 　. 

　　A.making a telephone call

　　B.doing some washing

　　C.having a rest on the sofa

　　D.taking a walk outside

　　答案:C

　　解析:细节理解题。在“Fight after-dinner drowsiness”部分中,“打电话”,“洗刷”或“散步”都提到了,只有C项没有提到。

　　4.If your sleep problems continue,you’d better 　. 

　　A.move into a new house

　　B.turn to the doctor for help

　　C.change your present job

　　D.discuss it with your family

　　答案:B

　　解析:细节理解题。根据“Consult your doctor”部分中的“If problems continue,discuss the sleep diary with your doctor.”可知作者认为如果睡眠问题仍然存在的话,最好请教医生。