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2016届广东省天河区高考英语二轮语法复习精讲精练:强调句

发布时间:2017-03-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  强调句精讲精炼

  ●核心考核要点解读

  在高考试题中命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查,同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结,全面把握,深入研究。强调句主要有以下四大考点:

  (1)考查强调句式的基本结构

  (2)考查含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式

  (3)考查强调句式的疑问句

  (4)考查强调句式的正确判断

  强调句在高考中一般都不是以直接陈述句形式出现的,往往以一般疑问句式或特殊疑问句式出现;一定要注意判断正确,该句是否是强调句;强调状语时,连接词只能用that,强调人时则还可用who或whom。

  ●重要知识要点突破

  强调句

  强调句是一种修辞,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式,下面简单归纳它的几种结构:

  一、用助动词“do(does/did)+动词原形”来表示强调。

  He does know the place well.他的确很熟悉这个地方。

  Do write to me when you get there.你到那儿后务必给我来信。

  二、用形容词very,only,single,such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气。

  That’s the very textbook we used last term.这正是我们上学期用过的教材。

  You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.你是这里惟一会讲汉语的人。

  Not a single person has been in the shop this morning.

  今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。

  How dare you buy such expensive jewels?你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢?

  三、用ever,never,very,just等副词和badly,highly,really等带有-ly的副词来进行强调。Why ever did you do so?你究竟为什么要这么做?

  He never said a word the whole day.一整天,他一句话也没说。

  You’ve got to be very,very careful.你一定得非常非常小心。

  This is just what I wanted.这正是我所要的。

  He was badly wounded.他伤得很严重。

  I really don’t know what to do next.我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。

  四、用in the world,on earth,at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句)。

  Where in the world could he be?他到底会在哪儿?

  What on earth is it?它究竟是什么?

  Do you know at all?你到底知不知道?

  五、用感叹句来表示强烈的感情,突出说话人的情感。

  How interesting a story it is!这是一个多么有趣的故事啊!

  Oh,what a lie!啊,真是弥天大谎!

  六、用重复来表示强调。

  Why!why!The cage is empty!啊!啊!箱子是空的。

  They walked for miles and miles.他们走了好多英里。

  七、用倒装句(也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首)来加强语气。

  On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点)

  Many a time have I climbed that hill.我多次翻过那座山。

  Only in this way can we solve this problem.只有这样,我们才能解决这个问题。

  八、用强调句型“It is(was)+被强调的部分+that(who)+原句其他部分”来强调说话人的意愿。

  It was on Monday night that all this happened.所有这一切发生在周一晚上。

  It’s me that he blamed.他怪的是我。

  九、用if来表示强调。

  1.if从句+I don’t know

  who/what,etc.does/is/has,etc.;主语部分也可以用nobody does/is/has,etc.或every body does/is/has,etc.来代替(这里的if从句往往是正话反说,反话正说):

  If he can’t do it,I don’t know who can.要是他做不了这件事,我不知道还有谁能做。(强调只有他能做)

  If Jim is a coward,everybody is.要是吉姆是个胆小鬼,那么人人都是胆小鬼。(强调吉姆不是胆小鬼)

  2.if从句+it be主句(此用法可看成是第8中强调句型的变形,即把所要强调的内容放在it be的后面,把其他内容放在由if引导的从句中)。

  If anyone knew the truth,it was Tom.如果说谁了解事实的真相,那便是汤姆。

  If there is one thing he loves,it is money.如果说世界上还有他爱的东西,那便是金钱。

  十、用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调,加强语气。

  It’s because of hard work—ten years of hard work.

  那是因为艰苦的工作——十年艰苦的工作!

  He began the work in late May.他在五月底开始的这项工作。

  知识解读

  1.使用强调句型进行强调

  强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分

  The old man spent a whole morning repairing that old bicycle.

  →It is the old man that/who spent a whole morning repairing that old bicycle.

  →It is a whole morning that the old man spent repairing that bicycle.

  2.使用倒装句进行强调

  见上(倒装)

  3.利用词语进行强调

  (1)用very强调名词

  You are the very person for this job. 

  (2)用right/just强调副词性词组

  I put that book right here a moment ago.

  My key was right in my own hand when I tried to find it everywhere.

  (3)用ever强调

  When will you ever learn to listen to others?

  This is the best ever!

  (4)用助动词do强调动词

  I do think you are a good person.

  I did call you last night, but you were not in.

  (一)强调句句型

  1、陈述句的强调句型:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其它部分。

  e.g. It was yesterday thathe met Li Ping.

  2、一般疑问句的强调句型:同上,只是把is/ was提到it前面。

  e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

  3、特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分?

  e.g. When and where was it that you were born?

  4、强调句例句:针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

  强调主语:It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.

  强调宾语:It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.

  强调地点状语:It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.

  强调时间状语:It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

  5、注意:构成强调句的it本身没有词义;强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that, who不可省略;强调句中的时态只用两种,一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was … ,其余的时态用It is … 。

  (二)not … until … 句型的强调句

  1、句型为:It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分

  e.g. 普通句:He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

  强调句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

  2、注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型,till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。

  (三)谓语动词的强调

  1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/ does或did。

  e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。

  He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。

  Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊!

  2、注意:此种强调只用do/ does和did ,没有别的形式;过去时用did ,后面的谓语动词用原形。

  【考点诠释】

  仔细研究近年高考题,我们不难发现强调句倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查,同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结,

  1、强调部分从短语向句子过渡。

  It is what you do rather than what you say________matters.

  A. that

  B. what

  C. which

  D. this

  在例子中强调了主语从句what you do rather than what you say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句,并且由rather than引出 

  答案:A 

  还原为:What you do matters, not what you say matters

  2、 强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。

  强调句的否定句形式为:It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who ...

  强调句的一般疑问句形式为:Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who ...?

  强调句的特殊疑问句形式为:疑问词 + is / was it + that / who ...?

  (1). Was it in 1969________the American astronaut succeeded________landing on the moon?

  A. when; on

  B. that; on

  C. when; in

  D. that; in

  答案:B 

  (2). —________ that he managed to get the information?

  —Oh, a friend of his helped him.

  A. Where was it

  B. What was it

  C. How was it

  D. Why was it

  答案:C

  3、从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从句中,增加判断句子的难度。

  David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature________he chose the course.

  A. that

  B. what

  C. why

  D. how

  例:强调句型却出现在宾语从句中,考生须熟练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。

  4、干扰因素增多,增加了与其它相似句型的辨析,尤其是it开头的句子。

  考查强调句与非强调句的辨别

  1. 设置陷阱,使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如:

  It might have been John ______ bought a present for Mary yesterday.

  A. that

  B. when

  C. what

  D. which

  【解析】答案选A,为强调句型,由于句中动词be采用了might have been这一复杂结构,所以许多同学们可能会看不出它是一个强调句型。(from www.nmet168.com)

  2. 设置陷阱,使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如:

  It was evening

  we reached the little town of Winchester.

  A. that

  B. until

  C. since

  D. before

  【解析】答案选D。有的考生一看到句首的it was,再联系到选项中的that,就以为这是考查强调句。其实错了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉It was…that这一结构后,原句不能成为一个完整的句子,所以这不是强调结构。句意是:我们还没有到达Winchester这个小镇,天就夜了。

  备考要点

  我们在平时的复习备考中应尽量做到:

  1.考前应认真研读高考题目,了解高考题目的立意方向和设问风格,做到知彼知己,百战不殆。

  2.加强语法专项练习,反复训练,确保记忆准确,掌握牢固。

  3.要真正理解,切莫机械记忆,注意知识间的交叉。注意强调句和其他几种从句的关系,认真对照,找出异同,做到举一反三。

  4.掌握强调句的基本式及其变式,高考的考查方向一向以实用为主,故可能会在长句中考查。建议大家从题型入手,仔细分析强调句的内部结构,以不变应万变。

  5. 掌握强调句的基本式及其变式,高考的考查方向一向以实用为主,故可能会在长句中考查。建议大家从题型入手,仔细分析强调句的内部结构,以不变应万变。

  【2016高考模拟试题精讲精炼】

  1. You have to move out of the way

  the truck cannot get past you.

  A. so

  B. or

  C. and

  D. but

  【答案】B 【解析】此处or表示“否则”。句意:你必须躲开,否则卡车过不去。

  【考点】考查并列连词。

  . — I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.

  — _________. I can’t stand all this rain. www. A. I don’t care

  B. It’s hard to say

  C. So am I

  D. I hope not

  【答案】C

  【解析】当表示后者与前者具有相同特征的时候,后者用倒装的形式;肯定用so,否定用nor或neither构成。I can’t stand all this rain可知,I’m sick and tired of the weather表达同样的感受,So am I,“我也是”。句意:---我不了解你。我讨厌这种天气。---我也是。我无法忍受整天下雨。

  【考点】考查倒装句的用法。

  3. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor______ it a thought.

  A. does he even given

  B. he even gives

  C. whether

  D. he will even given

  【考点】特殊句式—倒装结构

  【答案】C

  【解析】空白处前为否定词“nor”位于句首,句子应该使用部分倒装结构,而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时,C选项符合题意。因此,正确答案为C选项。

  技巧点拨:考查倒装。否定副词never位于句首,句子应该使用部分倒装结构;根据语境即关键词before,句子应该用现在完成时,故正确答案为C选项。www.

  . It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East Africa

  A. when

  B. that

  C. after

  D. since

  【考点】特殊句式—强调句型

  【答案】B

  【解析】句子虽然比较长,但是其主干为强调句型,是对“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”进行了强调,由此可知,空白处应该填写“that”。因此,正确答案为B选项。

  技巧点拨:考查强调句型。分析题干,句子是强调句型的一般疑问句,是对地点状语on a lonely island进行强调,故正确答案为B选项。

  . —You ought to have made an apology to Tom yesterday evening.

  —Yes, I know I __

  __.

  A.ought to have

  B.have to

  C.should

  D.must have

  【答案】 A

  【解析】考查省略用法。在含有ought to句子的简略回答中, 表示过去动作的have不能省略。

  . ____ seems to have been great difficulty in turning out excellent graduates.

  A. That

  B. What

  C. It

  D. There

  【答案】D

  【解析】考查从句的知识。此处是there be句型的变形。

  . —How terrible it is today!

  —

  . A very bad day for swimming, isn't it?

  A. So it is

  B. So is it

  C. Nor it is

  D. Nor is it

  【答案】A

  【解析】考查倒装句的用法。此处表示肯定问话的内容,故用so it is。句意:---今天天气多糟糕啊!---的确是。不是游泳的好天气。. Little

  that the course of his life was about to change then.

  A. he is known

  B. did he know

  C. does he know

  D. is he known

  【答案】B

  【解析】考查倒装句。此处little置于句首,主句部分倒装,根据后文的时态可知用一般过去时。故选B。.By no means

  true that all native speakers of English know their own language very

  well.

  A.is that

  B.that is

  C.is it

  D.it is

  【答案】C

  【解析】考查部分倒装句。否定短语by no means置于句首时,主句部分倒装。

  . The girl spent as much time surfing the Internet as she ______ shopping.

  A. had

  B. did

  C. was

  D. would

  【答案】B

  【解析】考查替代的用法。此处did替代spent。句意:那个女孩上网花费的时间和买东西的时间一样多。

  In front of our house ______ we used to swim.

  A. a river lies that

  B. does a river lie where

  C. lies a river which

  D. lies a river where

  【答案】D

  【解析】考查倒装句。此处介词短语置于句首用全部倒装。相当于:a river lies in front of our house。

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