2017届高考英语一轮复习知识梳理练习：选修6 Unit 18 Beauty（北师大版）

　　Unit 18 Beauty

　　(80分钟106分)

　　Part A

　　一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)

　　A

　　When DeKalb Walcott

　　was just 8 years old,his father,a Chicago fire chief,let him tag along on a call.DeKalb says a lot of kids idolized basketball player Michael Jordan when he was growing up in Chicago in the 1990s.Not him. 

　　“I wanted to be like DeKalb Walcott Jr,” he says to his father.

　　So when his dad asked if he wanted to go on that call with him when he was 8,DeKalb was excited.“I’m jumping up and down,saying,‘Mom,can I go?Can I go?’”

　　The experience changed DeKalb’s life,he tells his dad on a visit to Story Corps.“My eyes got big from the moment the alarm went off.” the younger DeKalb says.“This is the life that I want to live someday.”

　　Now 27,the younger DeKalb is living that life.He became a firefighter at 21 and went to work alongside his dad at the Chicago Fire Department.Before his father retired,the pair even went out on a call together—father supervising(监督) son.

　　“You know,it’s everything for me to watch you grow,” his father says.But he also recalls worrying about one particular fire that his son faced.

　　“I received a phone call that night.And they said,‘Well,your son was at this fire.’ I said,‘OK,which way is this conversation going to go?’” DeKalb Walcott Jr recalls.

　　“And they said,‘but he’s OK.And he put it out all by himself.Everybody here was proud of him.’”

　　“And the word went around,‘Who was out there managing that fire?Oh,that’s Walcott!That’s Walcott up there!’ So,you know,moments like that,it’s heaven on Earth for a dad.”

　　DeKalb Walcott Jr retired in 2009.The younger DeKalb says he’s proud of being a second-generation firefighter.“You know,it makes me look forward to fatherhood as well,because I’m definitely looking forward to passing that torch down to my son.”

　　(2015·广东茂名一模)

　　1.The underlined phrase “tag along” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to. 

　　A.put out fire

　　B.watch basketball

　　C.follow his father

　　D.ask his mother’s permission

　　2.DeKalb Walcott Ⅲ determined to become a firefighter at the age of. 

　　A.8 B.21

　　C.27 D.35

　　3.What did DeKalb Walcott Jr want to do before he was told that the fire was put out?

　　A.Go on with the conversation.

　　B.Put it out all by himself.

　　C.Supervise his son.

　　D.Go to the fire scene.

　　4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A.DeKalb Walcott Jr is proud to be a second-generation firefighter.

　　B.DeKalb Walcott Ⅲ wants his son to become a firefighter too.

　　C.DeKalb Walcott Jr wants to pass the torch to DeKalb Walcott Ⅲ.

　　D.DeKalb Walcott Ⅲ is proud that his son has become an excellent firefighter.

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一家两代人对消防工作的热爱。当DeKalb Walcott

　　8岁的时候他父亲就带他去火灾现场,当时他激动不已,希望自己以后也做一名消防员。现在27岁的他已经成为一名优秀的消防员。

　　1.C　词义推测题。根据前四段内容,尤其是“So when his dad asked if he wanted to go on that call with him when he was 8,DeKalb was excited.”可推断8岁的时候他跟随他父亲去了火灾现场。tag along“跟着去”。

　　2.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二、三段内容可知,DeKalb Walcott Ⅲ 8岁的时候决定成为像父亲一样的消防员。

　　3.D　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段中“And he put it out all by himself.Everybody here was proud of him.”及倒数第二段最后一句话可推断,当DeKalb Walcott Jr听说了儿子的英勇事迹后十分自豪,应当是想亲临火灾现场,应选择D项。

　　4.B　推理判断题。从文章末段DeKalb Walcott 所说的话可知,他希望把接力棒传递给儿子,即希望自己的孩子以后也当消防员。故选择B项。

　　B

　　Modern life is highly dependent on energy to heat buildings,cook food,and run automobiles and machinery.In many volcanic regions geothermal(地热的)resources are exploited either directly for heat,or indirectly for the production of electricity.Geothermal energy may be renewable,if it is used at a lower rate than the natural heating.It is also clean compared with the burning of fossil fuels.

　　Volcanic ash and lava from eruptions often cover large areas of ground and are detrimental to life,but over time these same materials gather to form soils.The resulting volcanic soils have unique physical and chemical features.Some mountainous volcanic regions are famous for their production of coffee or wine,owing to volcanic soils.

　　Volcanic rocks are the most plentiful rock in many areas and are often employed as a building material for structures,road beds and walls.The altered volcanic clay,bentonite(斑脱土),is commonly used in diverse products from drilling mud to cosmetics.

　　Hot springs and fumaroles are often found in close association with volcanoes.This combination has led to the development of many spas and resorts at volcanoes.The attractive mountainous volcanic areas are also attractive sites for hiking,camping,and climbing as well viewing the various surface expressions of volcanic activities.

　　Ironically,much of what we know of some ancient civilizations was instantly protected by the powerful force of volcanic eruptions.Examples include the well-known Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum,and the Bronze Age Akrotiri in the Aegean.

　　While we tend to think about volcanoes primarily while they are erupting,their products and images are found in many places in both ancient and modern life.A world without volcanoes would be a duller,less economically workable,and certainly less interesting.

　　1.The underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to. 

　　A.useful B.burning

　　C.harmful D.valuable

　　2.Volcanoes contribute to us in all the following ways except. 

　　A.exploitation of geothermal resources

　　B.products from volcanic soils and bentonite

　　C.development of volcanic tourist attractions

　　D.combination of volcanic rock and fossil fuels

　　3.The examples in Paragraph 5 are mentioned to tell us that. 

　　A.volcanic eruption destroyed many ancient cities

　　B.volcanoes are wonderful preservers of ancient buildings

　　C.modern cities should be built far away from volcanoes

　　D.volcanoes cause far more damage than people imagine

　　4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A.Economic benefits of volcanic activities

　　B.Advantages and disadvantages of active volcanoes

　　C.Volcanic potential to cause great damage

　　D.Ways of exploiting volcanoes

　　【文章大意】本文是说明文,介绍了火山喷发给人类带来的经济利益。

　　1.C　词义推测题。本句中but后的内容介绍了火山灰和熔岩风化之后形成了肥沃的土壤,可见but之前描述的是火山灰和熔岩的害处,应选择含贬义色彩的词汇,C项符合文意。detrimental意为“不利的,有害的”。

　　2.D　推理判断题。A项内容在第一段提到;B项在第二、三段提到;C项在第四段提到;D项文中未提及,故选择D项。

　　3.B　推理判断题。第五段中的例子是为了说明,火山爆发产生的巨大威力瞬时保护了古代的文明,故选B项。

　　4.A　标题归纳题。文章介绍了火山给人类带来的经济利益。A项符合文意。

　　二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

　　A couple had been married for over 60 years.They shared everything,talked about everything and kept no secrets 1. each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer 2. she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about. 

　　He’d never thought about it ever since.One day 3. woman got very sick and the doctor said she wouldn’t recover.To sort out their affairs,the husband took down the box and 4.(bring) it to his wife’s bedside.She agreed it was time that he should know 5. was in the box. 

　　6.(open) it,he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling $ 25,000.He asked her about the contents.“When we were to be married,” she said,“my grandma told me the secret of happy 7.(marry) was never to argue,and I should just keep quiet and make a mat 8. I got angry with you.” 

　　The man was so 9.(move) that he had to fight back tears.She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving!“Honey,” he said,“that explains the mats,but what about the money?Where did it come from?” 

　　“Oh,” she said,“that’s the money I made from selling 10..”

　　(2015·辽宁师大附中期中考试)

　　1.from。keep no secrets from sb.“对某人无秘密可言,对某人无话不谈”。

　　2.that/which。本句中box为先行词,应用that或which引导定语从句,代指box并作从句的宾语。

　　3.the。此处指前文提到的woman,应加the表示特指。

　　4.brought。本文的主体时态为一般过去时,此处应用brought。

　　5.what。know后的宾语从句中缺少主语,只能用what来引导。

　　6.Opening/Having opened。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处应用现在分词作时间状语。此处也可填入Having opened。

　　7.marriage。此处形容词应修饰名词,marry对应的名词是marriage。

　　8.if/when/whenever。此处应用if引导条件状语从句或用when或whenever引导时间状语从句。

　　9.moved。男人是如此感动以至于他需要尽力忍住眼泪。修饰人用moved。

　　10.them。them指代上文中提及的mats,作宾语,故用代词宾格形式。

　　Part B

　　一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

　　Last spring,Michelle fell in love with kite-boarding,an adventure sport that combines surfing and sailing.So she got a kite-board,took some 　1　 and a few months later drove out to the Banana River.There she met John,who offered to help her 　2　 her skills. 

　　One day,John 　3　 Michelle while his wife,Nancy,stayed behind on a Jet Ski(摩托艇).In that way,there would be 　4　 to bring back Michelle if she got into trouble.After John gave her a few 　5　,he took off.He’d sailed about three quarters of a mile down the river when he felt the wind 　6　.He knew that the stronger the wind grew,the more 　7　 it would be for Michelle to control her board.　8　,he turned and started sailing back toward the two women. 

　　Michelle had 　9　 decided to head for shore.The wind was too strong for her to handle the kite.She prepared to land her 　10　 by releasing one of the four lines that kept the sail in the air.　11　 she didn’t have a chance.She was thrown over the water,still 　12　 to the kite.Seconds later,a huge wind sent the kite upward.Even more dangerous,the sail’s lines started to twist together,round and round.Michelle 　13　 to free from the kite.But she failed. 

　　Nancy was several hundred feet away on the Jet Ski and couldn’t get to her 　14　 enough to help.By then,John had closed in and Michelle felt John 　15　 her out of the water.As she held his arm,he tried to pull the handle but couldn’t 　16　 it.Then suddenly,John let go.At that point,Michelle was sure she would die without him holding 　17　 her.But John had seen Nancy approaching and 　18　 that he’d have a better chance of helping Michelle.He jumped onto the Jet Ski.As the kite dived down,with all his 　19　,he jumped from the Jet Ski onto the kite and dragged it to the water.Finally Michelle was saved. 

　　This experience hasn’t kept Michelle from loving kite-boarding.“Life is fragile(脆弱的),but it’s meant to be 　20　,” she says. 

　　(2015·浙江温州二模)

　　1.A.lectures B.lessons

　　C.skills D.measures

　　2.A.show B.teach

　　C.require D.improve

　　3.A.expected B.controlled

　　C.instructed D.saved

　　4.A.anyone B.everyone

　　C.none D.someone

　　5.A.sails B.chances

　　C.tips D.handles

　　6.A.get up B.slow down

　　C.die down D.pick up

　　7.A.challenging B.exciting

　　C.interesting D.frightening

　　8.A.Amazed B.Worried

　　C.Frustrated D.Surprised

　　9.A.always B.still

　　C.already D.even

　　10.A.board B.line

　　C.boat D.kite

　　11.A.So B.And

　　C.Or D.But

　　12.A.attached B.appealed

　　C.applied D.added

　　13.A.managed B.attempted

　　C.demanded D.advised

　　14.A.bravely B.nearly

　　C.slowly D.quickly

　　15.A.fetch B.bring

　　C.lift D.put

　　16.A.reach B.sense

　　C.remember D.feel

　　17.A.down B.onto

　　C.back D.out

　　18.A.doubted B.insisted

　　C.figured D.pretended

　　19.A.heart B.strength

　　C.care D.consideration

　　20.A.enjoyed B.pleased

　　C.pushed D.spent

　　【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。米歇尔喜欢上了风筝冲浪运动,约翰主动提出教她。但在一次练习中米歇尔遇到了危险,幸亏约翰和南希相助才得以脱险。这次突发事故给她的启示是生命是很脆弱的,应该要享受生活。

　　1.B　根据第一段最后两句判断,应该是她参加了风筝冲浪课程的学习,B项符合文意。take lessons“上课”。

　　2.D　米歇尔是初学者,约翰应该是想帮助她提高技能,D项顺承文意。show“展示”;teach“教”;require“要求”;improve“改进,提高”。

　　3.C　前文提到约翰帮助她提高技能,此处应是“指导”她,应选C项。expect“期待”;control“控制”;instruct“指导”;save“保存,挽救”。

　　4.D　本句是肯定句,应选择D项,意为“如果米歇尔有危险,就会有人把她救回到摩托艇上”。

　　5.C　此处应是传授给她几个小技巧,故选C项。sail“航海”;chance“机会”;tip“方法”;handle“把手”。

　　6.D　get up“起床”;slow down“慢下来,减慢”;die down“逐渐减弱”;pick up“捡起,增加(速度或冲力)”。根据下文“He knew that the stronger the wind grew...”判断,风力在增大。故选D项。

　　7.A　challenging“具有挑战性的”;exciting“令人兴奋的”;interesting“有趣的”;frightening“令人害怕的”。根据常识可知,风越大越具有挑战性。A项符合语境。

　　8.B　由下段中的“Even more dangerous,the sail’s lines started to twist together,round and round.”可知,这项运动有一定的风险性,所以他为两位女士担心,就滑向她们。amazed“感到惊奇的”;worried“感到焦虑的”;frustrated“感到沮丧的”;surprised“感到吃惊的”。

　　9.C　根据下文“The wind was too strong for her to handle the kite.”判断,因风大危险,米歇尔已经决定滑向岸边终止运动。

　　10.D　米歇尔准备放开控制风筝的绳子着陆。

　　11.D　由下文“She was thrown over the water”可知,米歇尔打算着陆,却被抛进了海里。前后句构成转折关系,应选D项。

　　12.A　由下文“Michelle 　13　 to free from the kite.”可知,米歇尔仍然没有摆脱掉绳子,A项符合文意。be attached to“依附在”。appeal“吸引”;apply“应用”;add“加上,增加”。 

　　13.B　由“But she failed.”可知,米歇尔“尝试”摆脱绳子,但失败了。manage“管理”;attempt“企图”;demand“需要”;advise“建议”。

　　14.D　米歇尔遇到危险时,南希离她几百米远,无法快速地过来帮忙。D项符合文意。

　　15.C　由“As she held his arm,he tried to pull the handle...”可知,约翰准备把米歇尔托出水面。lift sb.out of water“把某人托出水”。

　　16.A　约翰试图抓住控制杆,但够不着。reach“触碰,触及”;sense“感觉”;remember“记住”;feel“摸起来,感觉”。

　　17.B　hold onto sb.“抓住某人不放”。

　　18.C　约翰认为他有更好的机会救米歇尔。选择C项。doubt“怀疑”;insist“坚决要求”;figure“估算,认为”;pretend“假装”。

　　19.B　约翰用尽力气,从摩托艇上跳到风筝上,然后把它拽入水中。heart“心脏”;strength“力气”;care“关心”;consideration“考虑”。

　　20.A　通过这次危险的经历,米歇尔感受到生命是脆弱的,应该要享受生活。A项符合语境。

　　二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

　　You think you know your dog.　1　 She probably recognizes you when she sees you.But can a dog tell by simply looking at you whether you have a happy or an angry expression on your face?Researchers in Austria have taught pet dogs to know the difference. 

　　2　 When dog owners shout or speak in a strong,sharp voice,dogs often act guilty and quietly move away from the area. 

　　Recently,researchers found that dogs can look at our faces,and tell the difference between a smile and a frown.The animals were able to recognize a look of approval from one of disapproval.Researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine performed a series of experiments.　3　 They showed the dogs two pictures of either the upper or lower half of a person’s face.On one picture,the person looked happy.The other appeared angry.The dogs were then shown images of the eyes or mouths of people they had never seen before. 

　　4　 Once the dogs learned to recognize which image was happy or angry,they could easily identify the same expressions in pictures of any face.Future studies will try to show whether dogs can learn the meaning of facial expressions.　5　 The researchers’ findings were published in the journal Current Biology.They provide the first solid evidence that humans are not the only species that can read the body language of another species. 

　　(2015·山东济南一模)

　　A.Dogs are very aware of sound.

　　B.Dogs have feelings just as you do.

　　C.But how well does your dog know you?

　　D.They were also shown the left half of the faces used in training.

　　E.Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left alone for a long time.

　　F.They taught dogs to recognize facial expressions.

　　G.For example,whether a frown shows that someone is angry.

　　【文章大意】本文为说明文,文章通过实验表明狗能够辨别出人类的面部表情。

　　1.C　由后句“She probably recognizes you when she sees you.”可知,前句应是“小狗是如何辨认出你的”,故选C项。

　　2.A　第二段提到,当听到主人大声尖叫或呵斥的声音时,狗会表现得内疚或安静离开,因此该段主要讲述狗对主人声音的反应。故选A项。

　　3.F　前文提到了兽医大学的研究者针对狗辨别人类表情所做的实验,因此该句应是指他们教狗如何辨别人类的面部表情。F项顺承文意。

　　4.D　根据后句“Once the dogs learned to recognize which image was happy or angry,they could easily identify the same expressions in pictures of any face.”可知,这里是指在实验中同样给狗出示人类左脸的图片。

　　5.G　根据前文中“Future studies will try to show whether dogs can learn the meaning of facial expressions.”可知,研究者将对狗是否能理解人类面部表情所表达的含义进行研究,故该句进一步举例说明“比如皱眉是否传达生气的信息”。

　　三、短文改错(满分10分)

　　I am exciting to tell you that I get your present on graduation day.I would like to convey my sincere thank to you for your book Society & Culture of the United States.Believe it or not,what you sent me is very book I am anxious for.I have been searching for almost every bookstore in my city for one.I’m sure this book will be of greatly benefit to my further understanding about American society and culture.

　　I couldn’t have made so rapid progress if I hadn’t got your kind help in the past three years.It is your selfless help which makes me confident of achieving good marks in the come college entrance examination.

　　Thank you again for my precious gift.

　　1.第1句:exciting→excited。exciting“令人兴奋的”,表示事物的性质,修饰物;excited“(某人)感到兴奋的”,表示心理状态,修饰人。

　　2.第1句:get→got。收到礼物是过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。

　　3.第2句:thank→thanks。thank作名词,表示“感激,感谢”时,常用复数形式。

　　4.第3句:在very前加the。the very后接名词常用来表示强调。

　　5.第4句:删除almost前的for。search for表示“寻找”,search...for sth.表示“搜查某处寻找某物”。

　　6.第5句:greatly→great。benefit在此为名词,应用形容词great来修饰。

　　7.第6句:so→such。当名词前有many,much,few,little等表示“多”或“少”含义的词修饰时,其前用so,其他情况则用“such+形容词+名词”结构。

　　8.第7句:which→that。此处为强调句型“It is...that...”。

　　9.第7句:come→coming。come为动词,应改为形容词coming,意为“即将到来的”。

　　10.第8句:my→your。礼物是收信人送出的,应把my改为your。

　　四、书面表达(满分25分)

　　(2015·湖北襄阳四校联考)假定你是李华,你的美国笔友John来信告诉你他想在上海迪士尼乐园开放的第一天去参观。请你给他写封回信,要点如下:

　　1.诚挚邀请;

　　2.接机事宜;

　　3.住宿安排;

　　4.行程规划。

　　注意:

　　1.词数100左右;

　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

　　3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。

　　Dear John,

　　I’m so pleased to receive your last letter._____________________________

　　_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　I’m looking forward to seeing you as soon as possible.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【思路点拨】本文属于书信类应用文,时态主要使用一般现在时和一般将来时。考生应当仔细阅读题干所列要点,确保写作时不遗漏,再在此基础上合理安排好文章结构。本文开头可先说明写该信的缘由,接着一一写出所给要点内容,最后提出希望。在遣词造句上,应当注意使用高级词汇和较复杂的句型,并注意合理使用连接成分。

　　【参考范文】

　　Dear John,

　　I’m so pleased to receive your last letter.You are welcome to come to my hometown and visit Shanghai Disneyland when it is first open to the public.I suppose that Disneyland in Shanghai will attract thousands of visitors from home and abroad on its first opening day.So before your leaving for Shanghai,remember to tell me your flight number and the date,and I will go to the airport to meet you personally.I will put you up in my family,for both my parents want to chat with you.After arriving,you can have a good rest at my home.Then I will show you around some places of interest in Shanghai.I have booked the tickets online in advance,so there is no hurry.

　　I’m looking forward to seeing you as soon as possible.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【范文点评】本文语言流畅,结构合理,要点齐全,较好地完成了写作任务。在遣词造句上,能使用时间状语从句、宾语从句、原因状语从句等较复杂的句型,还使用了personally,show sb.around,put sb.up等高级词汇以及and,after,then等连接成分。此外,文中根据实际情况准确地使用了多种时态,如一般现在时、一般将来时、现在完成时等。