2017届高考英语一轮复习知识梳理练习：选修6 Unit 17 Laughter（北师大版）

　　Unit 17 Laughter

　　(60分钟81分)

　　Part A

　　一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)

　　A

　　There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide.Each individual(个体的)ant hardly weighs anything,but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind.They also live nearly everywhere,except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.For animals their size,ants have been astonishingly successful,largely due to their wonderful social behavior.

　　In colonies(群体)that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions,they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization.Where we use sound and sight to communicate,ants depend primarily on pheromones(外激素),chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony.When an ant finds food,it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is.When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying,it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.

　　In fact,when it comes to the art of war,ants have no equal.They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves,attacking in large groups and overcoming their target.Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy. 

　　Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner,these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years,far longer than dinosaurs.Because they think as one,they have a collective(集体的)intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.

　　(2015·安徽高考)

　　1.We can learn from the passage that ants are. 

　　A.not willing to share food

　　B.not found around the poles

　　C.more successful than all other animals

　　D.too many to achieve any level of organization

　　2.Ants can use pheromones for. 

　　A.escape B.communication

　　C.warning enemies D.arranging labor

　　3.What does the underlined expression “take on” in Paragraph 3 mean?

　　A.Accept. B.Employ.

　　C.Play with. D.Fight against.

　　4.Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants?

　　A.Their behavior. B.Their size.

　　C.Their number. D.Their weight.

　　【文章大意】本文是说明文。世界上,蚂蚁的数量繁多。它们群体而居,分工明确,团结一致,共同御敌。

　　1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“They also live nearly everywhere,except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.”可知,在冰封的山顶和地球的两极,人们没有发现蚂蚁。

　　2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Where we use sound and sight to communicate,ants depend primarily on pheromones”可知,蚂蚁可以利用外激素来交流。

　　3.D　词义推测题。根据第三段中“They are completely fearless”以及“attacking in large groups and overcoming their target”可知,它们会攻击敌人。

　　4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner,these little creatures have survived on Earth”可知,是它们的行为让它们在地球上得以生存。

　　B

　　Vienna has beaten Zurich to be crowned the place with the best quality of living in an annual survey in which European cities were among the top 10.

　　Management consultancy Mercer said Vienna scored the highest for overall quality of living in the 215-city survey after improvements in Austria’s political and social environment,knocking the Swiss city of Zurich into second position.Third in the list came another Swiss city,Geneva,followed by Vancouver,Canada,and Auckland,New Zealand,in shared fourth place.Baghdad,Iraq,came last despite slight improvements in its infrastructure(基础设施)and moves to encourage investment.Three German cities made the top 10—Dusseldorf,Munich and Frankfurt—with the list rounded out by Bern in Switzerland and Sydney,Australia.The highest US ranking in the Worldwide Quality of Living Survey was Horiolulu which came 29th while Washington and New York remained in positions 44 and 49 respectively.London came 38th in the list which is designed to help governments and companies plan international packages(酬薪)for their employees. 

　　“As a result of the current financial crisis multinationals are looking to review their international assignment policies with a view to cutting costs,” said Slagin Parakatil,senior researcher at Mercer,in a statement.“Many companies plan to reduce the number of their international employees and localize their packages where possible.”

　　Singapore was the top-scoring Asian city,coming in 26th which was up six places from a year ago due to its growing importance as a financial center and its wide range of international and private schools.Beijing moved up three places to 113,boosted by improvements in public transport facilities from the Olympics.

　　1.The passage is aimed at telling us. 

　　A.global rankings of cities with the best quality of living

　　B.Vienna named the place with the best quality of living

　　C.the packages of international employees

　　D.the quality of living of the world

　　2.Which city moved up the world rankings faster?

　　A.Washington. B.Baghdad.

　　C.Singapore. D.Beijing.

　　3.The underlined phrase “rounded out” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by. 

　　A.followed B.completed

　　C.designed D.figured

　　4.Which of the following is not included in the passage?

　　A.The purpose of the city rankings.

　　B.The reasons for multinationals cutting costs.

　　C.The highest U.S.ranking city.

　　D.The ranking cities in Africa.

　　【文章大意】本文是资讯报道,主要介绍了全球城市的生活质量排名情况。

　　1.A　目的意图题。文章主要目的是告诉我们全球城市的生活质量排名,应选A项。

　　2.C　细节理解题。从第一段可以看出,在全球城市生活质量排行榜上,华盛顿保持原位,巴格达仍处于垫底位置,新加坡比去年上升了6个榜位,北京上升了3个榜位。进步幅度最大的是新加坡,选择C项。

　　3.B　词义推测题。根据本段可知,德国的三大城市、瑞典的伯尔尼和澳大利亚的悉尼跻身排行榜前十位。结合上文提到的前五位,可推测round out意为“圆满完成”。

　　4.D　推理判断题。A项在第二段尾句中提到;B项在第三段第一句中提到;C项在第二段倒数第二句中提到。文中未提到非洲的城市。

　　二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

　　Singles’ Day falls on November 11th every year in China,1. is recognized as a day for people who have no girlfriend or boyfriend.Couples and lovers have Valentine’s Day in 2.(celebrate) of their love,but how about the singles?There must be a day they can celebrate even without a partner.That’s 3. people created Singles’ Day. 

　　On Singles’ Day many singles choose to say goodbye to their single lives,4.(attend) blind date parties,and some people even decide to get 5.(marry) to strangers.6.,this day has recently become more of a time for shopping,because many shops online will give customers great discount 7.(promote) their goods. 

　　More and more people are 8.(will) to shop online to get what they want,and I am one of them.I just can’t help buying things 9. I need them or not.10.(honest) speaking,some of the things that I bought have been put aside forever in my closet. 

　　(2015·河北唐山一中月考)

　　1.which。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,代指Singles’ Day。

　　2.celebration。in celebration of“为庆祝……”。

　　3.why。这就是人们创立“光棍节”的缘由。此处用why引导表语从句。

　　4.attending。attend blind date parties“参加相亲派对”。attending...现在分词短语作伴随状语。

　　5.married。get married to sb.“与某人结婚”。

　　6.However。此处为转折关系,应用副词however。

　　7.to promote。to promote their goods“为了推销他们的商品”。此处用不定式短语表示目的。

　　8.willing。be willing to为固定搭配,意为“愿意”。

　　9.whether。此处用whether引导让步状语从句。whether...or...“无论……还是……”。

　　10.Honestly。honestly speaking为独立主格结构,作插入语,意为“老实说”。

　　Part B

　　一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

　　The professor stood before his class of 10 senior biology students,about to pass out the final exam.“I have been privileged to be your 　1　 this semester,and I know how hard you have all worked to 　2　 for this test.I also know most of you are 　3　 to medical school next fall,”he said to them. 

　　“I am well aware of how much 　4　 you are under to keep your GPAs up,and because I know you are all 　5　 of understanding this material,I am prepared to 　6　 an automatic B to anyone who would 　7　 not to take the final.” 

　　The relief was audible(听得见的)as a number of students jumped up to 　8　 the professor and departed from class.The professor looked at the handful of students who 　9　,and offered again,“Any other takers?This is your last 　10　.”One more student decided to 　11　. 

　　Seven students remained.The professor closed the door and took attendance.Then he 　12　 the final exam.There were two sentences typed on the 　13　: 

　　“　14　,you have just received an A in this class.Keep believing in yourself.” 

　　I 　15　 had a professor who gave a test like that.It may seem like the easy 　16　 of grading exams,but it’s a 　17　 that any teacher in any discipline(治学严谨)could and should give.Students who don’t have 　18　 in what they’ve learned are B students at best. 

　　The same is 　19　 for students of real life.The A students are those who believe in what they’re doing 　20　 they’ve learned from both successes and failures. 

　　(2015·山东德州一中月考)

　　1.A.instructor B.colleague

　　C.relative D.principal

　　2.A.look B.call

　　C.prepare D.send

　　3.A.over B.off

　　C.out D.back

　　4.A.pressure B.control

　　C.threat D.guidance

　　5.A.fond B.afraid

　　C.capable D.worthy

　　6.A.report B.suggest

　　C.introduce D.offer

　　7.A.pretend B.prefer

　　C.deserve D.happen

　　8.A.thank B.scold

　　C.punish D.amuse

　　9.A.stopped B.remained

　　C.gathered D.succeeded

　　10.A.opportunity B.effort

　　C.goal D.1esson

　　11.A.flee B.vote

　　C.go D.exist

　　12.A.handed out B.put down

　　C.set aside D.picked up

　　13.A.desk B.paper

　　C.computer D.blackboard

　　14.A.Cheers B.Congratulations

　　C.Heavens D.Thanks

　　15.A.never B.once

　　C.often D.ever

　　16.A.cause B.way

　　C.design D.structure

　　17.A.help B.mark

　　C.test D.reward

　　18.A.energy B.interest

　　C.patience D.confidence

　　19.A.potential B.true

　　C.impossible D.wrong

　　20.A.because B.although

　　C.when D.unless

　　【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章通过教授对学生进行的一次考试,告诫我们要相信自己,不要让缺乏自信成为成功的绊脚石。

　　1.A　教授对于学生来讲只能是指导员,故答案A正确。instructor“指导员”;colleague“同事”;relative“亲属”;principal“校长”。

　　2.C　prepare for this test“为考试做准备”。教授说知道同学们为了这次考试做了非常认真的准备。

　　3.B　be off to...“去……(地方)”。这里指的是此次考试之后,同学们就会进入到高一级学府去深造。

　　4.A　“我”非常清楚你们为了保持你们的平均成绩上升所承受的压力。pressure “压力”。

　　5.C　你们都能够理解这套试题。be capable of “能够”。

　　6.D　offer sth.to sb.“给某人提供某物”。这里说的是给不愿参加考试的同学一个B。

　　7.B　prefer not to do sth.“不愿意做某事”,这里说的是不愿意参加考试。

　　8.A　很多同学都立即跳起来去感谢(thank)教授,然后离开了教室。不用考试都会得B,在他们看来是件好事,自然会表示感谢。

　　9.B　大部分同学都走了,只留下了少数几个同学。remain“保留,留下”。

　　10.A　教授又说了一遍,“还有离开的吗?这是最后一次机会了。”opportunity“机会”,符合文意。

　　11.C　又有一名同学决定离开,go此处表示“离开”。

　　12.A　教授关上门后开始点名,然后分发期末考试卷。hand out “分发”。

　　13.B　试卷上只打印了两个句子。paper “试卷”。

　　14.B　祝贺你,你在班里得了A。要继续相信自己。表示祝贺用congratulations。

　　15.A　作者谈起自己的感受,从没有一位教授是这样给自己考试的。选择A项。

　　16.B　这是一种给学生分层级的简单的方式,但是它是任何一位治学严谨的教师都应该给学生进行的测试。way “方法,方式”。

　　17.C　give a test“举行测试”。

　　18.D　对自己所学没有自信的学生,充其量就是B等生。confidence“信心”。

　　19.B　The same is true for...为固定短语,意为“……同样如此”。

　　20.A　上下句是因果关系。句意:A等生就是那些相信自己办事能力的人,因为他们既从成功中学得经验,也从失败中吸取教训。

　　二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

　　There are three things that will get you ahead in life:good looks,smarts,and being considered as being smart.　1　 And unluckily most of us are not good-looking.Let’s explore some different ways to become smarter. 

　　2　 College doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll be smarter,just educated.It means you’ll be exposed to many different ideas and hopefully you’ll learn how to think.Being able to think outside the box and for yourself are features smart people possess. 

　　Read books and educational magazines.　3　 Educational magazines are a wealth of knowledge you can share with others,thus making you sound very smart.If you do watch television,try watching something where you can learn. 

　　Expand your vocabulary.Try to learn one new word a week.It doesn’t seem like much,but adding 52 new words to your vocabulary will really make you appear much smarter.Subscribing(订阅)to vocabulary.com is a good start.　4　 This way you’re actually getting 365 words a year,but that is usually more than most people can absorb. 

　　Don’t repeat everything people tell you until you know that it’s true.　5　 They hear a strange claim and they repeat it to the nearest ear.You can do much harm to your seek for being smart if you are known for giving bad information. 

　　(2015·河南洛阳统考)

　　A.The first is God-given.

　　B.Go to college and get an education.

　　C.Get educated inside or outside college.

　　D.You will have a new word sent to your email address daily.

　　E.Reading books works the brain out more than viewing television.

　　F.The programs actually provide you with information you can use.

　　G.Uneducated people and people not considered as being smart tend to do this.

　　【文章大意】本文为说明文,介绍了使人变得更加聪明的几种方法。

　　1.A　由空前的good looks和空后的good-looking可知,A项“长相好看是天生的”顺承文意。

　　2.B　第二段指出了接受大学教育的作用及要求,B项与文意相符。

　　3.E　第三段分析了阅读书籍、教育杂志和看电视对开发智力的作用,E项与之相关。

　　4.D　第四段阐述的是扩大词汇量能够使人聪明,由D项中的“a new word”可知答案。

　　5.G　最后一段告诫我们,要想看上去聪明就不要人云亦云,G项含义与之吻合。

　　三、短文改错(满分10分)

　　Last Sunday,I went to sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park.The park was filled of freshness and beauty of spring,with the sun shining and birds singing.When I was enjoying the fantastic sceneries around,something unpleasant catch my eye.A young couple in a boat were eating,talking and laughing loudly as if we were the only people in the world.What’s bad,they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake,totally ignored the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.

　　Their bad behavior left me deep in thought.If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did,the lake will be severe polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin.I think all us should mind our behavior in public places.Only in this way can we live in more comfortable but beautiful surroundings.

　　1.第1句:删除to。go sightseeing“去观光”为习惯搭配。

　　2.第2句:filled→full或第一个of→with。be filled with和be full of均为“充满……”之意。

　　3.第3句:sceneries→scenery。scenery“风景,景色”,为不可数名词。

　　4.第3句:catch→caught。短文讲述的是上周日发生的事,应用catch的过去式。

　　5.第4句:we→they。主句的主语是第三人称a young couple,从句的主语应与其保持一致。

　　6.第5句:bad→worse。what’s worse为固定结构,意为“更糟糕的是”。

　　7.第5句:ignored→ignoring。they与ignore为主动关系,应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。

　　8.第7句:severe→severely。severe为形容词,不能修饰过去分词,应改为副词severely。

　　9.第8句:在us前加of。all of us意为“我们大家”。

　　10.第9句:but→and。comfortable与beautiful之间为并列关系,应用and。