2017届高考英语一轮复习课件：必修4 Module 4《Great Scientists》（外研版）

　　[归纳拓展] clear away清除；驱散；拿走；收拾 clear up放晴；整理； 清理；打扫 clear one's throat(说话前)清嗓子 make...clear阐明；清楚表明 ①The rain cleared the air. 雨水使空气变得清新。 ②We started our journey shortly after the heavy fog cleared. 大雾消散之后，我们立刻开始了我们的行程。 [高考寻踪] (2015·重庆阅读A)In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. 静静地呆在卧室里，那个故事突然在我的脑海里变得清晰起来。 ③Farmers in the south have also brought in good crops.() ④They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports.() ⑤Experts were brought in to advise the Government.() 答案：①赚得；挣　②引进；带来　③收获　④提出 ⑤请……做 [归纳拓展] bring about 引起；导致 bring back 归还；使记起；使恢复 bring down 使落下；降低；减少 bring on 导致，造成；使……发展/进步 bring out 阐释；出版(书籍等)；发挥 bring up 教育；养育；提出；呕吐 Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working. 他们一起交流养育孩子和工作方面的想法。 [归纳拓展] in power当权 take power当权；执政 beyond one's power 不能胜任 within/in one's power 有能力；力所能及 提示：come to power与be in power都表示“掌权”，但前者表示动作，不能与时间段连用，后者表示状态，可以与时间段连用。类似的短语还有：get married与be married，catch fire与be on fire, take charge of与be in charge of, fall in love with与be in love with等。在这些短语中，前者都表示动作，后者强调状态。 He has been in power for ten years but still doesn't want to leave office. 他掌权几十年了，但仍不想下台。 7.The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction. 这些管子被绑在一根长木棍上，这根木棍使火箭沿直线前进。 [归纳拓展] “keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、分词等，但高考主要考查分词，其用法如下： (1)keep＋宾语＋过去分词；过去分词和宾语构成被动关系。 (2)keep＋宾语＋现在分词；现在分词和宾语构成主动关系。 When I work on the farmland in the daytime，I always keep the/my sheep tied to a tree on the riverbank. 白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上。 [归纳拓展] not everybody部分否定，也称半否定，一般具有总括意义的代词(each, everything, all, both等)、形容词(complete, whole等)和副词(completely, always, wholly, altogether等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”的意思。而no, none, never, nobody, neither, nothing, no more, no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成了全部否定。 ①Both of the two math problems are not very difficult. ＝Not both of the two math problems are very difficult. 这两道数学题并非都很难。 ②Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. 我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。 基础知识巩固 5．In the country, many students at school were ________ (diagnose) with H1N1 flu, but after being treated, they all recovered. 6．The director cast her in a ________(lead) part when she was a young unknown of 16. 7．The country is heavily dependent on its exports of ________(agriculture) commodities. 8．It's vital to be both ________(physical) and mentally healthy. 答案：1.educated　2.explosion　3.original　4.supported　 5．diagnosed　6.leading　7.agricultural　8.physicallyo 4．岛上大部分人主要以捕鱼为生。 Most people on the island ______________ mainly by fishing. 5．整个事情的关键是他处理这件事的办法不当。 ______________ the whole affair was that the way he dealt with it was not proper. 答案：1.As a result of　2.was known as　3.in power　4.earn their living　5.The key to 2．完成句子 (1)很抱歉让你等了三个小时。 I am sorry for ________________ for three hours. (2)并非每个人都能成为你的朋友。 ______________ can become your friend. 答案：1.(1)running　(2)informed　(3)leaving　(4)to find 2．(1)having kept you waiting　(2)Not everybody 4．上周他的第一本书出版了。(publish) 5．简言之，是因为母亲的支持他才获得成功的。(brief；as a result of；support) ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 答案： It is clear to everyone that nothing can replace mother's love and care. His mother, who has many fine qualities, spent a large quantity of money on his education. He became an outstanding figure in his field soon after he graduated from Shandong University. His first book was published last week. In brief, it is as a result of his mother's support that he achieves success. 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 外研版 · 高考总复习 Module 4　Great Scientists 必修四 第一部分　基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 核心必记 1．________(vt.)出版 2．________(vt.) 支持 3．________(vt.) 取代；以……代替 4．________(n.) 数量 5．________(vi.) 逃跑；逃避 6．________(vi.) (烟雾)消散 publish support replace quantity escape clear

　　7．________(vt.)教育→__________(n.)教育→________(n.)教育家；教育工作者 8．________(adj.)原来的；最初的→________(n.)起源→ ________(vt.)起源；发起 9．________(vi.)毕业(n.)毕业生→__________(n.)毕业 educate education educator original origin originate graduate graduation 高频必知 10．________(vt.)诊断 11．________(n.) 人物 12．________(n.) 质量 13．________(adj.) 直的 14．________(n.)生产者→________(vt.)生产→________ (n.)产量 15．________(adj.)主要的→________(vt.)领导；引导→________(n.)领导；领袖 diagnose figure　 quality straight producer

　　produce production leading lead leader

　　16．________(vt.)出口→________(vt.)(反义词)进口 17．________(adj.)简短的；简洁的→________(adv.)简短地；简洁地 18．________(adj.)身体的；物理学的→__________(adv.)身体上 export import brief briefly physical physically [情景活用] 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①Though she explained the topic ________， we still learned a lot from her ________ words.(brief) ②He was well ________. That's because he received good ________ in a very famous university, whose teachers were some famous ________.(educate) ③After ________， he is one of the ________ who have ________ this year and are looking for a job.(graduate) ④This word ________ from a Latin word and the ________ meaning is quite different from what it is today.(origin) 答案：①briefly；brief　②educated；education；educators　③graduation；graduates；graduated　④originates；original Ⅱ.短语互译 1．培养；养育____________________ 2．由于……的结果____________________ 3．因……而出名/闻名____________________ 4．谋生____________________ 5．掌权____________________ 6．bring in____________________ 7．convert...into...____________________ 8．be diagnosed with____________________ bring up as a result of be known for earn one's living come to power 引进；带来 把……转化为…… 被诊断患有……病 [情景活用] 选用以上短语填空 ①____________ the bad weather, we can't go there today. ②Yuan Longping __________________a new kind of rice and has become a leading figure in his field. ③As a leader, he has been trying to __________________new technology to develop people's living conditions since he _______________. 答案：①As a result of　②brought up　③bring in；came to power Ⅲ.典句析练 1．The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped ______________ in a straight direction. 这些管子被绑在一根长木棍上，这根木棍能使火箭直线前进。 [解析]　本句中的keep the rocket moving属于“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。其中the rocket是宾语，现在分词moving是宾补，宾语与宾补之间是主动关系。 [仿写]　由于缺少资金，我发现很难使公司正常运行。 Short of financial support, I found it hard ______________. 2．But ____________ wanted to use rockets in battles. 但并不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。 [解析]　not everybody“并不是每个人”，表示部分否定。 [仿写]　并非每个人都出席了这次会议。 ____________ was present at the meeting. 3．Or was he carried miles into space, ________________？ 或者他被带到了太空中数英里的地方，成为了世界上第一个宇航员？ [解析]　本句中的becoming the world's first astronaut是现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语常表示一种自然结果或意料之中的结果。 [仿写]　她的父母去世了，给她留下了很多债务。 Her parents died, ________________. 答案：1.keep the rocket moving；to keep the company going smoothly　2.not everybody；Not everybody　3.becoming the world's first astronaut；leaving her a lot of debts Ⅳ.单元语法 被动语态 语法填空 1．Hundreds of jobs will be________(lose) if the factory closes. 答案：lost　条件句用一般现在时，主句用将来时，lose与job之间为动宾关系，因此用其过去分词形式。 2．If you ________(invite) to their home, remember to bring a small gift. 答案：have been invited　句意：如果你已经被邀请去他们家的话，记住带一件小礼物。根据句意以及“remember to bring a small gift”可知，此处只能用现在时或完成时的被动语态。 3．Look up! Don't get close to the building. It ________(rebuild)． 答案：is being rebuilt　句意：小心！不要靠近那栋楼，它正在重建呢。根据句意可知，应用现在进行时的被动语态，表示“某物(人)正在被……”。 4．No decision ________(make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. 答案：will be made　考查时态。从句是现在完成时，主句应该用一般将来时。另外decision与make之间是被动关系。 5．This kind of glasses made in Shanghai ________(wear) comfortably. 答案：wears　考查时态和语态。句意：在上海制造的这种眼镜戴着很舒适。wear, wash, sell, read, cut, break, write等表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，常用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义，这些词常与well, easily等副词连用。 考点探究演练 [归纳拓展] (1)support sb. in sth. 在某方面支持某人 support a family/oneself 养家糊口/自力更生 (2)come to one's support 来支持某人 with sb.'s support 在某人的支持下 in support of 支持；拥护 ①These measures are strongly supported by environmental groups. 这些措施得到了环保组织的强烈支持。 ②With his wife's support, Mr. Wang contributed a lot of money to the people in the stricken area. 在其妻子的支持下，王先生向灾区人民捐献了很多钱财。 [高考寻踪] (2015·全国II阅读C)It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. 越来越多的学生会隔一年上大学来赚钱付学费。 [归纳拓展] a large/small quantity of 大/少量的 large quantities of 大量的，许多的 in quantity/quantities 大量地 in quantity and quality 在数量和质量上 Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example，store carbon in vast quantities.

　　一些荒野也履行人类需要的功能——例如，热带雨林储存大量的碳。

　　提示：(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可以接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词； (2)“a quantity of＋n.”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式一般取决于of之后的名词； (3)“quantities of＋n.”作主语时，不论of之后的名词是单数还是复数，谓语动词常用复数形式。 [归纳拓展] escape doing sth. 逃避做某事 escape from 从……逃走 escape sb.'s notice 疏忽；没注意到某人 make an escape 逃走 narrowly escape＝have a narrow escape 九死一生 提示：(1)escape作名词时，若表示抽象意义的“逃跑”是不可数名词，表示具体一次的“逃跑”是可数名词。 (2)escape表示“被忘掉”时，不能用于被动语态。类似的还有：come up“被提出”，get through“被通过”，run out“用完”，come out“出版”等。 [高考寻踪] (2015·四川完形)As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no threat and didn't escape. 随着几个月的过去，那些兔子看到我没有威胁也就不再逃跑了。