2017届高考英语一轮复习教师用书：选修8（外研版）
发布时间：2017-03-22 编辑：查字典英语网小编
教师用书
Module 1 Deep South
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.state n． 状态，状况
v.
陈述；声明
2.trap v.
使陷入困境；诱骗
n.
陷阱；困境
3.emergency n.
紧急情况；突发事情
4.privilege n.
荣幸
5.explorer n．探险者→explore v．探险；勘探→exploration n．探险；勘探
6.depth n．深度→deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地→deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地→deepen v．加深；深化
7.extreme adj.& n．极端(的)，极度(的)→extremely adv.极端地，极其；非常
8.balance v．使平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
9.promote vt.促进，增进→promotion n．晋级；增进
10.absence n．缺乏；没有；不在；缺席→absent adj.缺席的；缺少的
11.tiresome adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的→tired adj.厌烦的；疲倦的
12.depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的→depress v．使沮丧；使萧条→depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的→depression n．沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)
13.discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头→discouraging adj.令人沮丧的→discouraged adj.沮丧的→discouragement n．泄气；使人泄气的人(事)→encourage(反义词)v.鼓励
14.inspiration n．鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspire v．鼓舞；激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→inspired adj.富有灵感的 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Many scientists are making great efforts to explore the Moon and other planets. Their exploration may change our future.(explore)
2.The lake is over 20 meters in depth. So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(depth)
3.With the extreme weather coming, people felt extremely cold and many got ill.(extreme)
4.On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression.(depress)
5.From his discouraged look, I judged he wasn't hired, which was really discouraging. But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage)
6.When asked where her inspiration of the novel came from, she said her father's inspiring words inspired her to write it.(inspire)
7.She knows how to promote the sales of this product. She does a good job and she is soon promoted from a saleswoman to a manager. The position is a promotion for her.(promote)
8.John is tired of doing the tiresome work day after day. He can't stand it any longer.(tired) 1.ance结尾名词集锦
①balance 平衡
②acquaintance
熟人；相识
③advance
发展；前进
④allowance
津贴，零用钱；
允许
⑤ambulance
救护车
⑥finance
财政；金融
⑦fragrance
香气
⑧assistance
协助
2.“宣布，声明”动词大荟萃
①state
陈述；声明
②announce
宣称，宣布
③claim
断言，宣称
④pronounce
发表，宣布
⑤declare
宣布，断言
3.ent结尾形容词一览
①absent
缺少的；心不在
焉的
②ancient
古代的；古老的
③apparent
表面上的
④confident
自信的；确信的
⑤consistent
始终如一的
⑥independent
独立的
4.聚焦“职场经历”高频词
①promotion
升职
②employment
雇用
③appointment
任命
④interview
面试
⑤dismissal
解雇
⑥unemployment
失业
⑦green hand
新手
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.adapt_to(使)适应
2.on_average
平均
3.be_fond_of
喜欢
4.in_the_form_of
以……的形式
5.stand_out
引人注目，突出，
显眼
6.set_foot_on
进入，到达；踏上
7.in_particular
尤其
8.in_case_of
如果；假使
9.come_into_sight
进入视野
10.break_up
打碎；解体
11.come_up_with
想出
12.in_charge_of
负责；掌管
13.in_detail
详细地
14.keep_one's_promise
信守诺言 选用左栏短语填空
1.I know you are_fond_of icecream, but you will gain weight if you eat too much.
2.People living in the area where there is a lack of electricity often keep a supply of candles in_case_of power failure.
3.Peter came_up_with an approach to solving the problem at the meeting, but most of his colleagues didn't think it was practical.
4.When you set_foot_on a new country, you have to learn to get used to a whole new way of life.
5.After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood_out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response. 1.“in＋n.＋of”短语面面观
①in case of 如果；假使；万一
②in defence of
保卫；为……
辩护
③in (the) face of
面临；面对
④in honour of
为纪念……
⑤in view of
鉴于，由于
⑥in search of
寻找
2.“v.＋up with”短语汇总
①put up with
忍耐；忍受；熬过
keep up with
与……同步；跟
上(强调状态)
catch up with
跟上(强调动作)
end up with
以……结束
come up with
提出；想出
fill up with
用……填满
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却始终未发现任何陆地。 not until 置于句首，主句采用部分倒装。 直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。
Not_until he had failed in the job interview did_he_realize how important confidence was.
2.Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.
它(南极洲)覆盖了南极周围约1 400万平方千米的面积，是世界第五大洲。 现在分词短语作伴随状语。 旅游者和当地的居民围着篝火一起跳舞。
Gathering_around_the_fire,_the tourists danced with the local people.
3.Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.
后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。 当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后用动词不定式作后置定语。 我们的惯例是谁最后一个到达饭店谁赢得比赛。
We have made it a rule that the last to_get_to_the_restaurant should win the game.
1．state n．状态；状况；国家；政府；州v.陈述；声明
[经典例句] The witness stated he had not seen the woman before.(朗文P1950)
证人说他以前从未见过这个女人。
(1)in a(n) ...state ＝ in a state of ...处于……的状态
a good state of health/mind
良好的健康状况/
心态
(2)It is stated that ...
据称……
state one's views
陈述自己的见解
(3)statement n.
声明；陈述
issue/make a statement
发表声明
It_is_stated_that the president made_a_statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.
据说这位总统做出了一项声明来宣布一些应对新局势的新政策。
In the face of failure, it is the most important to keep a_good_state_of_mind.
面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。
2．trap vt.储存；留存；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n
[教材原句] Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the world's climate was like in past ages.
这些以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。
(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做)某事
的圈套；使中计
be/get trapped in
被困在……中
(2)fall into the trap of doing sth.
落入做某事的圈套
fall/walk into a trap
落入圈套
set/lay a trap for ...
为……设圈套
①Don't fall_into_the_trap_of investing all your money in one place.
不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方。
②Were you just going to trap_her_into making some admissions?
你刚才想诱使她供认吗？
③Dozens of people were/got_trapped_in the rubble when the building collapsed.
楼房倒塌，很多人被困在了瓦砾下面。
[联想发散] 表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：
①be/get locked in be/get caught in
③be/get stuck in
④be/get blocked in
3．promote v．促进，增进；晋升；使升级；宣传，促销
[高考佳句] More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.(2015·四川高考单选)
为了促进当地经济的发展，很快在四川将会修建更多的高速公路。
(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)
提升到某职位
be promoted to ...
被提升为……
(2)promotion n.
提升，晋级，促进
get/win/gain promotion
得到晋升
While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted/promotion (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. (2017·安徽高考单选)
在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。
He was promoted from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.
＝He got/won/gained_promotion from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.
多年努力工作之后他由职员晋升为经理。
4．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头；使气馁
[高考佳句] Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.(2017·湖南高考单选)
别让任何失败使你灰心丧气，因为你永远不可能弄清楚你离胜利有多近。
(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.
劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心
discouraged adj.沮丧的，灰心丧气的
discouraging adj.
令人泄气的，令人沮丧的
discouragement n.
灰心丧气；挫折；阻止
(2)courage n.
勇气
encourage vt.
鼓励
encourage sb.to do sth.
鼓励某人做某事
We discouraged him from giving up the job last month.
上个月，我们劝他不要放弃那份工作。
Parents should encourage their children to_overcome (overcome) difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.(2017·福建高考书面表达)
父母亲应该鼓励他们的孩子克服困难，并且激励他们自我发展。
.基础点全练(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued.
2．He got rapid promotion (promote), and ended up as a manager.
3．It's a great privilege to_know (know) you, a worldfamous physics scientist.
4．The girl is an extremely (extreme) popular student in the class, because she is very kind.
5．It was his absence (absent) of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.
6．In the long run, one should save money for emergencies (emerge)．
7．Inspired (inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.
8．All the students are advised to keep a balanced (balance) diet for their health.
9．Tired (tire) as they are, the rescuers are still in search of the missing people in the flash floods.
10．There was a depressing (depress) feeling in the office when the news of job cuts was announced.
.重难点多练
1．state面面观
(1)单句语法填空
①They will make a statement about the accident tomorrow.
②All the photographs in this book, unless stated (state)
otherwise, date from the 1950s.
③It is stated that the fire started in a cottage.
(2)完成句子
④After the earthquake, the roads are in_a_terrible_state (处于糟糕的状态)．
⑤An important factor in determining how well you perform in an examination is the_state_of_your_mind (你的精神状态)．
⑥Those who disagree with the plan can state_your_views (表达你们的看法) now.
2．discourage多棱镜
(1)用discourage的适当形式填空
①Today's report is rather discouraging for the economy.
②Although he has failed twice, he is not discouraged.
③Despite all these discouragements,_she refused to give up.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
My friends ④discouraged_me_from_giving_up (劝我不要放弃) the experiment. They told me ⑤not_to_get_discouraged (不要气馁) by setbacks because it was new to me after all. Tim also ⑥encouraged_me_to_try (鼓励我试试) it again.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出trap的词性和词义
(A)v.使困住(B)v.使陷入圈套(C)n.捕捉器
(D)n.陷阱
(E)n.圈套
1．Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse.__A__
2．Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.__C__
3．The only thing the wolf could do was climbing up to the ground from the trap.__D__
4．It's no longer possible to trap a sensible man into marriage.__B__
5．The police set a trap to catch the thief. __E__
1．in case of如果；假使；万一
[教材原句] Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency.
在紧急情况下可以得到医疗救助。
in no case无论如何不；决不(位于句首用
倒装)
in case (that) ...
万一；以防……
in any case
无论如何；总之
in this/that case
如果这样/那样的话
as is often the case
这是常有的事；情况往往如此
①As is always the case with language learning, Mandarin learning also asks for lots of practice.(2015·四川高考满分作文)
学习普通话需要多多练习，这对语言学习来说是常有的情况。
②I took my driving license with me on holiday, in_case I wanted to hire a car.(2017·北京高考单选)
我在度假时随身带着驾照，以防自己需要租车。
③We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in_no_case should theory be separated from practice.
我们必须把所学的知识应用到日常工作中去，因为理论与实践绝不能分开。
2．stand out突出；显眼
[教材原句] Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect.
由于南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，所以它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，也易于识别和搜集。
stand by袖手旁观；坚持；遵守；支持
stand for
代表；主张；容忍；忍受
stand up
站起来；(论点、证据等)站得住脚；经得起
(常与to连用)
stand up for
支持；维护
①In China, these knots stand_for friendship, love and good luck.(2017·全国Ⅱ书面表达)
在中国，这些绳结(中国结)代表友谊、爱和好运。
②As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand_up_for the legal rights of our own in the election.
作为我们国家的公民，在选举中维护我们的法定权利是我们的责任和义务。
3. Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the_first_man_to_set_foot_on the Antarctic mainland.
后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。
(1)the first man to do ...“第一个做……的人”。序数词、最高级以及the only, the last, the right等或由这类词修饰的名词后常用不定式作后置定语。
①Mo Yan is the_first_writer_to_win
the Nobel Prize in Literature in China.
莫言是中国第一位赢得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。
②I don't think him to be the best man to_do (do) the job because he is very careless.
因为他非常粗心，我认为他并非是做这项工作的最佳人选。
(2)decision, ability, time, place, determination, opportunity, chance, way, ambition等名词后常用不定式作定语。
③The students are looking forward to having an opportunity to_explore (explore) society of reallife experience.(2017·上海高考单选)
学生们在盼望着有一个去探索社会、获得现实生活经验的机会。
④Volunteering gives you a chance to_change (change) lives, including your own.(2017·北京高考单选)
志愿者活动给了你一个改变人生的机会，包括你自己的。
[名师指津] 如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面必须有必要的介词。
⑤She has been looking for a room to_live_in since she moved to Beijing.
自从她搬到北京以来，她就一直在找房子住。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．介、副词填空/完成句子
①Most students have a little difficulty in adapting to the social life after graduating from university.
②My grandfather is a warmhearted person, and he is fond of giving advice to all my friends.
③Time's up; I don't have enough time to explain it to you in detail.
④As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields and white houses come into sight.
⑤It was not until then that I realized their marriage was breaking up because they had little in common.
⑥We are trying to raise awareness about the environment in general and air pollution in particular.
⑦How many times do you dine out per week on average?
⑧Very few experts have come up with complete new answers to the world's economic problems.
⑨The ability to_express_an_idea (表达思想) is as important as the idea itself.
⑩Obviously, we should bear in mind what we are supposed to do first in_case_of_an_emergency
(万一有紧急情况时)．
2．运用所学短语完成片段
In today's world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you ①stand_out (突出) and get ahead. Li Hua, my classmate, ②is_fond_of (喜欢) learning foreign languages. He insists on listening to the BBC broadcasts every day. He always gets his MP5 player's battery charged ③in_case_of (以防万一) power failure. When I request him to tell me some learning methods, he ④comes_up_with (想出) many suggestions. The most important one I think is that imagining yourself ⑤setting_foot_on (进入，到达) the land of America or England. All in all, you should speak English as often as possible.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．case相关短语全扫描
完成句子
①I am determined to become a filmmaker. In_that_case (如果是那样的话), I shall direct many good movies for the audience.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ改编)
②Leave your key with your neighbor in_case (以防)you lock yourself out one day.(2017·辽宁高考改编)
③There is no simple answer, as_is_often_the_case (情况往往如此) in science.(2017·山东高考改编)
④I don't see why I couldn't do it. In_any_case (不管怎样), I'm going to try.
⑤In order to be admitted to your ideal university, in no case should_you_give_up_hope (你应该放弃希望).
2．stand相关短语点点练
介、副词填空
①Having experienced so many things, she has learnt to stand up for herself.
②The new road sign is easy to read; the words stand out well.
③I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her.
④How can you stand by and do nothing when she needs help?
[课堂练基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The nine coal miners had been trapped in the coal mine for 20 hours before we came to their rescue.
2．It is a privilege to_make (make) a speech here and out of respect I'd like to introduce my advisor first.
3.The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged us from going there for a sightseeing.
4.The first to_give (give) the right answers in given time will win the prize and a free travel.
5．The Backstreet Boys toured western Europe, promoting (promote) their new album.
6．I am into listening to music while he is fond of surfing the Internet.
7．You had better book rooms at the hotel in advance in case you should find no room on your arrival.
8．Her bright red hair makes her stand out in a crowd, so you will recognize her immediately.
9．The new employees were very slow to adapt to the unusual rules of the company.
10．We discussed the plan in detail before deciding to carry it out.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．You are working too hard. You'd better keep balance between work and relaxation. keep后加a
2．When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adapt to live on his own. live→living
3．The firefighters were trying to rescue those trapping in the burning hotel. trapping→trapped
4．At no case should you use the company's telephone for personal affairs. At→In
5．The doctor in the charge of the operation was taken to the police station to give an explanation of the medical accident.去掉第一个the
6．Discouraging by the unsuccessful attempt, he decided to give it up.Discouraging→Discouraged
7．There are many goods in that shop to choose.choose后加from
8．She came into the house, carried a lot of books.carried→carrying
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
①Miss Zhao was the first woman teacher who was promoted headmaster in our town. At the meeting, she said that she would try her best to_promote_the_development (促进发展) of her school. But (so/but/and) most of the men teachers weren't for her, which made_her_discouraged (使她沮丧). Later she gradually adapted_to (适应) the new working state. Now because of her hardwork and wisdom, she has stood_out (突出) among all the headmasters.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分
(1)said→stated
(2)weren't for→didn't_stand_by
2．用“the first ...to do ...”句型改写句①
Miss_Zhao_was_the_first_woman_teacher_to_be_made_as_headmaster_in_our_town.
[课下练高考]
阅读理解提速练——练速度
(限时：20分钟)
A
(2016·河南省洛阳市统一考试)Heritage is our legacy (遗产) from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage are both irreplaceable (无可取代的) sources of life and inspiration. Places as unique and diverse as the Pyramids of Egypt, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Great Wall of China make up our world's heritage.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) seeks to encourage the identification, protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world
considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. This is embodied in an international treaty called the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, adopted by UNESCO in 1972.
How does a place become a World Heritage Site? It takes a lot of people to decide.
1)If a country wants one of its places to be on the World Heritage List, it has to ask UNESCO. The place must be important and special. UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.
2)The World Heritage Committee of UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to decide.
3)After a new place goes on the list, UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger. UNESCO gives special care and help to those places.
4)Countries have to give UNESCO regular reports about places on the list. If UNESCO thinks a country isn't taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们什么是遗产，如何申请遗产，并呼吁人们保护遗产。
1．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1?
A．To tell us what is heritage.
B．To stress the importance of heritages.
C．To explain the aims of protecting heritages.
D．To introduce some places of interest in the world.
解析：选A 段落大意题。本段主要解释了什么是遗产及其大体分类，并列举了几个世界遗产的例子，所以A项正确。
2．About cultural and natural heritage around the world, UNESCO encourages all the following EXCEPT________.
A．identification B．application
C．protection
D．conservation
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，联合国教科文组织鼓励、认定和保护世界遗产，并没有提到利用世界遗产，所以选B项。
3．If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country________.
A．can ask UNESCO for more money and help
B．should continue to take special care of it
C．won't take trouble of caring for it
D．will try to put it on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger
解析：选B 细节理解题。由短文的最后一段可知，申遗成功后，要对世界遗产继续加以保护，如果保护不善，该遗产可能会从名录上删除。
4．The purpose of putting a place on the World Heritage List is________.
A．to attract more tourists from other countries
B．to get more money and help from other countries
C．to have it taken better care of
D．to make it known to other countries
解析：选C 推理判断题。通过联合国对一个国家的要求可推知，认定世界遗产的目的是使其得到更好的保护。
B
(2016·沈阳市高三质检)Where should an adventurous tourist go? After you've done sightseeing in London, shopping in New York, tasted the local food in Paris, and danced to your heart's content at the Brazilian Carnival, where else can you go? What exotic (异国风情的) tourist destination awaits you?
Well, Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth. Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.
Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and it's still a small scale. About 37,000 tourists are expected there this season, but many won't even leave the boat.
The BBC's Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment. Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place, the accessible coastline, which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.
But some people believe that if carefully controlled, tourism can be good for Antarctica. It has no native population and it needs advocates. Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation. And they're likely to engage in the discussion about global warming, which has led to the melting of glaciers.
According to Rix, guidelines are followed when you're about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect (为……消毒) their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.
And once on land, there's no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragments — nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind. Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep their fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking views.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。游客应该去南极洲旅游吗？本文介绍了去南极洲旅游的情况和对游客的要求。
5．According to the second paragraph, we can learn that ________.
A．Antarctica has become the best place for people to travel
B．only scientists can be allowed to go to Antarctica
C．Antarctica is less affected by human activities
D．no animals can survive in Antarctica except penguins
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句“It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth.”可知，它被认为是地球上最后的不毛之地。由此可推知，南极洲受人类活动的影响较小。
6．Juliet Rix's travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicates that ________.
A．governments should take measures to stop tourists from going to Antarctica
B．whether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefully
C．the animals'
habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourism
D．only journalists begin to pay attention to the environmental protection in Antarctica
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段的“asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment”以及“Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place”可推知，人们是否应该去南极洲旅游应认真地考虑一下。
7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Rix?
A．Tourists can eat and smoke in Antarctica.
B．Tourists can take something they like from Antarctica.
C．Tourists can throw away something they don't need in Antarctica.
D．Tourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica.
解析：选D 正误判断题。根据最后一段的“there's no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragments — nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind”可知，A、B、C三项的说法均与原文不符；根据文章结尾处“to enjoy such breathtaking views”可知，游客可以在南极洲欣赏到美丽的景色。
8．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A．Why can't tourists go to Antarctica?
B．How can tourists go to Antarctica?
C．Should tourists go to Antarctica?
D．Are tourists allowed to go to Antarctica?
解析：选C 标题归纳题。通读全文的内容可知，文章围绕的是“应该不应该去南极洲旅游？”这一话题，因此C项最适合作标题。
C
(2016·甘肃省高三第一次诊断)Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.
In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻原) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.
But as Earth's climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. And with all that leftover energy, these trees have started producing more seeds. This happens especially in places where white spruce (白云杉) grows.
White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When windblown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they eventually can sprout(发芽) new trees. This explains how a forest can move. Of course, the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.
New trees will provide shelters for some snow. Keeping the sun's rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the sun's heat. This warms the surrounding air. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further boosts a forest's ability to expand. In addition, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.
语篇解读：本文是一篇科研报告。主要研究了气温升高对北极圈植物的影响。
9．What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?
A．The shrinking of northern tundra.
B．The rising temperature.
C．The fierce and cold wind.
D．The abundant resources in the north.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world.”以及本段的整体内容可知，不断上升的气温是北极圈树木北移的主要原因，即B项正确。
10．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．To produce more seeds.
B．To move northward.
C．To respond to the climate change.
D．To protect themselves from the cold wind.
解析：选D 代词指代题。根据画线词前的“Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind.”可知，画线词this 指代的是本句中的“protect themselves from the cold wind”，故D项正确。
11．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．New trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.
B．The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.
C．New trees can make the surrounding air warmer.
D．New trees can bring more food and shelter to local animals.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“New trees will provide shelters for the surrounding air.”可推知，新树会让周围的空气更加温暖，故C项正确。
12．The passage is most probably taken from ________.
A．a science report
B．a health report
C．a fashion magazine
D．a children's magazine
解析：选A 文章出处题。根据文章的整体内容可推知，本文主要研究的是气候变暖对北极圈植物的影响，故该文应选自科研报告，故A项正确。
Module 2 The Renaissance
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.reckon v． 认为
2.flee v.
逃跑，逃掉
3.appeal v.
恳求；呼吁
4.seek v.
寻找，寻求
5.merely adv.
仅仅；只不过
6.blame n.
(对错事或坏事应负的)
责任，责备
7.inspire v.
鼓舞，激励
8.suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子→suspicious adj.可疑的
9.disturbing adj.引起烦恼的，令人不安的→disturbed adj.被打扰的；不安的；心理失常的→disturb v．打扰；扰乱；打乱
10.basically adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来→basic adj.& n．基本的；基本，要素→base n．基础
11.effect n．效果；作用→effective adj.有效的；实际的
12.motivate v．激发，激励→motivation n．动机，刺激；推动
13.skilled adj.有技巧的，熟练的→skill n．技能，技巧→skillful adj.灵巧的
14.gifted adj.有天赋的；有才华的→gift n．天赋；天才；礼物
15.profession n．职业→professional adj.职业的 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The police suspected that two of the suspects caught yesterday were connected with another case. They were more suspicious.(suspect)
2.Basically,_his income only meets basic living expenses. So he only chooses a simple lifestyle based on his limited salary.(base)
3.The drug has a bad effect on humans so the government should take effective measures to prevent it from spreading.(effect)
4.It is generally accepted that people are motivated by success. The stronger the motivation is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.(motivate)
5.The disturbing news disturbed the family's peaceful life and the family all felt disturbed.(disturb)
6.Even if you are a gifted man, you should not take your gift for granted. Make full use of it and you'll succeed.(gift)
1.“认为”动词大盘点
①consider考虑；认为
②reckon
认为
③count
计算；认为
④think
认为；思考
⑤believe
相信，认为
⑥regard
认为；看待
2.由blame想到的
①accuse vt.
控告，指控
②charge vt.
指责
③forgive vt.
原谅
④pardon vt.
原谅；赦免
⑤excuse vt.
原谅
⑥scold vt.
责骂
3.含“ought”高频词集锦
①seek→sought
寻找
②think→thought
认为
③bring→brought
带来
④fight→fought
斗争
⑤buy→bought
买
⑥ought aux.
应该
⑦drought n.
干旱
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.depend_on依靠，依赖；取决
于(条件、情况)
2.in_history
历史上
3.leave_for
出发去某地
4.leave_sth._behind
把……抛在后面
5.on_behalf_of
代表……
6.get_tired_of_doing_sth.
厌倦做某事；厌烦
做某事
7.at_liberty
获得自由的
8.up_to
到(某个数量)
9.lead_to
导致，通向，通往
10.take_up
从事，开始做(某
项工作)
11.in_short
总之；简言之
12.compared_with
与……相比
13.contrast_with
与……形成对照 选用左栏短语填空
1.While shopping, you should make your own decision. You cannot simply depend_on what is advertised on TV.
2.On_behalf_of my corporation, let me propose a toast to you! Thank you again for your generous help.
3.There are so many books! It is not easy for us to decide which to take and which to leave_behind.
4.The boy was in such an anxious rush when he left_for school that he left his key inside the house.
5.After retirement, Mike took_up drawing, which he had always loved but had not had time for.
1.聚焦“v.＋with”短语
①contrast with 与……形成对照
②deal/do with
处理；对付
③meet with
偶然遇见
④agree with
同意
⑤play with
玩；玩弄
2.“总之”短语大集合
①in a/one word
总之，简言之
②in short/brief
总之；简言之
③in conclusion
总而言之
④in sum
总之，简言之
3.“at＋n.”短语全扫描
①at liberty
获得自由的
at ease
安逸；自在
at present
目前，现在
at random
随便地，任意地
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.
它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表作，这种风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。 Sb./Sth. is believed to be/do ...“某人/事被认为是/做……”。 汪峰被认为是摇滚歌手们的最佳导师。
Wang Feng is_believed_to_be the best guide for the rock singers.
2.Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light ...
画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果…… “特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语。 这对年轻夫妇一直在考虑怎样帮助儿子养成爱读书的习惯。
The young couple have been thinking about how_to_help their son develop the habit of reading books.
3.So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from where you started.
那么你有可能沿街走了半个小时左右，结果离你出发的地点实际仅有五分钟的路程。 where引导的从句作介词from的宾语。 她爬到东方明珠塔的最顶部，从那里可以饱览全市风光。
She climbed up to the top of the Oriental Pearl Tower, from_where_she_could_have_a_good_view of the whole city.
1．effect n．效果；作用；影响
[经典例句] I tried to persuade him, but with little or no effect.(牛津P639)
我试图说服他，但无济于事。
(1)have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响
carry/bring/put ...into effect
实行，实施，使生效
come into effect
开始生效；开始实施
take effect
见效，生效，实施
in effect
实际上；(规则、法律)有效/在实行中
side effect
副作用
(2)effective adj.
有效的
effectively adv.
有效地
The new law has come into effect; surely it will have an effect on industry of the country.
这项新的法律已经生效了；它肯定会对这个国家的工业有影响。
Generally speaking, when taken according to the directions, the drug has no side_effect.
一般来说，按照说明书来服药是不会有副作用的。
2．seek v．(sought, sought)寻求，寻找；追求；探求，探索；试图
[高考佳句] From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.(2015·湖北高考短文写作)
通过这次经历我了解到质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。
seek to do sth. (正式)试图做某事
seek one's fortune
寻找致富(或成功)的机会
seek after/for
追求，寻求
seek out
挑选出；找出
①We seek to_find (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us.
我们试图找一种方法使我们和周围的人相处融洽。
②Many young people leave their hometown to_seek_their_fortune in big cities.
很多年轻人离开家乡到大城市寻找成功的机会。
3．blame n．(对错事或坏事应负的)责任；过失v.责备；谴责；把……归咎于
[高考佳句] Instead of blaming each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.(2017·江苏高考书面表达)
我们应该多交流，换位思考而不是相互责怪。
(1)blame sb./sth. for sth. 因某事而责备某人/某事
blame sth. on sb.
把某事怪到某人头上
be to blame (for sth.)
对(某事)负有责任
(2)take the blame (for)
(为……)承担责任
lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb.
(把某事)归咎于某人
①Don't always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to_blame (blame)．
不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时该怪的是你自己。
②The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the lorry driver that should take_the_blame_for it.
警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此负责。
4．inspire vt.鼓舞，鼓励，激励，激发
[经典例句] By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions.(牛津P1057)
演员们希望通过访问学校鼓舞孩子们演出自己的作品。
(1)inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire sb. with sth. ＝ inspire sth. in sb.
激起某人的……
(2)inspired adj.
激动人心的；卓越的
inspiring adj.
鼓舞人心的
inspiration n.
灵感
His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.
＝His encouraging remarks inspired me with confidence.
他鼓励的话语激起了我的信心。
His speech was inspiring (inspire) and touched everyone's heart, which inspired all the people present to_work (work) still harder later.
他的演讲令人鼓舞，打动人心，鼓舞了在场的每个人今后更努力地工作。
.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．As a general, he inspired great loyalty in his troops.
2．I didn't say that I wanted to buy it but merely (mere) asked for the price.
3．We all love our English teacher, for he has a gift for making everyone feel at ease.
4．The plan is designed to motivate employees to_work (work) efficiently.
5．Disturbing (disturb) news came that an unknown disease was spreading in the area.
6．Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing to both men and women.
7．It is said that Chen Shuibian is likely to flee from Taiwan because of the campaign against him.
8．Teaching is something everybody can do as long as he is patient and given professional (profession) training.
9．You can't imagine what difficulty I had squeezing (squeeze)my way through the crowded street.
10．You'd better make your living. You can't always reckon on having good parents.
.重难点多练
1．effect万花筒
(1)用effect的适当形式填空
①Besides, developing a good habit of learning can help you improve your learning effectively.
②Training is much less effective (effect) than expected.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
The new traffic rules ③came_into_effect (开始实施) on January 1, 2015.
Now, they are beginning to ④take_effect (见成效)．⑤In_effect (事实上), they ⑥have_an_effect_on (对……有影响) people's life in many ways besides people's focus on road safety.
2．seek点点练
单句语法填空
①Don't just wait to be informed. You should try to seek for/after the information you need.
②Local schools are seeking to_reduce (reduce) the dropout rate.
③The tourists sought out a shelter to escape from the unexpected shower.
④Chris gave up his highpaying job in Beijing and chose to seek his fortune in his hometown.
3．blame多棱镜
(1)一句多译
她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。
①She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.
②She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband.
③She put/laid the blame for the failure of their marriage on her husband.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
The parents ④are_blaming_each_other_for (正在为……互相责备) the child's education. Who ⑤is_to_blame (该受责备)
and who will ⑥take_the_blame_for (为……承担责任) the wrong education?
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出suspect的词性和词义
(A)n.嫌疑人；可疑分子 (B)adj.可疑的，不信任的
(C)v.猜想，怀疑
(D)v.(口)猜想，觉得
1．It was ten o'clock when the suspect finally showed up.__A__
2．The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they went through his bag, but found nothing.__C__
3．Customers were leaving the building when a suspect package was found.__B__
4．He will be missed by some, but not, I suspect, by all his colleagues.__D__
1．depend on依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)
[高考佳句] The limits of a person's intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.(2017·安徽高考单选)
通常来说，一个人的智力极限出生时就已经定型了，但他是否能够达到这些极限则取决于他的生活环境。
依赖/指望某人做某事
depend on sb.for sth.指望/依赖某人得到某物
depend on/upon it that ...
相信/指望……
That depends./It all depends.
视情况而定。
①I know we can depend on her to_deal/dealing (deal) with the tough situation.
我知道我们可以依赖她来应对这种棘手的形势。
②Don't worry. You can depend on/upon it that he'll turn up on time. He always keeps his promises.
别担心，你可以相信他会准时出现的，他总是信守诺言。
[名师指津] rely on, depend on/upon, see to 等词后用that 从句作宾语时，必须先用 it 作形式宾语。
2．leave sth. behind把……抛在后面；遗留
[教材原句] The burglar left the antique frame and the glass behind.
盗窃犯把古董的镜框和玻璃留了下来。
leave sb./sth. alone不去打扰某人；别碰某物
leave sth. to sb.＝ leave sb. sth.
把某物交由某人去选择/决定
leave for
出发去某地
leave off
停止；中断
leave aside
不考虑；忽视
leave out
遗漏，省略，删去
①The editors decide to leave_out this chapter to make the book shorter.
编辑们为了让这本书更精简决定要删除这个章节。
②I met Professor Green in the street the other day and he told me he would soon leave_for Britain.
几天前我在街上遇见了格林教授，他告诉我他不久会出发去英国。
3. Painters discovered how_to_use perspective and the effects of light ...
画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果……
句中how to use ...为“特殊疑问词(含从属连词 whether)＋不定式”结构，在句中作宾语，上句可以变成一个宾语从句：Painters discovered how they could use perspective and the effects of light.
(1)能接“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作宾语的常见动词有：advise, ask, consider, decide, discuss, tell, show 等。
①I'm wondering who to turn to for help.
我在想该找谁帮忙。
(2)“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构也可在句中作主语或表语。
②What to do with the rising cost of living becomes a daily discussion topic.
如何应付上涨的生活成本成了日常谈论的话题。
③Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how_to_survive without friends.
也许最艰难的挑战就是生活中孤独无友怎样生存。
(3)在“疑问代词＋不定式”结构中，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
④There were so many toys that he didn't know which one to_choose (choose)．
有太多的玩具可供选择以至于他不知道该选哪一个了。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①Having so little material left, they decided to hold a meeting to discuss what to_do (do)．
②Can I depend on it that you are able to do it well?
③On behalf
of all the teachers and students, I welcome you to our school.
④More and more people are beginning to take
up a sport and take exercise regularly.
⑤In contrast with city life, time seemed to pass slowly in the countryside.
⑥Compared (compare) with 2017 in China, the number of students choosing to study art is rising a lot.
⑦The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's_being_caught (catch)．
⑧The temperature went up to 35°C, which made me unable to sleep.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
Living in a fastpaced world, we may get ①left_behind (落在后面) if we stop learning. Laziness will ②lead_to (导致) our failure. We must learn ③to_depend_on (依靠) ourselves to achieve success. ④In_history (在历史上), every success devotes himself to his study. So in my opinion,
whatever job you ⑤take_up (从事), you mustn't stop learning.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
leave相关短语面面观
(1)介、副词填空
①If you would leave off smoking, your bronchitis (支气管炎) would much improve.
②Much to our astonishment, Jack's name was left out from the list.
③When someone is annoyed, you'd better leave him alone.
④I wonder why they left aside such an important question.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
We planned ⑤to_leave_for (离开去) the station early so as to catch the first train. So please call me when you leave; don't ⑥leave_me_behind (把我落下)．Besides, please ⑦leave_the_note_to (把便条交给……) our monitor.
[课堂练基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Having proper exercise not only helps to build up our physical health, but helps us learn more effectively (effect) in turn.
2．Seeking (seek) to find out the real cause of the accident was what he was eager to do.
3．Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
4．The teacher inspires his students to_give (give) their opinions actively even if they are different from his own.
5．The photographers should take many photographs depending (depend) on what the customers want.
6．He went out in such a hurry that his wallet was left behind.
7．Most of her spare time occupied (occupy), she still kept on her research in the library.
8．When we got there, we found her sitting (sit) on a bench, with her eyes fixed (fix) on a kite in the sky.
9．The girl hid herself under the table from where she could see everything taking place in the room.
10．Tiring as it might be, the military training is believed to_be (be)
the best opportunity to make lifelong friends.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．We want to know whether the drug has effect on people's health.effect前加an
2．Defeating, he remained a popular boxer.Defeating→Defeated
3．Professor Zhang is an excellent speaker. The audience was taken in by his inspired speech.inspired→inspiring
4．You may depend on that they will support you.on后加it
5．She is going to speak on the behalf of the manager, for he is abroad.去掉第一个the
6．When compared naughty children with others, we often pay attention to their shortcoming without noticing their ability.compared→comparing
7．A boy was seen get on the bus.get前加to
8．Seeing their son playing computer games all day, the parents don't know what to deal with it.what→how或deal→do
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Dear Lucy，
I know you may feel unhappy. But I don't know how_to_comfort__you (怎样安慰你). As a monitor, I think I am_to_blame_for (对……负责) not informing you of the changed time. You know looking for the suitable exhibiting place has taken up my mind, so (but/besides/so) I forgot to tell you. I apologize to you on_behalf_of (代表) the exhibition team.The coming exhibition has to depend_on (依靠) you. ①We all believe that you are the best designer in our class. ②When we compare the exhibition with the misunderstanding between us, the former is more important. Do you think so? Please forgive me and join us in the coming exhibition. The exhibition will influence the teenagers and inspire them to_keep_away_from (远离) computer games.
Wish you happy!
Yours，
Li Hua
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分
(1)looking for→seeking
(2)influence→have_an_effect_on
2．按要求进行句式改写
(1)用“sb. be believed to ...”句型改写句
You_are_believed_to_be_the_best_designer_in_our_class.
(2)用过去分词作状语改写句
Compared_with_the_misunderstanding_between_us,_the_exhibition_is_more_important.
[课下练高考]
“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型
(限时：35分钟)
.阅读理解
(2016·衡水一中高三模拟)Michelangelo Buonarroti was born in Caprese, Italy on March 6,1475.He was still young when his family moved to Florence where Michelangelo grew up. His mother died when he was only six years old. Growing up in Florence during the Italian Renaissance was the perfect stage of young Michelangelo's life. Even as a child all he wanted to do was painting and to be an artist.
At the age of thirteen, he went to learn from Domenico Ghirlandaio, who was not only a painter but also an artist. Michelangelo's talents became apparent as he worked for Domenico. Within a year or so Domenico sent him to the powerful Medici family to continue his training under the sculptor (雕刻家) Bertoldo di Geovanni. Michelangelo was able to work with some of the finest artists and philosophers of the time. During the next few years, Michelangelo produced many famous sculptures including Madonna of the Steps, Battle of the Centaurs and Bacchus.
In 1496 Michelangelo moved to Rome. A year later he was asked to make a sculpture called the Pieta. It would become one of the masterpieces of Renaissance art. Today this sculpture sits in St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. It is the only piece of art that Michelangelo signed.
Michelangelo's fame (名声) as a great artist began to grow. He returned to Florence and was asked to create a large statue of David. It took him a couple of years to finish the giant statue. The piece of marble (大理石) he began with was very tall and thin. Many people didn't think he could do much with it. He worked without letting anyone see it until it was finished. David became Michelangelo's most famous work of art. It is thirteen feet tall and is the largest statue made since Ancient Rome. It is considered by many experts in art to be a nearly perfect sculpture. Today the statue sits at the Academy of Fine Arts in Florence, Italy.
语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记。米开朗基罗是意大利文艺复兴时期著名的艺术家，本文向我们介绍了一些他的生平事迹。
1．What can we learn about Michelangelo as a young child?
A．He lived a very hard life.
B．He showed great interest in art.
C．He wanted to go to Florence very much.
D．He didn't have much time to learn painting.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Even as a child all he wanted to do was painting and to be an artist”可推断，米开朗基罗小时候就对艺术很感兴趣。
2．Michelangelo was sent to work under the sculptor Bertoldo di Geovanni most probably because________.
A．Michelangelo had lost his interest in painting
B．Domenico didn't think Michelangelo had a gift for
painting
C．Bertoldo di Geovanni offered to show Michelangelo
sculptures
D．Domenico wanted Michelangelo to make better use of his gift there
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的第二、第三句可推断，Domenico 是为了米开朗基罗能更好地利用自己的天赋才把他送到Bertoldo di Geovanni 那里去工作的。
3．What sculpture by Michelangelo will you see in St.Peter's Basilica?
A．Bacchus. B．The Pieta.
C．Madonna of the Steps.
D．Battle of the Centaurs.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二至四句可知，应选B。
4．When Michelangelo began his work on creating a large statue of David，many people________.
A．couldn't wait to make fun of his work
B．thought he would finish it within months
C．knew it would be his most famous work of art
D．didn't think he would make good use of it
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Many people didn't think he could do much with it”可知，一开始很多人认为那块大理石不适合雕刻那个作品。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
On Punctuality
A punctual man is in the habit of doing everything at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment.
The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time. __1__ There is a proverb that says, “Time flies never to be recalled.” This is very true. __2__ Time is more valuable than material things. In fact, time is life itself, and the unpunctual man is forever wasting and mismanaging his own valuable assets as well as others'. The unpunctual man is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or to return calls, or to keep appointments promptly. __3__ He knows that he can't get through his immense amount of work unless he faithfully keeps every appointment promptly and deals with every piece of work when it has to be attended to.
__4__ If a person is invited to a dinner and arrives later than expected, he keeps all the other guests and the host waiting him alone. This is great disrespect.
__5__ Imagine how it would be if those who are entrusted with important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or his fellow men. And the unpunctual man is a source of annoyance both to others and to himself.
A．Failure to be punctual is a sign of disrespect towards others.
B．A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained.
C．He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both his time and his good name.
D．Unpunctuality is very harmful when it comes to doing one's duty.
E．Of these the former are the majority.
F．But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time and seldom complains of want of it.
G．Broadly speaking, humans can be divided into two classes.
答案：1～5 CBFAD
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2016·南昌二模)It is a timeproven fact that smile is a language. It is a universal language __1__ by the people of every nation, and the commonest way to show our __2__ will perfectly without saying anything.
One day I was shopping in a small town in California. It was my misfortune to be __3__ by a clerk who seemed most __4__ and not at all concerned about my intended __5__. I bought nothing, and walked __6__ out of the store. My anger __7__ with each step. Outside, standing at the corner, was a young man in his early twenties. His expressive eyes met and held mine, and in the next instant a beautiful, amazing __8__ covered his face. I gave in __9__. The power of that shining smile __10__ away all my anger, and I found the muscles in my own face happily __11__. “Beautiful day, isn't it？” I said. Then, suddenly something inside me sent me turning
back. “I really owe you a __12__，” I said softly. His smile deepened, but he made no __13__ to answer. A Mexican woman nearby stepped __14__ and said, “Carlos can't speak English，” she volunteered. “Shall I tell him something？” At that moment I felt changed. Carlos' smile had made a big person of me. “Yes，” my __15__ was enthusiastic and sincere. “Tell him ‘Thank you！’” “Thank you？” The woman seemed slightly __16__. “Just tell him that，” I insisted. “Surely, he'll understand.”
What a smile! Although I have __17__ seen that young man again, I'll never forget the __18__ he taught me. From then on, I became smileconscious. I practice it __19__， anywhere and everywhere, with everybody. This action on my part would always draw a goodnatured smile __20__.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一次不愉快的购物经历让“我”很愤怒，走出商场后，“我”遇到一位对“我”微笑的男子，他的微笑让“我”怒气全消，“我”由衷感激他的微笑。由此“我”领悟到：微笑是全世界通用的语言，它可以表达我们的善意。
1．A.learned B．known
C．understood
D．done
解析：选C 根据常识可知，世界各国的人们虽然语言不通用，但是他们都能理解微笑的含义，因此微笑是一种世界各国人们都明白的全球化语言。C项意为“理解，明白”。故答案选C。
2．A.warm
B．good
C．cold
D．fresh
解析：选B 根据常识可知，微笑表达的是善意，故此处应为“our good will”，意为“我们的善意”。B项意为“美好的”。故答案选B。
3．A.treated
B．entertained
C．greeted
D．served
解析：选D 根据上一句中“I was shopping”可知，“我”在购物，空格后面是“by a clerk”，由此可知，此处应指店员为“我”提供服务，因此用serve，意为“服务”。故答案选D。
4．A.amazed
B．warmhearted
C．unfriendly
D．confused
解析：选C 根据空格后的内容“and not at all concerned about ...”，再结合上文中的“misfortune”可知，此处应指这个店员很不友好。C项意为“不友好的”。故答案选C。
5．A.purchase
B．question
C．things
D．complaint
解析：选A 根据上文可知，“我”在商店购物，故此处应用“purchase”，指这个店员一点也不关心“我”想买什么东西。A项意为“购买”。故答案选A。
6．A.quietly
B．angrily
C．suddenly
D．recently
解析：选B 根据下一句中的“My anger”可知，本句句意为“我什么都没有买，很生气地走出商店”。B项意为“生气地”。故答案选B。
7．A.grew
B．changed
C．disappeared
D．went
解析：选A 根据空格后的“with each step”可知，此处指“我越走越生气”。因此此处应用“grow”来表示“愤怒在增强”。故答案选A。
8．A.expression
B．look
C．feeling
D．smile
解析：选D 根据下文中的“The power of that shining smile”和“His smile deepened”可知，此处应指当“我们”目光相遇时，他给了“我”一个美丽迷人的微笑。故答案选D。
9．A.proudly
B．happily
C．immediately
D．luckily
解析：选C 此处指“看到他迷人的微笑，我立刻就被折服了”。C项意为“立即”。故答案选C。
10．A.threw
B．went
C．put
D．drove
解析：选D 根据上一句中“I gave in”和下一分句中的“happily”可知，他的微笑赶走了“我”所有的愤怒。drive away意为“驱逐，赶走”。故答案选D。
11．A.flying
B．satisfying
C．responding
D．singing
解析：选C 句意：他灿烂的微笑赶走了我所有的愤怒，我发现自己脸上的肌肉在快乐地回应。此处指“我”被他的微笑折服，并不由自主地向他做出回应。C项意为“回应”。故答案选C。
12．A.gratitude
B．debt
C．smile
D．chance
解析：选A owe sb. sth.意为“欠某人某物”。根据下文中的“Tell him ‘Thank you！’”可知，此处应指作者认为那个年轻男子赶走了自己的愤怒，自己应该感谢他。A项意为“感激之情，感谢”。故答案选A。
13．A.idea
B．attempt
C．mind
D．energy
解析：选B 根据下文“Carlos can't speak English”可知，他不懂英语，不知道“我”说的是什么，所以没有打算回答。短语make an attempt to do sth. 意为“企图做某事，想做某事”，符合语境。故答案选B。
14．A.forward
B．backward
C．upward
D．downward
解析：选A 根据下文中的“volunteered”可知，附近的一个墨西哥女士主动走上前来提供帮助。A项意为“向前”。故答案选A。
15．A.speech
B．attitude
C．reply
D．question
解析：选C 根据墨西哥女士的问话“Shall I tell him something？”可知，空格前的“Yes”应是“我”的回答。C项意为“应答，答复”。故答案选C。
16．A.worried
B．upset
C．delighted
D．puzzled
解析：选D 根据墨西哥女士的疑问“Thank you？”可知，她对“我”要她帮忙转述“谢谢你”感到很困惑。D项意为“困惑的”。故答案选D。
17．A.yet
B．never
C．though
D．still
解析：选B 根据空格前的“Although”可知，逗号前后分句之间为转折关系；由此结合后一分句中的“never”可知，本句句意应为“尽管我再也没有见过那个年轻人……”。B项意为“从未，从来没有”。故答案选B。
18．A.action
B．lesson
C．word
D．song
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，此处应指那个年轻人给“我”上了一课，“我”从他那里学到了东西。teach sb. a lesson意为“给某人一个教训，给某人上了一课”，符合语境。故答案选B。
19．A.diligently
B．aimlessly
C．randomly
D．hurriedly
解析：选A 从那以后“我”就有意识地学着微笑。根据语境“anywhere and everywhere, with everybody”可知，此处应指“我”勤练微笑。A项意为“勤奋地”。故答案选A。
20．A.in charge
B．in relief
C．in favor
D．in return
解析：选D “我”的这种行为总是会吸引别人也对“我”回以善意的微笑。此处指在“我”看来，别人对“我”微笑是对“我”向他们微笑的回报。D项意为“作为回报”。故答案选D。
Module 3 Foreign Food
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.owe v． 应给予；应该把……归功于
2.consequence n.
后果
3._trend n.
趋势，趋向
4.poison n．毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的
5.taste n．味道；品味，爱好v.尝，体会→tasty adj.美味可口的→tasteless adj.无滋味的
6.greedily adv.贪婪地→greedy adj.渴望的；贪婪的→greed n．贪欲，贪婪
7.manner n．方式；方法→manners n．礼仪；礼貌
8.requirement n．要求→require v．要求；需要
9.entertain v．招待，款待；请客→entertainment n．娱乐；请客
10.remark v．谈到，说起 n．意见，评论→remarkable adj.不寻常的，奇特的；值得注意/表扬的
11.casually adv.随意地→casual adj.随便的
12.consume v．(正式)吃；喝；消耗；消费→consumer n．消费者
13.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
14.abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→abundance n．丰富；充裕
15.transform v．转化，转变→transformation n．转化
16.customer n．顾客→Customs n．海关→customs n．关税 → custom n．风俗，习惯 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The mushrooms contained poison and many people were poisoned because they had eaten the poisonous mushrooms.(poison)
2.Though the soup is tasty,_I've lost my sense of taste and it tastes just like tasteless water.(tasty)
3.She often greets me in a friendly manner,_so I think she is a person with good manners.(manner)
4.The workers required that their pay should be raised and the manager granted their requirement finally.(require)
5.Russia is a country which is very abundant in natural resources. Especially its abundance of oil and natural gas brings in large income every year.(abundant)
6.It took the customer only a few minutes to get through the Customs. If he arrives in America, he should follow their customs.(custom)
7.He made gradual progress in his study and gradually he became a popular student.(gradual) 1.abundant近义词一览
①full 满的；丰富的
②adequate
充足的；足够的
③rich
富有的；肥沃的
④enough
充足的
2.“美味的”形容词汇总
①tasty
美味可口的
②delicious
美味的，可口的
③appetising
美味可口的；促
进食欲的
④delicate
清淡可口的
⑤toothsome
美味的
3.前“因”后“果”名词小结
①reason
理由
②cause
原因
③result
结果
④consequence
后果
⑤outcome
结果；结局
4.“说”之种种
①remark
谈到，说起
②joke
开玩笑地说
③add
继续说；补充说
④complain
抱怨说
⑤go on
接着说；继续说
⑥warn
警告说；提醒说
⑦come on
说吧
⑧whisper
低声说；私下说
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.be_obsessed_with 对……着迷
2.no_wonder
难怪
3.end_up
结束
4.make_out
看出；理解
5.go_against
违背，违反
6.have_..._in_common
与……有共
同点
7.dress_up
乔装打扮
8.be_popular_with
受欢迎
9.set_fire_to
放火烧……
10.be_referred_to_..._as
被认为是……
11.be_based_on
以……为基础
12.in_short
总之，简而言之 选用左栏短语填空
1.No_wonder you couldn't get through.
You've left out a zero in this phonenumber.
2.Now that there are only a few minutes left, we'd better talk about the plan in_short.
3.She didn't recognize the man who hit her because she could only make_out a dark shape moving towards her.
4.The sweater my sister knitted for me ended_up twice the size it should have been. It had to be kept for later use.
1.“v.＋against”短语大观园
①go against违背，违反
fight against
与……斗争
compete against
与……竞争
struggle against
与……作斗争
play against
与……比赛
2.end相关短语荟萃
come to an end
结束
put/bring sth.to an end
结束……
put an end to sth.
结束；终结
end up (with)
(以……)结束
end up doing
最终在做某事
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.I had eaten Chinese food often, but I could not have imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.
我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没有想到真正的中式宴席会那么丰盛。 could not have done sth. “(过去)不可能做某事”。 小男孩总是很诚实不可能向他的妈妈撒谎。
The boy couldn't_have_lied_to his mother because he is always honest.
2.But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.
但是让我非常钦佩的一件事是英国人吃饭的举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆，他们也会吃得斯斯文文。 “do＋动词原形”表示强调。 我们政府的确需要采取一些措施来降低房价。
Our government does_need to take some measures to reduce the housing price.
3.No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish; they knew what was still to come.
怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有菜要上呢。 (it's) no wonder (that)意为“难怪；怪不得”。 他三天没睡觉了，难怪他疲惫不堪。
He hasn't slept at all for three days. No_wonder/It_is_no_wonder that he is tired out.
1．owe v．欠债；归因或归功于；应给予
[教材原句] Everything you see I owe to spaghetti.
我把你看到的一切都归功于意大利面条。
(1)owe sb.sth.＝ owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物
(2)owe ...to ...
把……归功于……；为……而感谢
owe it to sb. that ...
多亏某人……
(3) owing adj.
未付的，欠着的
owing to
因为；由于
Owing (owe) to your help, I have made great progress. In other words, I owe my progress to you.
由于你的帮助，我取得了很大进步。换句话说，我把我的进步归功于你。
I owe_it_to_you_that I finished my work in time.
多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。
[名师指津] 如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。
2．remark v．谈到，说起；注意到；评论n.意见；评论
[经典例句] She could hear the other girls making rude remarks about her.(朗文P1664)
她可以听见其他女孩在说她的坏话。
(1)remark on/upon
谈论，评论，就……发表意见
remark that ...
谈起，说起……
(2)make a remark/remarks on/about ...
就……发表评论，就……评头论足
(3)remarkable adj.
显著的，非凡的，值得注意的
be remarkable for
以……著称/引人瞩目
It's bad manners to make a remark/remarks on/about the appearance of others.
对别人的相貌品头论足是没有礼貌的。
As we all know, the West Lake is remarkable (remark) for her beautiful scenery.
众所周知，西湖以她美丽的自然景色而著称。
3．consequence n．后果，结果(可数)；重要性(不可数)
[经典例句] Many believe that poverty is a direct consequence of overpopulation.(朗文P512)
许多人认为贫困是人口过多的直接后果。
as a consequence/result (＝ in consequence)
因此，结果
as a consequence/result of (＝ in consequence of)
因为……的缘故
answer for the consequences
对后果负责
take/accept/face the consequences
承担后果
①As_a_consequence_of/In_consequence_of unemployment, many people have to leave home for a new job.
由于失业的缘故，许多人为寻找新的工作不得不离开了家。
②The young should learn to take/face/accept_the_consequences_of their actions.
年轻人应该学会承担自己行为的后果。
4．transform vi.& vt.转化；转变；改造；变换
[经典例句] Put yourself in the hands of our experts, who will transform your hair and makeup.(朗文P2135)
你把自己交给我们的专家吧，他们会使你的发型和化妆彻底改观。
(1)transform ...into ... 把……变成……
transform sb./sth. from ...
把某人/物从……中转变
(2)transformation n.
变化，转变；改观
transformation from ...to ...
从……到……的转变
She helps transform literature into braille to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers.
她帮着把文学转换为盲文，想把故事和知识的力量注入盲人读者的心灵。
He has made a complete transformation
(transform) from a comedian to a dramatic actor.
他已从喜剧演员彻底转型为戏剧演员。
[联想发散] 表示“把……变成……”的其他表达：
turn ... into ...②change ... into ...
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．The young man's transformation from a thief to an excellent worker made his parents happy.
2．One of the requirements for a fire is that the material (should)_be_heated (heat) to its burning temperature.
3．As more and more cars are produced and used, the emission from their exhaust pipes contains an even larger volume of poisonous (poison) gas.
4．The little girl is greedy (greed) to have more knowledge.
5．He entertained his friends to dinner yesterday in return for their help.
6．Soon, his warm, inviting smile put me at ease, and we spent the next two hours talking casually (casual).
7．Thanks to the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually (gradual) recovering from his lung operation.
8．Many young people in China now think fast food, which experts regard as unhealthy, is fashionable and tasty (taste)．
9．It is known to us that our country is abundant in water resources.
10．When asked about his job, he answered in a businesslike manner.
.重难点多练
1．owe面面观
完成句子
①Thanks for standing up for me — I_owe_you_a_favour (我欠你一个人情)．
②The wellknown scientist always says that he owes_all_his_success_to_the_support_of_his_family (把他所有的成功归功于家人的支持)．
③Owing_to_bad_weather (由于恶劣天气), the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.
2．remark多棱镜
(1)单句语法填空
①As we all know, China is remarkable for its china and silk.
②Could you please remark on/upon what happened just now?
③Obama made a remarkable speech after being elected president a second time. His remarks inspired many American people.(remark)
④They made rude remarks (remark) about her clothes.
(2)句型转换
⑤The audience remarked that the opening ceremony of London Olympic Games was good.
→The audience made a good remark on/about the opening ceremony of London Olympic Games.
3．consequence全扫描
(1)单句语法填空
①Since he's grownup, he must take the consequences (consequence) of his own deeds.
②We hadn't enough money to pay our bus fare, and in consequence we had to walk.
③As a consequence of the flood, three fourths of the bridges in the area require repairing.
(2)句型转换
④Your side will be responsible for all the consequences arising from it.
→Your side will answer for all the consequences arising from it.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出taste的词性和词义
(A)n.味道；滋味 (B)n.品味，口味 (C)n.喜爱，爱好
(D)n.味觉
(E)v.尝，品尝；体会
1．You'll be able to choose a room based on your own personal tastes.__B__
2．Moreover, I consider it a golden chance to tour around China to enjoy the wonderful scenery and taste the inviting food here and there.(2017·山东高考改编)__E__
3．Has the milk gone sour? It's got a funny taste.__A__
4．You need a good sense of taste to be a chef (厨师)．__D__
5．I've always had a taste for jazz and blues.__C__
1. set fire to放火烧……
[教材原句] He and some servants followed Kun Xi and Chang to the island and set fire to the hut where they were sleeping.
他和几个随从尾随坤喜和阿常来到小岛后，在他们睡觉的时候，放火焚烧了他们的茅舍。
set ... on fire 放火烧……，使……着火
catch fire
着火(动作)
be on fire
着火(状态)
make/start/light a fire
点火
play with fire
玩火
put out the fire
灭火
①He was arrested because he set fire to his neighbor's house.
＝He was arrested because he set his neighbor's house on fire.
他因放火烧邻居家的房子而被捕。
②It took firefighters several hours to put_out_the_fire.
消防队员花了数小时才把火扑灭。
2．make out(勉强地)看出，听出；理解；填写；辨认出；声称
[经典例句] I could hear voices but I couldn't make out what they were saying.(牛津P1222)
我能听到说话的声音，却听不清他们在说什么。
make it 做成；成功；及时到达，赶得上
make for
朝……行进；对……有好处；有利于
make up
组成；编造；化妆；占据
make up for
弥补，补偿
①How can I make up for the way I've treated you?
我这样对你，该怎么向你表示歉意呢？
②In some languages, 100 words make_up half of all words used in daily conversations.(2017·天津高考单选)
在一些语言中，100个词构成了日常对话使用的所有词汇的一半。
3．But one thing I do_admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.
但是让我非常钦佩的是英国人吃饭的举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆，他们也会吃得斯斯文文。
(1)I do admire是一个省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰one thing，句中谓语动词admire 前加了do 表示强调，根据具体情况可用do (一般现在时)；does (一般现在时第三人称单数)；did (一般过去时)。
①The baby does catch a cold every now and then.
那个婴儿的确常常会感冒。
②Anyway, do let me know if you can make it.
不管怎么样，如果你能来，一定要告诉我一声。
③She did_tell_me about her address but I forgot all about it.
她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
(2) in the world, on earth, at all 等介词短语也可用来表示强调(常用于疑问句)。
④Where on_earth could he be?
他到底会在哪儿呢？
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①If you don't know what you want, you might end up getting (get)
something you don't want.
②We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose one based (base) on your own interests.
③She always referred to Ben as “that nice man”．
④Arguments happen when people go against each other's views.
⑤The Jiangsu TV station is very popular with many people in China, as it deals with diverse subjects such as entertainment and fashion.
⑥If appearance did not count, why would people dress up for such interviews?
⑦I did meet her the other day in our city; she couldn't have left.
⑧The twins are similar to each other in appearance, but they have nothing in common in nature.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
It's ①no_wonder (难怪) that Mary and Joan are good friends. As time goes by, I find that Mary and Joan ②have_a_lot_in_common (有许多共同之处). They ③are_popular_with (受……欢迎) not only our classmates but also our teachers. They have never ④gone_against (违背) their teachers' wishes. ⑤As_a_consequence (因此), they are always getting high marks in every examination. ⑥In_short (简而言之), they two are good students in our class.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．fire相关短语个个清
(1)介、副词填空
①Look at that smoke; the building must be on fire.
②After several hours they managed to put out the fire and save the town.
③It is not safe for children to play with fire.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
They collected some firewood and ④made_a_fire (点火)to keep themselves warm. But a moment later, a spark (火星) set some hay (干草) beside their tent on fire. They panicked when they found the tent ⑤caught_fire (着火). Thanks to the river nearby, they ⑥put_out (扑灭) the fire in time.
2．make相关短语点点练
(1)写出下列句中make out 的含义
①Can you make out the face on the photograph？辨认出
②The students present at the meeting could not make out what he was talking about.理解
③She made out a check and handed it to me.填写
④She always makes out she's the only one who does any work.声称
(2)介、副词填空
⑤She determined to work twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.
⑥He had no choice but to make up an excuse to explain his being late.
⑦We made for the accident spot as fast as possible.
[课堂练基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Owing (owe) to his hard work, John's classmates all think he is bound to succeed.
2．Xu Jinglei has made a complete transformation (transform) from an actress to a director.
3．When they got there, the whole building was on fire.
4．If we run, we should make it.
5．California is referred to as the “Golden State”．
6．His story is based on his own experience when he was studying in Harvard University.
7．Our president entertained the foreign leaders to dinner last night.
8．He used to be a good student, but after he was obsessed with computer games, things completely changed.
9．The writer's writing style was what people remarked on/upon most at the meeting.
10．As a consequence, I decide to exchange it for something that I really need at present.(2017·重庆高考改编)
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He owes to his doctor's care that he is quite well again.owes后加it
2．They are twins. There is no wonder that they look so alike.There→It
3．Tom and Jerry is such an interesting cartoon that all kids like to watch.that→as
4．The two flu cases, the first of them occurred a week ago, were caused by H7N9 virus.them→which
5．With our knowledge basing on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.basing→based
6．EBay, Amazon and WalMart are popular websites which people can sell goods to each other.which→where
7．An official is said to have set fire on a camp in the field, causing one death and two injuries.on→to
8．We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make difference to our youth.make后加a
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Li Gang used to be a top student in our class, but last term he was_obsessed_with (对……着迷) computer games. As a result, he couldn't concentrate on study and couldn't understand what the teacher was saying. Besides (otherwise/besides/because), he was even absent from school. ①So it was not surprising that he often failed in exams. All the teachers made_a_bad_remark_on/about (对……做出不好的评价)
his school performance, which did_make (确实让) his mother worry that he would end_up (结束) in failure. She felt she was to blame and was determined to turn him into a good student.
At last, with his mother's encouragement and help, he got rid of the bad habit and was admitted to a key university. When referring to this, he owed_his_success_to (把他的成功归功于) his mother.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分
(1)As a result→As_a_consequence
(2)understand→make_out
(3)turn→transform
2．用“no wonder ...”改写句
No_wonder_he_often_failed_in_exams.
[课下练高考]
练（一第卷强化增分练——练规范
(限时：45分钟)
.语法填空
(2016·济南市高三调研)A man went to a barbershop to have his hair cut. As the barber began to work, they started chatting. They talked __1__ so many things and various subjects. When they __2__ (final) touched on the subject of God, the barber said：“I don't believe that God exists.”
“Why do you say that？” asked the customer.
“Well, you just have to go out in __3__ street to prove that. Tell me, if God existed, would there be so many sick people? Would there be
abandoned children? If God existed, there __4__ be neither suffering nor pain. I can't imagine __5__ (love) a God who would allow all of these things to happen.”
The customer thought for a moment, but didn't respond because he didn't want to start an __6__ (argue). After everything __7__(do) and just after he left the barber's, he saw a man in the street with long dirty hair. The customer entered the barber's again and said：“You know what？__8__ do not exist.”
“How can you say that？” asked the surprised barber.“I am here, and I am a barber. And I just __9__ (work) on you！”
“No！” the customer said.“Barbers don't exist because __10__ they did, there would be no people with long dirty hair, like that man outside.”
语篇解读：本文是一个小故事。讲述的是一位男士到理发店去理发，和理发师聊起了上帝是否存在的话题。
1．about talk about sth.表示“讨论某事”。
2．finally 修饰动词touched应用final的副词形式。
3．the in the street表示“在街上”。
4．would/should/could/might 考查情态动词。本句是if引导的虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句应用would/could/might/should＋动词原形。
5．loving imagine doing sth.“想象做某事”。
6．argument 根据前面的不定冠词an可知，这儿需要用名词形式。
7．was done 由后面的left可知，应用一般过去时；又因do 和everything是动宾关系，故应用被动语态。
8．Barbers 根据下文理发师说的话可知，这里是在说“理发师是不存在的”。
9．worked “我”刚刚给你理了头。此处是描述过去发生的事，故应用一般过去时。
10．if 如果理发师存在的话，就不会出现头发又长又脏的人了。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2016·昆明质量检测二)I was asked to be a student teacher last week. My China teacher required me to give a lesson in my class. It was a first time that I had stood before class. I was thankful for her, because I had dreamed to be a teacher all the time. Considered that the class wouldn't listen to me, I felt so nervous that I could fall asleep the night before. On the morning to give the lesson, I found it heavy to move my foot. At first, I can hardly speak fluently. Otherwise, I found myself much more relaxed gradually, because my classmates looked at me encouragingly. Finally, I finished the lesson smooth. I will remember my this experience forever.
答案：第二句：China→Chinese
第三句：a→the
第四句：for→to
第五句：Considered→Considering; could→couldn't或could后加not
第六句：foot→feet
第七句：can→could
第八句：Otherwise→However
第九句：smooth→smoothly
第十句：去掉my或this
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2016·郑州市高三质量预测)假定你是李华。你打算高中毕业后申请英国剑桥大学(Cambridge University)的教育学专业。请你给剑桥大学招生办公室写一封电子邮件。
内容包括：
1．自我介绍；
2．询问对申请人英语方面的要求；
3．询问提交申请的起止时间。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．邮件的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，
I'm Li Hua, a senior high school student from China and I'll graduate in June. I have been dreaming of being a student in Cambridge University, and I plan to major in Education.
I'm wondering what the admission requirements for international applicants are.I'll have learned English for six years upon graduation, but I need to know what kinds of tests of the English language are required for applicants. I scored well in TOEFL one year ago, but is that enough?
What's more, would you please tell me what materials I should
submit? Besides, when do you begin to accept applications and what is the deadline for them?
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
练（二阅读理解组合练——练短板
(限时：15分钟)
.阅读理解
(2016·南宁第二次适应性考试)The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David Tilman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized (工业化), population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.
The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk of noninfectious diseases like diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease.
Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20year period. And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on.
And, a diet bad for human beings is also bad for the environment. As the world's population grows, more forests and tropical (热带的) areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.
Mr. Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health, “a trilemma” — a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。《自然》杂志上一篇新的报告表示，西方饮食对人的健康和环境有不良影响，人们应警惕西方饮食带来的危害。
1．According to the passage, more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from ________.
A．transportation
B．developing countries
C．agriculture
D．developed countries
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，未来更多的温室气体排放可能来自于农业，故选择C项。
2．David Tilman believes that ________.
A．the diet, the environment and human health are closely connected
B．the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes
C．people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease
D．traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，Tilman先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为三难困境。由此可知，它们三个是紧密相关的，故选择A项。
3．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases
B．overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases
C．the examined information comes from developing countries
D．industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句可推知，工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播，故D项正确。
4．The main purpose of the passage is to
________.
A．call on us to protect the environment
B．warn us of the danger of the Western diet
C．remind us of the importance of health
D．advise us to have a balanced diet
解析：选B 写作意图题。综合全文，尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，西方饮食有害健康，不利于环境，故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2016·资阳市第三次诊断)Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour with them and feel as if you have known them half your life. __1__
Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they'll help you put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly.
First of all, good talkers ask questions. __2__ One wellknown businesswoman says, “At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It's a common question, but it will get things going.” From there you can move on to other matters — sometimes to really personal questions. __3__
Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers. This point seems clear, but it isn't. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully and attentively.
__4__ If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he's really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then, it's time for you to change the subject.
Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting. If you're saying goodbye, you may give him a firm handshake and say, “I've really enjoyed meeting you.” __5__ Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they've known you half their life.
A．Real listening at least means some things.
B．You can become a popular person.
C．Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question.
D．And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.
E．If you want to see that person again, don't keep it a secret.
F．It's polite to listen to others with a smile.
G．These people have something in common.
答案：1～5 GCDAE
Module 4 Which English?
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.count
v. 很重要，很有价值
2.relevant adj.
有关的，切题的
3.superior adj.
更好的，更强的
4.tendency n.
趋向，倾向
5.oppose
v.
反对
6.debate n.
讨论；辩论
7.investigate v．调查→investigation n．调查
8.instantly adv.立即，马上→instant adj.立即的；紧急的，立刻的n.瞬间，立刻
9.recognisable adj.能辨认的，能认出的→recognise v．认出；承认→recognition n．认出；承认
10.complain v．抱怨；不满→complaint n．抱怨
11.convinced adj.信服的，确信的→convincing adj.令人信服的→convince vt.使信服
12.association n．联系→associate v．联系→associated adj.有联系的
13.significance n．意义；含义→significant adj.有意义的
14.resist v．反抗；抵抗→resistance n．反抗；抵抗→resistant adj.反抗的
15.approval n．赞许；赞成→approve v．赞许；赞成
16.curiosity n．好奇心→curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.His convincing words finally convinced me, and I was convinced that he was innocent.(convince)
2.Some scientists associate smoking with cancer, because smoking has a close association with lung cancer.(associate)
3.To get more evidence, the lawyer investigated many witnesses. After investigation,_he got some useful proof.(investigate)
4.Most students think it significant to join the English corner, though a few haven't realized the significance of it.(significance)
5.Thanks to your approval,_if you didn't approve of my plan, I would be fired by the employer.(approve)
6.The child asked curiously,_“Why does the moon move around the earth？” We are curious to know why she asked such a question. Perhaps children show curiosity about everything.(curious) 1.聚焦se结尾动词
①recognise认出；承认
②organise
组织，组合
③realise
认识到，实现
④arise
出现；发生
⑤raise
举起；抬起
⑥abuse
滥用；虐待
⑦expose
暴露
⑧advertise
做广告
2.说说“赞成”相关词汇
①approve v.
赞许；赞成
②agree v.
同意，赞成
③approval n.
同意，赞成
④agreement n.
同意
⑤favour n.
赞同，支持
⑥agree with
同意，赞成
⑦in favour of
支持，赞同
⑧be for
支持，赞成
3.“反对”词汇大比拼
①oppose vt.
反对
②object vi.
反对
③disapprove vt.
反对；不同意
④disagree vi.
不同意
⑤object to
反对
be opposed to
反对
be against
反对
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.tell_..._apart区分开
2.as_long_as
只要
3.or_rather
更确切地说
4.lie_in
在于
5.in_case
以免，万一
6.communicate_with
与……交流
7.in_conclusion
总之
8.a_huge_number_of
大量的
9.be_relevant_to
与……相关
10.get_down_to_sth.
开始做某事
11.let_sb.down
使某人失望
12.be_meant_for
意欲……，有……目的 选用左栏短语填空
1.Before you get_down_to any serious sporting activity, it is important to warm and stretch your muscles.
2.In_conclusion,_I would like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this good result.
3.I promised to go to the party with Jane and I can't let_her_down.
4.Your dream will come true sooner or later as_long_as you do your best.
5.A_huge_number_of goods in many net stores of Tianmao are on sale on Singles' Day every year. 1.lie相关短语全扫描
①lie in 在于
lie down
躺下
lie on one's stomach
趴着
lie on one's back
仰卧
lie on one's side
侧卧
2.“开始做某事”短语大团圆
get down to (doing) sth.
②settle down to sth.
③set about doing sth.
④set out to do sth.
⑤start/begin to do/doing sth.
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.In this sense everybody's use of language — whether English, Chinese, or any other — is different.
从这种意义上来说，每个人对语言的使用——不管是英语、汉语还是任何其他语言——都是不同的。 whether ... or ...“不论……还是……”，用于连接并列成分。
她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是有意安排。
She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or by design I'm not sure.
2.English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand.
英语中有大量绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。 “主语＋be＋adj.＋to do ...”句式。 我很讨厌这个与我一直在一起工作的伙伴；他很难相处。
I am tired of the partner I have been working with; he is_hard_to_get_along_with.
3.Perhaps correctness doesn't matter — as long as speakers can understand each other — it's communication that counts.
也许正确与否不要紧——只要说话的人互相明白就行——重要的是交流本身。 强调句型，强调了句子的主语。 直到你给我指出，我才意识到自己的错误。
It_was_not_until you pointed it out to me that I realized my mistake.
1．debate n．& v．讨论；辩论
[经典例句] The committee will debate whether to lower the age of club membership to 16.(牛津P514)
委员会将讨论是否将参加俱乐部的年龄限制放宽到16岁。
(1)under debate 正在讨论中
hold a debate
行讨论
a debate about/over/on
一场有关……的辩论
(2)debate on/about/over ...
就……辩论
debate about sth. with sb.
和某人就某事辩论
①It has been reported that the country's healthcare reform is still under_debate.
据报道这个国家的医疗改革仍然在讨论中。
②There is a heated debate on/over/about whether women should spend more time in the home.
对妇女是否应该花更多时间待在家里有一场热烈的争论。
③We must debate_about the question with the rest of the members.
我们必须和其他会员讨论这个问题。
2．convinced adj.确信的，信服的
[教材原句]Experts are convinced that this will happen in the future as more and more people learn English and call it their own.
专家们确信，随着将来越来越多的人学习英语并把它称为自己的语言，这一现象将会发生。
(1)be convinced of/that ... 相信/确信……
(2)convince vt.
使确信，使信服
convince
使某人相信……
convince sb.to do sth.
说服某人做某事
(3)convincing adj.
有说服力的
From this story, I am firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.(2017·湖南高考书面表达)
通过这个故事，我坚信了诚实的重要性，它将有助于构建一个温暖和谐的社会。
His idea was not convincing (convince). At last I convinced him to_change (change)
his mind.
他的观点没有说服力。最终我说服他改变了主意。
3．oppose v．反对；与……对抗
[经典例句] He threw all those that opposed him into prison.(牛津P1400)
他把所有反对他的人都投进了监狱。
(1)oppose
(2)opposed adj.强烈反对，截然不同
be opposed to (doing) sth.
反对(做)某事
(3)opposite adj.相反的；对面的；对立的
n.
对立面
prep.
在……的对面
adv.
在对面
The parents strongly opposed their daughter going (go) there alone.
父母极力反对他们的女儿单独去那里。
Most company bosses say they are_opposed_to employees working overtime.
大多数公司老板说，他们反对雇员加班。
Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite (oppose)．(2017·四川高考书面表达)
良好的习惯总是产生较高的效率，而坏的习惯则相反。
[名师指津] oppose后跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式；在be opposed to结构中，to是介词，其后要用动词ing形式作宾语。
.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)
1．For convenience, we may classify the students into four groups according to their hobbies.
2．I have a tendency to_see (see) pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
3．The boy couldn't resist showing (show) off his being praised by the teacher on arriving home.
4．They debated for an hour about/on/over the advantages and disadvantages of the plan.
5．She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
6．He was curious about how she would react.
7．You can complain to the local government unless you are happy with the way they deal with the matter.
8．The factory set up the year before is of great significance to this area's economy.
9．As long as I get good marks in my tests, it_doesn't_matter (不重要) if I can speak English or not.
10．There has always been a_close_association (密切关系) between these two schools.
.重难点多练
1．convince面面观
(1)单句语法填空
①We finally managed to make the customers convinced of the quality of the vehicle.
②The picture convinces me that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student.
③There is convincing (convince)
evidence that skin cancer is linked to exposure to the sun.
(2)句型转换
④I've been trying to convince Jean to come with me.
→I've been trying to persuade Jean to come with me.
→I've been trying to persuade/talk/argue Jean into coming with me.
2．oppose个个清
(1)完成句子
①We both strongly oppose_your_going_to (反对你去) that country at this time of the war. It's not a wise decision.
②Most of us opposed/were_opposed_to_carrying_out (反对执行) the plan for the benefit of our company.
(2)句型转换
③They object to building the nuclear power station near their village.
→They oppose building the nuclear power station near their village.
→They are opposed to building the nuclear power station near their village.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出count的词性和词义
(A)v.数 (B)v.包括，把……计算在内
(C)v.很重要，很有价值
(D)v.依靠，指望
(E)n.(数出)总数
1．May I count on your helping me with my English？__D__
2．The teacher was counting the children as they got on the bus.__A__
3．There are five people in the family counting my parents.__B__
4．He is always lying to us, so his promise doesn't count for much.__C__
5．The vote was so close that we had to have several counts.__E__
1．let sb.down使某人失望
[教材原句] With friends like these, who needs enemies? means a friend has betrayed your trust or let you down.
“有这样的朋友，还要敌人干吗？”意思是一个朋友背叛了你，让你很失望。
let alone更不用说；更谈不上
let sb./sth. alone
不管/不干涉某人/某物
let off
让……下车；宽恕；使爆炸
let out
使出去；放出；泄露；发出
let go (of)
放手，松手，放开；使自由
let in
放进，让……进来
①Many foreign friends were very excited when Chang'e3 lifted off at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, let_alone we Chinese people.
当“嫦娥三号”在西昌卫星发射中心离地升空的时候，许多外国朋友都感到非常兴奋，更不用说我们中国人了。
②I can tell you the truth, but you must promise not to let_out the secret.
我可以告诉你事实真相，但是你得答应不要把这个秘密泄露出去。
③When John was arrested for drunk driving, he expected to lose his driving license, but he was let_off with a fine.
当约翰因酒驾被捕时，他预计会被吊销驾照，但是他被处罚金后被放过了。
2．tell ...apart区分来
[经典例句] It's almost impossible to tell Jackie and Moira apart since they had their hair cut.(朗文P2059)
杰姬和莫伊拉都把头发剪了，几乎不可能把她俩区别开来。
(1)tell A from B/tell the difference between A and B/distinguish between A and B/distinguish A from B把A和B区分开来
(2)fall apart
土崩瓦解
apart from
除……之外
①I think it is quite impossible for us to tell the twin brothers apart.
＝I think it is quite impossible for us to tell_the_difference_between the twin brothers.
对于我们来说，把这对双胞胎兄弟区分开来我认为是不可能的。
②Apart_from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
除了脸部和双手受伤以外，他的两条腿也断了。
3．English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be_difficult_to_understand.
英语中有大量绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。
(1)该句中的定语从句用的是“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do ...”句式。其中不定式说明主语在哪些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。
①Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is hard to_get_along_with.
尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
②The story is very interesting for the students to_read (read)．
这篇故事对学生来说读起来很有趣。
(2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但通常以主动形式表示被动。该句式中常用的形容词有easy, hard, difficult, comfortable, (im)possible，pleasant, interesting, exciting, important等。
③Sending messages to take part in the programme is difficult for the old to_do (do)．
对老人来说，发短信参与节目很难。
[名师指津] 如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。
④The armchair looks rather hard,
but in fact it is very comfortable to_sit_in.
这扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to deal with.
②The number of the people invited to the meeting is (be) fifty, a huge number of whom are government officials.
③The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to get down to our studies.
④The real cause of the problem lies in the poor construction of the bridge.
⑤He worked late last night, or rather, early this morning.
⑥Learning foreign languages calls for your memory, time, patience and emotions. In conclusion, it is not a simple thing.
⑦The problem is that most students prefer to communicate with their Internet friends rather than their parents.
⑧I have decided to take the job offer, whether it is good or bad.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
Food really counts in our life. ①As_long_as (只要) we live, we need it. However, many people are complaining about the problems of food. There're ②a_huge_number_of (大量的) foods which contain poisonous chemicals in the market. So we can't ③tell_them_apart (把它们区分开). ④Or_rather (更确切地说), we are worried that they will do harm to our health. To our relief, our government are ⑤getting_down_to (开始着手) solving the problem.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．let相关短语万花筒
介、副词填空
①At the sight of a snake lying on the ground, she let out a scream.
②She can't ride a bicycle, let alone drive a car.
③Please open the window and let in some fresh air.
④This train stops to let passengers off at every station.
⑤I'm counting on you to support me — don't let me down.
2．apart相关短语多棱镜
(1)完成句子
①除普通住房外，几乎所有部落都有某种建筑风格。
Apart_from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.
②接着她丈夫失去了工作，计划破产了。
Then her husband lost his job, and the_plan_fell_apart.
(2)一句多译
对我们来说，在社会上辨别出真假朋友是非常重要的。
③It is very important for us to tell true friends and false ones apart in society.
④It is very important for us to tell/distinguish true friends from false ones in society.
⑤It is very important for us to tell the difference between true friends and false ones in society.
[课堂练基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Whether he deserves what has happened to him is still under debate.
2．At first he was opposed to the project, but we managed to argue him into accepting it.
3．Scientists are convinced (convince) of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.
4．We can only count on ourselves to_improve (improve) our life.
5．There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking.
6．Sometimes I wonder if my teaching is relevant to the future of the students.
7．Everyone stood up instantly (instant) the hero came into the lecture hall.
8．Although Johnson is my student, his knowledge of world literature is superior to mine.
9.Every day is identical with the one before. I literally can't tell them apart.
10．Those air conditioners are our bestselling products because they are easy to_handle (handle) and work with little noise.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．We are firmly opposed to help the young man addicted to alcohol.help→helping
2．Convincing of the accuracy of the data, they stuck to their opinion.Convincing→Convinced
3．Though she works hard, but she makes very slow progress.去掉but或but→yet
4．I'll let you out this time, but don't do it again.out→off
5．Beethoven is my favourite musician. I regard him superior than other musicians. than→to
6．The room which my friend booked on the Internet is comfortable to live.live后加in
7．It's high time that we should get down to deal with the problem of food safety.deal→dealing
8．It was not until he came back from Africa that year when he met the girl he would like to marry.when→that
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Henry still couldn't tell_the_two_grammar_points_apart (区分这两个语法点). So his father said angrily that he had explained them to him three times and that the boy disappointed him.
①Henrydebated_that (争辩说) his father didn't get it across and that it was really hard to understand the two grammar points. To be honest, I was against the way the father taught his son, because (because/but/though) his discouraging words couldn't solve the problem at all. On the contrary, children would resist_studying (抵制学习). At last, I convinced_him_that (使他相信) different educational methods would lead to different results.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分
(1)said angrily→complained
(2)disappointed him→let_him_down
(3)against→opposed_to
2.用“Sth./Sb.＋be ＋adj.＋to do”句型改写句
Henry_debated_that_his_father_didn't_get_it_across_and_that_the_two_grammar_points_were_really_hard_to_understand.
[课下练高考]
阅读理解提速练——练速度
(限时：20分钟)
A
(2016·东北三校二模)CANYOUIMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREADSENTENCESLIKETHIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The lack of punctuation marks probably didn't bother good readers, though. As they read, they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time, sentences switched directions. A sentence read from left to right. The next one read right to left, and then left to right again, etc. The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They·put·something·that·can·separate·words·in·a·sentence. The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word puncture, which means a dot.
When the 5th century arrived, there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points. The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading. Then in the 13th century, a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation. He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence. He used a slash (/) to indicate a short pause. Over time, that slash was shortened and curled, and it became the modern comma (逗号)．
Since that time, other marks have enlarged the punctuation family. The exclamation mark (感叹号) comes from the Latin word io. It means “exclamation of joy”. The question mark originally started out as the Latin word questio, meaning question. Eventually, scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a question.
Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are coming into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. Take for example the “interrobang”. This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both. For example, “She did what！？” or “How much did you pay for that dress！？” Obviously, the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet, but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英文中标点符号的起源和发展。
1．From the first paragraph, we can know that ________.
A．good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks
B．a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece
C．the ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks
D．the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后两句“The ancient Romans sometimes ... which means a dot.”可推知，标点符号的使用可以追溯到古代。故答案选D。
2．The passage is developed by ________.
A．time
B．space
C．comparison
D．importance
解析：选A 篇章结构题。文章第二、三、四段开头第一句都与时间有关，由此可推知，本文是按照时间顺序来写作的。故答案选A。
3．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．ancient Romans didn't use any punctuation marks
B．exclamation and question marks came from Latin
C．spaces and slashes were already used before the 5thcentury
D．Aldus Manutius first started to use commas
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二、四句可知，感叹号和问号都起源于拉丁语。故答案选B。
4．What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．The combination of two marks will not work.
B．It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks.
C．Old punctuation marks need to be standardized.
D．Punctuation marks are still changing today.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays.”和最后一句中的“but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation”可知，英语中的标点符号至今还在继续变化。故答案选D。
B
(2016·石家庄市高三质检一)
Jackson Language School
Summer Opening and Closing Time
The Jackson Language School is open each day except Sunday. There is an English Corner also available from 6 pm－9 pm at the Bellevue Hall across from the school.
Class Size
Classes have a minimum of 10 students and a maximum of 16 students in one class. Classes are equipped with earphones and an electronically controlled listening.
Teachers
Teachers are all experienced and have a minimum of 2 years' experience and at least a certificate in teaching English as a second language. They are all available for tutoring if you need it.
Location
The school is located 15 minutes from central London at 34 Inverleith Row, next to the Marks and Spencer shopping centre. It is near a bus stop and only a 5minute walk from the tube.
Attendance
Students on student visas are expected to attend regularly. Students who are absent more than 60% of the time will be reported to the Student Office. Moreover, if students attend less than 80%, they will not be able to get a certificate from Jackson Language School. It is also required by the Student Office for a visa extension.
Home Stay
You are able to stay with a British family if you request so. Jackson has a home stay program that matches students with families according to their own requirements and needs. While generally no problems occur, students may move from a home stay household if he or she gives a 2week written notice to the home stay family school.
Language Policy
As the course is an immersion (沉浸式) program, students are expected to speak English the entire time they are at the school. If they speak any language other than English at the school, they may be asked to leave the school for a day.
语篇解读：本文是一则广告，主要介绍的是一所语言学校的暑假班的招生信息。
5.If you attend more than 80% of your classes, ________.
A．you will be likely to get a certificate
B．you will not obtain a visa extension
C．you may be reported to the Student Office
D．you may not be able to get a certificate
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据Attendance部分中的“Moreover, if students attend less than 80%, they will not be able to get a certificate from Jackson Language School.”可知，如果学生上课的时间少于总量的80%，就无法获得结业证书。由此可推断，如果学生上课的时间超过总量的80%，就可能会获得结业证书，故A项正确。
6．The students are expected to speak English ________.
A．part of the time while at the school
B．the entire time they are at the school
C．no matter when they want to
D．when they are in a home stay family
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“students are expected to speak English the entire time they are at the school”可知，这个学校希望学生在学校的全部时间都说英语，故B项正确。
7．At Jackson Language School, ________.
A．you can't move out of a home stay family
B．you can't take part in an English Corner
C．you can turn to a teacher when you need to be tutored
D．you can study in a class less than 10 students
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据Teachers部分中的“They are all available for tutoring if you need it.”可知，在这个学校，如果需要辅导的话，学生可以向这个学校的老师求助，故C项正确。
C
(2016·海口市高考模拟)Chinese consumers' crazy appetite for luxury goods and services appears unstoppable, with just 2 percent of the Chinese population responsible for onethird of the world's luxury items.
As China's economic miracle develops, the market opportunities for all sorts of luxury goods and services are increasing. Luxury consumption in China now extends ways beyond wellknown car, clothing and jewelry brands. For example, the luxury jet market in China is the fastestgrowing in the world, even outstripping that of the United States, with a market share of 25 percent. This trend appears to continue, with 20 to 30 percent growth expected in China, compared with only 2 to 3 percent in the US. But more importantly, China's luxury jet market growth represents a major development in the private consumption of luxury items.
China's highquality red wine market also provides evidence of the growth in private consumption of luxury goods. In 2017, China became the largest market for red wine in the world, even overtaking France, with 1.86 billion bottles consumed in China last year. Over the past five years, China's red wine consumption has grown 136 percent.
According to my ongoing consumer research in this area while working at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing, public consumption of such expensive global luxury brands such as Prada and Armani is easily explained by the desire to “gain face” and publicly display social climbing through material possessions. On the other hand, it is “selfreward” that lies behind consumer motivation in this
area. Chinese consumers who have experienced rapid financial and economic gains appear particularly prone to the need to reward themselves for their success. But this has little to do with “gaining face” and impressing others and much more to do with the need for personal contentment.
Finally, the growth in private luxury consumption in China is set to continue in part due to the maturity of the Chinese consumer and advancement of Chinese consumer culture generally.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了中国奢侈消费不断增长的问题。
8．What do you think the author would most probably be?
A．A news reporter.
B．An accountant.
C．A professor.
D．A conductor.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“According to my ongoing consumer research in this area while working at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing ...”可推知，作者有可能是一名大学教授，故C项正确。
9．The underlined word “outstripping” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．falling far behind of
B．going out of
C．going far ahead of
D．keeping pace with
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“For example, the luxury jet market in China is the fastestgrowing in the world ...”和“This trend appears to continue, with 20 to 30 percent growth expected in China, compared with only 2 to 3 percent in the US.”可推知，故C项正确。
10．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and 3?
A．China's luxury jet market growth is only 2% to 3%.
B．France was once the largest market for red wine in the world before 2017.
C．The luxury jet market in the US shares 25% of the jet consumption in the world.
D．China's red wine consumption has increased to 1.86 billion bottles since 2017.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“In 2017, China became the largest market for red wine in the world, even overtaking France, with 1.86 billion bottles consumed in China last year.”可推知，2017年以前法国是世界上红酒的最大消费市场，故B项正确。
11．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Future Private Luxury Consumption in China
B．Chinese Appetite for Luxury Goods and Services
C．The Potential Luxury Jet Market in China
D．The Maturity of the Chinese Consumers
解析：选B 标题归纳题。文章第一段开篇点题，结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是中国人对奢侈商品及服务热烈追捧的问题，即B项正确。
Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.witness v． 目击；亲身经历
2.burst v.
爆炸；迸发
3.view v.
看，观察
n.
观点；风景
4.acknowledge v.
承认；认为
5.accuse
v.
指责
6.sorrow n.
悲伤；悲痛
7.consult v.
咨询；请教
8.depend
v．依靠；取决于→dependent adj.依赖的→dependence n．依赖，依靠→independence n．独立
9.relief n．安慰；宽慰→relieve v．安慰；宽慰
10.devotion
n．忠诚→devote v．致力于→devoted adj.忠诚的
11.observation n．观察；监视→observe v．观察
12.deliberately adv.蓄意地，故意地→deliberate adj.故意的
13.accustomed adj.习惯的→accustom v．使习惯于
14.assume v．假定，假设→assumption n．假定，假设→assuming conj.假定/认为……
15.patience n．耐心 →patient adj.耐心的n.病人→patiently
adv.耐心地
16.advanced adj.高级的，先进的→advance v．& n．前进；进展 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.At first, Anne totally depended on Jack, her husband. After many years of struggle, she gained her independence and now she is dependent on herself to lead a new life.(depend)
2. Mr Black is my devoted friend. He devotes his life to doing scientific research. I respect his devotion to science.(devote)
3.The doctor said patiently,_“Just a little patience. I'm examining the patient.” (patient)
4.It is assumed that hard work leads to great success, so we assume him to be successful. But assuming that he isn't that lucky, what shall we do to comfort him？(assume)
5.Our soldiers now can advance 300 miles a day in the desert with the help of the advanced Global Positioning System (全球定位系统)．(advance) 1.acc开头动词大全
①accuse指责
②accelerate
加速
③access
接近
④accommodate
容纳
⑤accompany
陪同
⑥accomplish
完成
⑦account
解释
⑧accumulate
积累
2.“悲伤”一族
①sorrow n.
悲伤；懊悔
②sorrowful adj.
悲伤的
③sad adj.
难过的
④sadness n.
悲哀
⑤grief n.
悲痛；忧伤
⑥miserable adj.
悲惨的
⑦mournful adj.
悲哀的
⑧heartbroken adj.
悲伤的
3.ass开头动词集锦
①assume
假定，假设
assist
帮助，协助
associate
联想；联系
assure
使确信
assign
分配；分派
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.break_out 爆发
2.(be)_aware__of
意识到
3.make_it
成功，做成
4.in_spite_of
不管
5.at_the_very_beginning_of
在……开始的时候
6.a_series_of
一系列的，一连串的
7.result_in
导致，引起
8.make/have_an_impact_on
对……有影响
9.pray_for
祈望；祈求
10.be_similar_to
与……相似
11.set_out
陈述；着手进行
12.accuse_sb._of_(doing)_sth.
指责某人(做)某事
13.be_accustomed_to
习惯于 选用左栏短语填空
1.After living there for one year, they have been_accustomed_to working there.
2.The conflicts between different ethnic groups caused a_series_of wars.
3.I was still living in London when the war broke_out.
4.Though he had tried to climb to the top of the mountain several times, he didn't make_it.
5.In_spite_of the rough weather and traffic, rescue teams
have managed to reach the quakestricken area.
6.Sir, please give me some money to buy some food. I will pray_for your health and long life. 1.无被动语态短语小结
①date from/back to 追溯到
belong to
属于
consist of
由……组成
come true
变成现实
take place
发生
break out
爆发
2.“不管；不顾”词语点滴
regardless of
不管；不顾
despite
尽管；不管
in spite of
尽管；不管
3.聚焦“对……有影响”短语
make/have an impact on
②have an effect on
③have influence on/upon
④impact on/upon
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.The world was in shock — maybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane.
全世界都震惊了——也许他们原本都认为这次太空飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没什么危险。 “no＋比较级＋than”表示“同……一样不”。 他的英语同我的英语一样不好。
His English is no_better_than_mine.
2.... little did he know what impact he was going to make.
……他根本不知道他将要造成多大的轰动。 否定词前置，句子用部分倒装。 也许你已经去过很多国家， 但是在其他地方你都找不到这么美的宫殿。
Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else can_you_find such a beautiful palace.
3.Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption ...
尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼所看到的证据都必然会让我们做出这个设想…… as 引导的让步状语从句，应使用倒装结构。 尽管她非常不喜欢去这个节目，但她知道她必须去那儿，否则她妈妈会不高兴。
Much as_she_disliked going to the program, she knew she had to be there or her mother would be unhappy.
1．accustomed adj.习惯的；通常的；惯常的
[教材原句] Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel.
自从1969年7月21日阿姆斯特朗第一次踏上月球以来，人们已经习惯了太空旅行这个想法。
(1)be accustomed/used to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表状态)
get/become accustomed/used to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表 动作)
(2)accustom vt.
使……习惯于
accustom oneself to (doing) sth.
使自己习惯于(做)某事
He quickly got_accustomed_to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.(2017·广东高考基础写作)
他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
He accustomed himself to the new job as soon as possible.
他使自己尽可能快地习惯于新的工作。
[名师指津] 短语be/become/get accustomed to中的to是介词，其后需要跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。
2．acknowledge v．承认；认为；告知收到(信件、礼物等)；感谢
[高考佳句] It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. (2017·福建高考单选)
人们普遍认为应该依据学生的整体素质来对其进行评价。
(1)acknowledge sth./that ...承认……
acknowledge doing ...
承认做过……
acknowledge ...as/to be
认为……是(常用被动形式)
It is widely/universally acknowledged that ...
……是大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n.
承认；感谢
As we all know, Lang Lang is_acknowledged_as/to_be one of the greatest pianists.
众所周知，郎朗被认为是最杰出的钢琴家之一。
The boy acknowledged seeing (see) her money, but he said he didn't steal it.
那个小男孩承认见过她的钱，但是他说他并没有偷。
3．accuse v．指责；控告
[教材原句] He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge his loss.
他指责达斯·韦德杀死了自己的父亲，因此把自己训练成为一名杰迪武士并发誓要为自己的损失报仇。
(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth.＝charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指责/控告某人(做)某事
accuse sb. for sth.
为某事指责某人
accuse sb. as ...
控告/指责某人为……
(2)the accused
被告
①The woman accused (accuse) of stealing 1.2 million dollars was trying to find herself a lawyer.
被指控偷窃120万美元的妇女想给自己找个律师。
②The accused was accused as a murderer, but the judge found him innocent.
那个被告被指控为谋杀犯，但是法官发现他是无罪的。
[联想发散] 动词accuse可构成accuse sb. of sth. 结构，我们学过的类似的动词短语还有：
①remind sb. of sth.醒某人某事
②rob sb. of sth.
劫某人某物
③rid sb. of sth.
某人摆脱某物
④inform sb. of sth.
知某人某事
⑤cure sb. of sth.
愈某人的某种疾病
⑥suspect sb. of sth.
疑某人做某事
⑦warn sb. of sth.
告某人某事
⑧convince sb. of sth.
某人相信某事
4．consult v．商量，磋商；咨询；请教；查阅；顾及
[高考佳句] To work out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.(2017·陕西高考单选)
为了解出这道数学难题，我已经向拉塞尔教授请教了好几次了。
consult sb. about sth.向某人请教/咨询某事
consult with sb. about sth.
与某人商量/磋商某事
consult a dictionary/a map
查阅字典/查看地图
consult a doctor
向医生求诊
①The director consulted with some famous representatives of audience about the Spring Festival Gala of 2016.
导演与一些知名观众代表就2016年的春晚进行了磋商。
②He often goes to my office to consult_me_about the method of learning English.
他经常去我的办公室向我咨询学习英语的方法。
[联想发散] 我们学过的关于“查字典”的表达法有哪些？
consult_a_dictionary,_refer_to_a_dictionary,_look_up_...in_a_dictionary等。
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．I observed him trying (try) to force the lock of the door open when I passed by, so I called the police.
2．He acknowledges that when he's tired he gets bad tempered.
3．Whenever I recall this funny story, I can't help bursting out laughing (laugh)．
4．Assuming (assume) that the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money?
5．The driver witnessed to having_seen (see) the man enter the building.
6．Accustomed (accustom) to living in the countryside, Mr. King found it hard to live in the city.
7．Ken and Mary came, the latter wearing a red dress.
8．To our relief, his illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.
9．The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, depending (depend) on your different answers.
10．The dog had such devotion to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．accuse一扫清
介词填空
①He was charged with cheating in the examination. That is, he was accused of cheating in the examination.
②This young man standing over there was accused as a thief.
③Man often accuses nature for his own misfortune.
2．consult点点练
(1)介词填空
①He consulted with his business partner about the matter.
②Kevin consulted his teacher about whether he should study abroad after graduation.
(2)一句多译
当遇到生词时，我们应该查词典。
③When meeting with new words, we should consult the dictionary.
④When meeting with new words, we should refer_to the dictionary.
⑤When meeting with new words, we should look_them up in the dictionary.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出动词acknowledge的词义
(A)承认(B)认为
(C)告知收到(信件、礼物等)
(D)感谢
1．His contribution to the country was never officially acknowledged, which made all of us feel discouraged.__A__
2．The candidate waved his hands to acknowledge the cheers of the crowd.__D__
3．The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.__C__
4．Kobe is acknowledged as the best basketball player of the year.__B__
1．make it成功；及时到达；能参加
[高考佳句] It was a real race against time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ单选)
为了完成这个项目，我们简直是在和时间赛跑啊。幸运的是，我们做到了。
make it to 按时到达，能够出席或参加
make it＋时间
定在某个时间
make it through ...
挺过……，熬过……
make it big
大获成功
make it up with sb.
与某人和解
①Sarah made_it_to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ单选)
莎拉赶到了机场，正好及时赶上了今天早上的飞机。
②Let's make_it 8：00 am if you want to go to the park with me.
如果你想和我去公园的话，让我们把时间定在上午8点吧。
③I don't have enough money to make_it_through the week.
我的钱不足以撑过这个星期。
2．Incredible_as_it_may_seem,_both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption ...
尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼所看到的证据都必然会让我们做出这个设想……
incredible as it may seem相当于although/though it may seem incredible。 as“尽管，虽然”引导让步状语从句，此时常将表语、状语或部分谓语提到句首，构成部分倒装，常见形式有：
(1)单数可数名词＋as＋主语＋be＋其他成分
①Child_as_he_is,_he has to make a living.
虽然他是个孩子，但他得谋生。
(2)形容词＋as＋主语＋be＋其他成分
②Cheap_as this mobile phone is, many people refuse to buy it because it's out of date.
虽然这部手机很便宜，但因为过时了，很多人不愿意买它。
(3)副词＋as＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分
③Hard_as_he_studies,_he often fails in the exams.
尽管学习很刻苦，但他经常考试不及格。
(4)动词原形＋as＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分
④Try_as_he_might,_he couldn't solve the problem.
尽管他想方设法，却未能解决这个问题。
[名师指津]
(1)作表语的名词提到as之前，名词前不能加冠词。
⑤Teacher_as_he_is,_he can't know everything.
虽然他是老师，但也不可能什么都懂。
(2)though引导的让步状语从句可用倒装语序，也可用正常语序，但是although引导的让步状语从句不倒装。
⑥Though/Although she gave no sign, I was sure she had seen me.
尽管她没有示意，我还是确信她看见我了。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
②The government has taken a series of measures to stop house prices from rising sharply.
③Studying a foreign language is always hard at the very beginning, but I'll get over it.
④Unlikely as it might seem, I'm tired too.
⑤As we know, with the development of economy, the number of cars is increasing very rapidly, thus resulting (result) in some social problems.
⑥If you want to make it big, you must work toward your goals every day.
⑦The new government must set out to_find (find) solutions to the country's economic problems.
⑧We want to know whether the drug has an impact on people's health.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
①At_the_very_beginning_of (在……一开始的时候) this term, Li Ming came to our class and we became good friends. He had just returned from London. He told me that he ②was_not_accustomed_to (不习惯) the life in London at first. ③In_spite_of_the_fact_that (尽管) he couldn't speak English well, he had quite a pleasant time in London later. After taking ④a_series_of (一系列的) lessons, he could ⑤set_out (陈述)
his ideas in simple and wonderful English.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
make it全扫描
写出下列句中make it的含义
①I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it at last.成功
②The train leaves in five minutes — we'll never make it.及时到达
③Let's make it 8：30. Is that all right for you？定时间
[课堂练基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Accustomed (accustom) to climbing the steep mountain, he had no difficulty reaching the top.
2．It is widely acknowledged that Lin Dan is one of the best badminton players in China at present.
3．This company was accused of using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the weightloss pills.
4．Why not consult with Frank? You see, two heads are better than one.
5．Devoted (devote) to his teaching work all the time, and finding that he was really exhausted, the teacher decided to have a good rest.
6．Having shown you around our school, we will introduce our most advanced (advance) science lab to you.
7．Compared with his handwriting, I found his was no better (good) than mine.
8．It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
9．As soon as he opened the mouth, everyone burst out laughing (laugh)．
10．The reason why he came late was that he was caught in a traffic jam.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Since he often travels on business, he can accustom himself to sleep in any place he can find.sleep→sleeping
2．The reason for your mistake is why you lack confidence in yourself.why→that
3．Child although he is, he likes to be treated like an adult. although→as或though
4．Hardly had she gone out than a student came to visit her.than→when_
5．I have no sympathy with Jan, it's all her own fault.with→for
6．The famous doctor is going to set out performing the operation, so please keep calm.out→about
7．Frightening as she was, Pandora cautiously opened the box finally.Frightening→Frightened
8．There is still some doubt that the system will work even though all the factors have been considered.that→whether
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Although (however/because/although) I stay here very long, I am_still_not_accustomed_to (还不习惯) the life here. So far I have_been_accused_of (被指控) breaking the traffic rules 4 times. I admit I made such a wrong choice of coming here. If I had a chance again, I would make a different choice. To my relief, my friends often come to see me. In_spite_of (尽管)some happiest days, I still want to go back to my hometown. ①It can be hardly possible for me to do so. So I must try my best to be patient and become used to the life here. I think I can succeed.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分
(1)admit→acknowledge
(2)If→Assuming_(that)
(3)succeed→make_it
2．用部分倒装改写句①
Hardly_can_it_be_possible_for_me_to_do_so.
[课下练高考]
“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2016·太原二模)Washington: NASA has announced evidence that Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede, has a saltwater ocean under its icy surface. The ocean seems to have more water than all the water on Earth's surface, according to new Hubble observations.
New Hubble observations of Ganymede's magnetic field strongly suggest that the moon, which is the largest in our whole solar system, is home to a subsurface ocean.
Scientists estimate that the oceanis 95 kilometres thick, which is about 10 times deeper than Earth's oceans. But unlike our salty waters, Ganymede's ocean is buried under 150 kilometres of ice.
While scientists have speculated (推测) since the 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymede — the largest moon in our solar system — until now the only observational evidence came from a brief flyby by the Galileo spacecraft, which didn't observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.
This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish. In its 25 years in orbit, Hubble has made many scientific discoveries in our own solar system. A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.
Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europa,_another moon orbiting Jupiter, and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.
Hubble is a telescope that orbits Earth, but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant planets. Using these same principles, scientists could theoretically detect oceans on distant exoplanets as well.
语篇解读：本文是一篇资讯报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星Ganymede上有海洋，这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野，使探寻太阳系内地球以外的生命的努力更进了一步。
1.What can we learn about Ganymede from the passage?
A．It is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.
B．Its ocean adds to people's excitement about life beyond Earth.
C．It will be used by NASA as a base for the Hubble telescope.
D．Its liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.”可知，木星卫星Ganymede上海洋的存在激发了人们探索地球以外的生命的热情。故选B项。
2．Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude towards Hubble?
A．Cautious.
B．Doubtful.
C．Negative.
D．Favourable.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，这次具有里程碑意义的发现只有哈勃望远镜能够完成。由此可推知，作者对哈勃望远镜持支持态度。故选D项。
3．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．An underground ocean has been found in Europa.
B．The presence of an underground ocean in Europa is not possible.
C．It is now certain that there is an ocean on Europa.
D．No evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europa.
解析：选C 句意猜测题。根据第六段中的“and NASA has announced plans to send ... with liquid water”可知，因为Europa上有水存在，NASA才宣布要在Europa上搜寻地外生命；由此可推知，画线句意为：科学家们已经证实Europa上存在海洋。故选C项。
4．What type of writing does this passage belong to?
A．A term essay.
B．A news report.
C．An experiment report.
D．An exploration review.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington: NASA has announced evidence ...”及文章内容可推知，本文为一篇资讯报道。故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2016·唐山市高三一模)It's normal to wake briefly during the night. __1__ But if you're waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep, the following tips may help.
Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep, so remain in bed in a relaxed position. Hard as it may be, try not to stress over the fact that you're awake, because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake. __2__
__3__ If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep, try a relaxation technique such as visualization (想象) or deep breathing, which can be done without even getting out of bed. Remind yourself that although they're not a replacement for sleep, rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.
Do a quiet, nonstimulating activity. If you've been awake for more than 15 minutes, try getting out of bed and doing a quiet, nonstimulating activity, such as reading a book. Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up. __4__ A light snack might relax you, but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.
__5__ If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something, make a brief note of it on paper and delay worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to resolve.
A．Make relaxation your goal, not sleep.
B．Put off worries and troubles.
C．Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.
D．In fact, a good sleeper won't even remember it.
E．Also avoid screens of any kind — computers, TVs, cellphones or iPads.
F．You'll be much more productive and creative after a good night's rest.
G．A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling of your body.
答案：1～5 DGAEB
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2016·太原市高三第二学段测评)Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage. The meaning of unknown words which you __1__ in your reading sometimes can be known by their __2__， that is, their contexts. The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (词性) of the __3__ word. Using the context of the paragraph to define unknown words can also be __4__.
Readers often have trouble because they understand the sentence word by word instead the __5__ meaning of a word, when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.
One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown word's part of speech. The words around the unknown word can give you __6__. Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective, it is often enough for you to __7__ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word. After coming across the word a few more times, you will know its meaning more __8__ than if you had just looked it up.
Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are __9__. A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have __10__. The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made.
__11__ clues tell you an example of an unknown word. Example clues are usually __12__ by the following words and phrases: such as, for example, and like.
To find meaning from textbased clues, you should look for clues in the sentence. A second kind of clue does not __13__on specific words to indicate meaning. This
kind of context clue is called a frameworkbased clue. Your
knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words __14__ you discover the meaning of a word or sentence. Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help defining unknown words. For example, the angry driver shouted vehemently during his fight with the other driver. What does “vehemently”__16__？ You know what __17__ means, and you know how people __18__ when they argue. From this, you can __19__ out
that “vehemently” has something to do with strong __20__ or intense feeling.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种在阅读过程中学习生词的方法和技巧。
1.A.take down
B．look up
C．come across
D．pick out
解析：选C 有时候你在阅读中所遇到的生词的意思可以通过语境知道其含义。take down“记下”；look up“查阅”；come across“遇见”；pick out“找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few more times”也是提示，故C项正确。
2．A.sentences
B．words
C．topics
D．surroundings
解析：选D 根据“that is”可知，此空与contexts是同义词，与下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words”呼应，故D项正确。
3．A.unknown
B．abnormal
C．familiar
D．negative
解析：选A 句子的语境可以告诉我们生词的词性。与上文中的“unknown words”呼应可知，此处是指生词，故A项正确。abnormal“不正常的”；familiar“熟悉的”；negative“负面的”。
4．A.unique
B．natural
C．helpful
D．common
解析：选C 利用段落的语境来确定生词也是有帮助的。与下文中的“Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help defining unknown words.”呼应，故C项正确。
5．A.correct
B．inconvenient
C．different
D．satisfactory
解析：选A 读者经常遇到麻烦，因为他们逐字理解句子而不是(理解)一个词的正确意思。根据空格前的“Readers often have trouble”可推知，读者没有理解一个词的正确意思，即A项正确。
6．A.cases
B．reasons
C．effects
D．clues
解析：选D 生词周围的词可以给你(提供)线索。与下文中的“Comparison clues”呼应，故D项正确。
7．A.translate
B．interview
C．continue
D．examine
解析：选C 一旦你知道了这个词是名词还是形容词，那么你就可以不必停下来去查这个词的意思而继续读下去。根据空格后的“without having to stop”可知，此处应用continue“继续”，故C项正确。
8．A.strangely
B．uncertainly
C．potentially
D．firmly
解析：选D strangely“奇怪地”；uncertainly“犹豫地”；potentially“潜在地”；firmly“坚定地”。根据空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知，在生词出现的频率较高的情况下，根据语境，读者就可以更加确定其具体的含义，故D项正确。
9．A.alike
B．meaningful
C．proper
D．great
解析：选A 比较性线索表明两个或多个事物是相似的。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，此处表示事物的相似性，故A项正确。
10．A.properties
B．similarities
C．possibilities
D．personalities
解析：选B 之所以可能作比较是因为认识的词和不认识的词之间有相似性。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，similarity“相似性”，符合语境。
11．A.Popularity
B．Consideration
C．Example
D．Comparison
解析：选C 例子线索会通过举例来提示读者。与空格后的“an example”和“Example clues”呼应，故C项正确。
12．A.affected
B．adjusted
C．changed
D．introduced
解析：选D 例子线索通常通过以下词或短语来提出。affect“影响”；adjust“调整”；change“改变”；introduce“提出”。故D项正确。
13．A.focus
B．spend
C．carry
D．rely
解析：选D 另一种线索并不是靠具体的词来表明(生词的)意思的。与上文“textbased clues”形成对比，这种线索不是依赖上下文而得出词义的，故D项正确。rely on“依赖”，符合语境。
14．A.prevents
B．helps
C．tells
D．displays
解析：选B 你对附近的词的意思的理解有助于你了解一个词或一个句子的意思。故B项正确。
15．A.point
B．taste
C．awareness
D．sense
解析：选D 常识和对词性的了解也有助于(读者)给生词下定义。固定搭配：common sense意为“常识”，符合语境，故D项正确。
16．A.mean
B．use
C．contain
D．complete
解析：选A “vehemently”是什么意思呢？与下文中的“You know what __17__ means”形成呼应，故A项正确。
17．A.angry
B．grateful
C．happy
D．anxious
解析：选A 你知道angry是什么意思，而且你(也)知道人们在争辩时的感受。与上文中的“the angry driver”呼应，故A项正确。
18．A.act
B．say
C．feel
D．think
解析：选C 根据上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people __18__ when they argue”可推知，C项正确。
19．A.come
B．figure
C．take
D．set
解析：选B 由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”与强烈的情感或紧张的情绪有关。come out“出现；出版”；figure out“弄明白”；take out“切除”；set out“出发”。
20．A.demand
B．ambition
C．attitude
D．emotion
解析：选D demand“要求”；ambition“野心”；attitude“态度”；emotion“情感”。与语境“or intense feeling”呼应可知，此处表示情感，故D项正确。
Module 6 The Tang Poems
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.anniversary n．周年纪念日
2.reveal v.
揭示，揭露，显露
3.glance v.
一瞥，迅速看一眼
4.prove v．证明是；被发现是→proof n．证据
5.approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意
6.caution v．警告；劝……小心→cautious adj.小心谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心谨慎地
7.donate v．提供；捐→donation n．捐献
8.decorate v．装点；美化→decoration n．装饰；美化→decorative adj.装饰的，用于美化的
9.imagination n．想象；空想→imagine vt.想象→imaginative adj.富有想象力的→imaginable adj.可想象到的→imaginary adj.想象的，虚构的
10.typically adv.典型地，有代表性地；向来，一向→typical adj.典型的
11.reflect v．反映，显示；表达→reflection n．反映；反射；映像，反映物
12.expansion n．扩张→expand v．扩大，扩张，膨胀
13.tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n．宽容，忍耐→tolerate v．容忍；宽容；忍受
14.failure n．失败者；失败→fail v．失败
15.suffering(s) n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；苦难→suffer v．遭受(痛苦)；蒙受
16.appeal n．魅力，吸引力v.恳求，呼吁；吸引→appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.He failed again, but his repeated failure never discouraged him. He never admitted he was a failure.(fail)
2.He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously.(caution)
3.On hearing the brave girl's disease, local people lined up to donate blood for her, and their donation has saved her life.(donate)
4.The students usually decorate their classroom with paper flowers and balloons. But this year they intend to buy some decorative lights and special decorations. (decorate)
5.All the readers can't imagine how he can be so imaginative and write so many imaginary stories. We are all amazed at his rich imagination.(imagination)
6. I know we should learn to be tolerant of others but I really can't tolerate his bad manners any longer.(tolerant)
7.They all agreed to expand the new company, but the expansion will cost them a lot of money.(expand)
8.It is an appealing painting which has appealed to many people.(appeal) 1.由expand想到的
①extend vt.延伸；扩大
②spread vi.
传播；伸展
③enlarge vt.
扩大；扩展
④stretch vt.
伸展；张开
⑤broaden vi.
扩大，变阔
2.ary结尾名词全扫描
①vocabulary
词汇；词汇表
②boundary
边界；范围
③anniversary
周年纪念日
④secretary
秘书
⑤summary
概要，摘要
3.reveal近/反义词集锦
①mask vt.
掩饰；戴面具
②uncover v.
发现；揭开
③discover v.
发现
④expose vt.
揭发；使曝光
⑤hide v.
隐藏
4.盘点ings结尾名词
①sufferings
痛苦
savings
积蓄
belongings
所有物
findings
调查
greetings
问候的话
5.系动词大集合
表状态：be (am, is, are, was, were)
表持续：keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand
表似乎：seem, appear
表变化：become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run
表终止：prove, turn out
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.think_of_...as_... 把……看作……
2.take_hold_of
抓住
3.in_return
作为回报
4.all_at_once
突然
5.on_second_thoughts
经重新考虑之后
6.deal_with
处理，对付
7.approve_of
赞成，同意；满意
8.take_on
呈现出
9.correspond_with
与……通信；和……相一致
10.cater_for
满足……的要求
11.glance_at
瞥见，迅速看一眼
12.learn_...by_heart
记住
选用左栏短语填空
1.It is known to us all that the America's national emblem takes_on many different meanings.
2.Ted has made up his mind to give it up, but on_second_thoughts he determined to try a third time.
3.Big companies in Germany generally approve_of the euro, while small manufacturers are nervous.
4.I used to correspond_with him regularly for three years, but later I lost touch with him. 1.“处理”短语面面观
deal with 处理，对付
do with
利用，处理
cope with
处理，应付
2.“v.＋at”短语多棱镜
glance at
瞥见
stare at
凝视
glare at
怒视
aim at
瞄准……
laugh at
嘲笑
shout at
对……大喊
come at
向……袭击
knock at
敲门、窗等
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.As he was not so successful as some of the other young men of his time in the Civil Service Examination to become a government official ...
由于他当时没有像其他年轻人一样在科举考试中取得成功…… as/so ...as ...“和……一样的”。 如果你再放松一些，你可以跳的和老师一样好。
If you are more relaxed, you can dance as_well_as the teacher.
2.It is said that he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to take hold of the reflection of the Moon.
据说他在试图捉月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水而亡。 while trying 是 while he was trying的省略。 教授给我们做演讲的时候，突然间晕倒了。
While_giving_us_a_speech,_ the professor fainted all of a sudden.
3.If only people could see me inside.
要是人们能看到我的内心世界就好了。 if only常引导虚拟语气的条件句、感叹句，意为“但愿，要是……就好了”。 看看我们现在所处的困境。要是我们采纳了老师的建议就好了。
Look at the trouble we're in. If_only_we_had_taken our teacher's advice.
1．prove linkv.证明是，结果是vt.证明，证实
[高考佳句] I don't believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to convince me.(2017·江西高考单选)
我不相信你所说的，但是如果你能证明，你也许能够说服我。
(1)prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事
prove oneself (to be) ...
证明自己是
prove (to be)＋n./adj.
原来是，证明是
It is proved that ...
据证明……，据证实……
(2)proof n.
证据；证明
There's (no) proof that ...
(没)有证据证明……
The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.
困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。
The boy tried to prove himself to_be (be) a good student and he really proved best.
这个男孩努力证明自己是一个好学生，他确实被证明是很棒的。
[名师指津] 当prove作为系动词表示“证明是，结果是……”时，无被动语态，要用主动形式表示被动意义。
2．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准
[高考佳句] People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often arbitrary rather than based on fixed criteria.(2017·湖北高考多选)
人们抱怨说，同意颁发许可证或拒绝授予许可证的决定通常都是任意性的(行为)，而不是基于固定的标准。
(1)approve of sth./doing sth.赞成某事，同意做某事
approve of sb. doing sth.
同意某人做某事
(2)approval n.
赞成；同意
meet with sb.'s approval
得到某人的批准
win/earn sb.'s approval
取得某人的同意/赞成
with/without approval of
经/未经……的批准
I approve_of_your_trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我赞成你设法赚些钱，但请不要荒废学业。
By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval (approve)．
他在学校表现不错，希望以此得到父母的赞许。
3．reflect
v．反映，表现；反射；思考，反省
[高考佳句] The above sentence reflects a trend that nowadays teenagers care more about their phones instead of friends.(2017·重庆高考满分作文)
上面的句子反映出了当下的一种趋势，那就是现在的年轻人更多地关注的是他们的手机而不是他们的朋友。
(1)reflect on/upon 仔细考虑/沉思/反省……
be reflected in
被映照在……中；被反映在……
(2)reflection n.
反映，表现；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection
经过考虑后(改变看法)
a reflection of
……的反映
Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting_on how you learn. (2017·浙江高考单选)
作为学生，如果你养成了对你如何学习进行思考的习惯，你的表现会很棒的。
Susan's strong love for her country is_reflected_in her recently published poems.
苏珊强烈的爱国热情反映在她最近出版的诗歌之中。
4．caution
n．谨慎，小心，警告vt.
[经典例句] As a first offender, she got off with a caution.(牛津P304)
她由于是初犯，被从轻发落，只受到了警告。
(1)caution sb.not to do sth./against (doing) sth.
警告某人不要(做)某事
caution sb. about/that ...
警告某人……
with caution
小心地，谨慎地
(2)cautious adj.
小心的，谨慎的
be cautious about/of ...
对……很小心
(3)cautiously adv.
小心地，谨慎地
We are advised to be cautious about/of making friends on the Internet.
我们被建议在网上交朋友要小心谨慎。
The nurse was told that the patient needed to be treated with_caution/cautiously.
护士被告知这个病人需要谨慎地对待。
Sam cautioned him against making/not_to_make a hasty decision.
萨姆告诫他不要草率作出决定。
.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．I can't imagine lying (lie) like that. I would go crazy.
2．If most breadwinners donate a day's pay to the Project Hope, then it will be hopeful.
3．They spent a whole day decorating (decorate) the meeting room in order to welcome the new principal's coming.
4．Nowadays it is typical of a young generation to take it for granted that parents should give them whatever they desire.
5．The little child was so shy that he glanced at me when I called him.
6．It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering (suffer) they went through in the war.
7．I cautioned the children that the river was dangerous to swim in.
8．There are some pieces of information that I'd like to share with you.
.重难点多练
1．prove面面观
(1)完成句子
①It_is_proved_that (据证实) the baby play mat (游戏毯) is one of the best toys we've ever bought.
②We believe that this will prove_to_be_beneficial (被证明是有益的)．
③Just give me a chance and I will prove_it_to_you (向你证明这件事)．
(2)句型转换
④They hope this new evidence will prove his innocence.
→They hope this new evidence will prove him innocent.
→They hope this new evidence will prove he is innocent.
2．approve点点练
(1)介词填空
①I don't really approve of children wearing makeup.
②Our suggestions for change have met with his approval.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
Everyone had ③approved_of (同意) the plan of building a park in the rural area, so we referred it to the committee to ④meet_with_its_approval (得到它的批准). One month later, we began to build the park ⑤with_approval_of (经……的批准) the government.
3．reflect多棱镜
介、副词填空
①You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures.
②Your choice of clothes is a reflection of your personality.
③The trees on the shore line were reflected in the clear water.
④On/Upon reflection, I saw that she might be right, after all.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出part的词性和词义
(A)v.分手，分别 (B)v.(使)分离，(使)分开
(C)n.部分
(D)n.零件，部件
(E)n.角色
1．When you part from your friend, don't be too sad.__A__
2．The sunlight flooded the room when he parted the curtains.__B__
3．I have glued it back together, but this part won't fit properly.__D__
4．He is popular with the audience and always plays leading parts in famous films.__E__
5．Having come back late, I only saw the first part of the programme.__C__
1．cater for满足……的要求；顾及；为……提供所需
[教材原句] It catered for all tastes and included living and dead poems from the homeland and from all over the Englishspeaking world ...
它顾及了不同的口味，包括人们经常读的和不经常读的诗，有英国的，还有来自整个英语世界的……
cater for sb.为某人提供服务，满足某人要求
cater for a party/wedding/meeting, etc.
为聚会/婚礼/会议等筹办酒席/提供服务
cater to
迎合，投合
①He runs a restaurant and also caters_for weddings and parties.
他经营饭店，还承办婚礼和宴会酒席。
②Varieties of programmes in the TV station cater_to/for many different types of interests and tastes among the public.
电视台里各种各样的节目迎合了民众的多种不同兴趣和喜好。
2．correspond with和……通信；与……相一致；相符合
[高考佳句] I would also like to correspond with colleagues all over the world with the same hobbies as mine.(2017·广东高考信息匹配)
我也很想和那些和我一样有着共同爱好的来自世界各地的同仁保持通信往来。
(1)correspond v． 相一致；通信；类似
correspond to
相当于；相一致，符合
(2)correspondence n.
通信，一致，符合
in correspondence with
与……一致；与……有通信联系
The goods do not correspond_to the samples you sent me.
这批货和你送来的样品不一样。
My father has been in_correspondence_with old comrades in arms.
我爸爸一直和老战友保持通信联系。
3．If_only people could see me inside.
要是人们能看到我的内心世界就好了。
(1)if only“要是……就好了，但愿”，常用来表示强烈的愿望和遗憾，它引导的句子要用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时；表示与将来事实相反用“could/would＋动词原形”；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
①If only she would_listen to me carefully.
但愿她能仔细听我讲话。
②If only I were (be) slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever, then I would be happier.
假如我更苗条一些、更漂亮一些、更富有一些、更聪明一些，那我就会更加高兴了。
③It's too bad that I failed in the math exam. If only I had worked (work) hard at it!
我数学考试不及格真是太糟糕了，要是我之前努力学习就好了。
(2)only if表示“只有，只要”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气；若其引导的从句置于句首，且与主句之间没用逗号隔开，则主句要用倒装。
④In a word, only if you learn English by using it can_you_learn it well.
总之，只有通过使用英语的方法学英语，你才能学好它。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①While walking (walk) down a dark street one evening, I heard screams coming from behind the bushes.
②To deal with the global financial crisis, our country has worked out a string of forceful measures over the past months.
③As many as 150 miners died in the accident. If only the mine owners had_paid (pay) enough attention to the safety measures!
④He glanced at the clock and found it was time to pick up his son from school.
⑤Some exercises appear to be the ones you have done, but on second thoughts, you'll find that they're different.
⑥There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that I'll take on the burden.
⑦He took hold of her wrists so she couldn't get away.
⑧If you give me your photo, I'll give you mine in return.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
I ①glanced_at (瞥一眼) the problem quickly, but it was very difficult. I had been puzzled over the problem for over an hour without any result, when ②all_at_once (突然) a solution flashed across my mind. ③On_second_thoughts (重新考虑后), I had the answer. My answer ④corresponded_with (与……相一致) the suggested answer. My deskmate also ⑤approved_of (赞成) my answer to the problem.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．cater相关短语全扫描
(1)完成句子
①A good film should cater_to/for (迎合) public taste.
②The store stays open to midnight to_cater_for (为满足……的需求) latenight shoppers.
(2)翻译句子并进行句式升级
③为了满足人们的需求，去年我们开设了一家健身房并制定了一些健身计划。
Last_year,_to_cater_for_people,_we_opened_a_gym_and_made_some_workout_plans.
④这些健身计划能迎合不同顾客的需求。
The_workout_plans_could_cater_to_different_customers'_needs._
⑤用定语从句连接③、④
Last year, to cater for people, we opened a gym and made some workout plans, which could cater to different customers' needs.
2．correspond相关短语万花筒
(1)介词填空
①Have you been corresponding with him since you graduated from the university?
②The broad lines on the map correspond to roads.
(2)句型转换
③Your account and hers do not correspond.
→Your account doesn't correspond with hers.
[课堂练基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve)．
2．Usually a child's behavior is a reflection of his family environment.
3．Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost none of her enthusiasm for life.
4．A live program on TV is calling on people to donate money or some other things to the street people.
5．Before traveling in space, you must know what it might feel like to travel in an imaginary (imagine) environment.
6．The dean cautioned him against being late this morning.
7．We've corresponded with each other for years but I've never actually met him.
8．If only I had_listened (listen) to my English teacher's advice! I felt very regretful.
9．While watching (watch) television, we heard the doorbell ring.
10．It was in the business meeting that I made the acquaintance of Mr. Black.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Reflected on his past mistakes, Ted realized that he had stayed around the wrong people.Reflected→Reflecting
2．If only I got up a little earlier this morning! I missed the bus by only a minute.got前加had
3．The promotion was proved to be a turning point in his career.去掉was
4．I'll wait here. No, at second thoughts, I'll go with you.at→on
5．To his parents' disappointment, he was failure as a teacher.was后加a
6．The boy is addicted to play computer games, which has a bad influence on his study.play→playing
7．—Can I smoke in this hall?
—No, you can't. If you can, please go to the smoking room.第二个can→must
8．—Where are you going for your holidays?
—I haven't decided yet. I should go to England.should→may或might
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Corresponding_with (与……通信) you let me know more about you. On_reflection (经过思考), I approved_of (赞同) you(r) attending evening classes satisfying students of different levels. It_is_proved_that (据证明) you are active in study. I believe you will not be
so_negative_a_failure_as_ever(像以前那样消极的失败者) and will make_progress (取得进步) soon.
①If you had realized the importance ofupdating_knowledge (更新知识)
earlier, it would be better. However (besides/so/however), to my relief, you have realized it. Seize the opportunity, study hard and you will become a very important person.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分
(1)satisfying→catering_for
(2)Seize→Take_hold_of
2．用 If only句型改写句
If_only_you_had_realized_the_importance_of_updating_knowledge_earlier,_it_would_be_better.
[课下练高考]
一第卷强化增分练——练规范
(限时：45分钟)
.语法填空
(2016·山西省考前质检)
Dear friends，
Water is essential for life. Yet millions of people around the world face water shortages. Millions of children die every year from waterborne __1__ (disease). And drought regularly causes suffering in some of the world's poorest countries. The world needs to respond much better. We need to increase water efficiency, __2__ (especial) in agriculture. We need to free women and girls __3__ the daily chores of __4__ (carry) water, often over great distances. We must involve them in decisionmaking on water management. We need to make sanitation a priority. This is where progress is lagging (落后) most. And we must show that water resources need not be a source of conflict. Instead, they can be a catalyst (催化剂) for cooperation. Significant gains have been made. But still a major effort __5__ (require). That is why this year __6__ (mark) the beginning of the “Water for Life Decade”. Our goal is __7__ (meet) the internationally agreed targets for water and sanitation by 2015, __8__ to build the foundation for further progress in the years beyond.
This is __9__ urgent matter of human development, and human dignity. Together, we can provide safe, clean water to all the world's people. The world's water resources are our lifeline for __10__ (survive), and for continuous improvement in the 21st century. Together, we must manage them better.
语篇解读：本文是一篇倡议书。水对于生命来说是必不可少的。每年有许多儿童死于由水传播的疾病，如何让整个人类和谐共享优质的水，作者给出了建议并发出了号召。
1．disease(s) disease既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，故此处应填disease或diseases。
2．especially 此处修饰空后的介词短语，因此应该用副词形式。
3．from 根据固定搭配free sb. from ... “使某人摆脱……”可知，此处应填介词from。
4．carrying 介词后面应该用动名词，所以填carrying。
5．is required 根据整篇文章的时态及still的提示可知，此处应用一般现在时；由于句子的主语与require之间在逻辑上是动宾关系，主语为“a major effort”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态is required。
6．marks 根据本句中的is可知，此处应用一般现在时；由于主语是this year，为单数，因此应填marks。
7．to meet 此处与68空后的不定式是并列关系，都作is的表语，因此此处应填不定式to meet。
8．and 此处应用and连接两个并列的非谓语动词。
9．an 这是人类发展与人类尊严的一件紧迫之事。此处表示泛指“一件”，且urgent的发音以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。
10．survival 世界水资源是我们生存的生命线。介词for后面应用提示词的名词形式作其宾语。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2016·银川一中第一次模拟)With the development of people's living condition, more and more people possess their own cars. Some of us think it is good to own a car. For instance, it's convenient, fast and comfortable means of transportation. Moreover, it shows that people are becoming richer and the country is much more stronger. It also made relative businesses and industries develop faster.
However, others have different opinions, thinking that cars give up waste gases and pollute the environment around. Too much cars will have some bad effects, such as more accidents and crowdedness. Besides, lack parking lots is another big problem.
As far as I'm concerned, we ought to think careful before buying cars. As if we have cars, we may use it less.
答案：第一句：condition→conditions
第三句：convenient前加a
第四句：去掉more
第五句：made→makes
第六句：up→off
第七句：much→many
第八句：lack→lacking
第九句：careful→carefully
第十句：As→Even; it→them
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2016·兰州高三诊断)假设你是新华中学的学生李华，想邀请来兰州参加淘宝网甘肃馆开馆一周年庆祝活动的阿里巴巴首席执行官马云来你校做一次成人礼的演讲，请你给马云写一封邀请信。内容包括：
1．说明写信的目的；
2．说明演讲的具体安排——时间：4月28日；地点：学校礼堂；主题：怎样通过个人奋斗实现人生理想；
3．表达感谢与祝福。
注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．参考词汇：成人礼演讲adult ceremony speech。
Dear Ma Yun, CEO of Alibaba，
My name is Li Hua. I'm a Senior 3 student from Xinhua Middle School.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Ma Yun, CEO of Alibaba，
My name is Li Hua. I'm a Senior 3 student from Xinhua Middle School. May I have the honor to invite you to give us an adult ceremony speech on behalf of all the teachers and students of our school? The speech is scheduled to be given on April 28 at the school hall, the theme of which will be how to realize our dreams through personal efforts. We are eager to hear you talk about your own experiences and unique views.
I sincerely hope you can take your time from your busy schedule, and I would appreciate it very much if you can come. Thank you in advance and wish you all the best.
I am looking forward to receiving your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
练（二英语知识运用组合练——练准度
(限时：30分钟)
.完形填空
(2016·太原市第二学段测评)Eyes are a kind of language we use to express ourselves. Through one's eyes, we can __1__ sorrow, happiness or encouragement and many other __2__. Eyes are always one of the fastest and most direct organs to __3__ our thoughts.
I still remember an __4__ experience, which happened when I took part in a singing contest at the age of nine. It was the __5__ of my mother's eyes that encouraged me to go for it. I had showed great __6__ in singing before that. But I was too shy to sing in __7__. So one day my mother took me to __8__ up for the singing contest. With my mother's __9__ and encouragement, I was determined to meet that __10__. Standing on the stage, I suddenly found I became the __11__ of all the eyes. I got so nervous that I couldn't even __12__ my eyes open. When it was my turn to be introduced to the audience and sing, I became even more __13__. I felt my legs were shaking and my memory seemed __14__， as I couldn't remember anything. Searching for help, I __15__ my mother's eyes which were sparkling with encouragement and strong power. It seemed that they were __16__ to me, “Come on, Baby! Take it easy. I'll __17__ be with you！” I read the message through her eyes and at that moment I __18__ my confidence and began to sing my song. When I came down from the stage, she came up to me and gave me a __19__ hug, saying, “Great! I'm proud of you！” At that time, I found her eyes filled with tears of __20__. Sometimes, you see, just the encouraging eyes themselves can make a shy person brave.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。眼睛是人们表达情感的器官之一。透过眼神，人们可以读懂其中的喜怒哀乐。
1．A.feel
B．read
C．find
D．cause
解析：选B 句意：透过眼神，我们可以读懂(read)其蕴含的悲伤、愉悦或鼓励等多种情绪。故B项正确。
2．A.emotions
B．passions
C．expressions
D．impressions
解析：选A emotion“情绪，情感”。根据本句中的“sorrow, happiness or encouragement and many other”可推知，这里是指像悲伤、愉悦等其他情感。故A项正确。
3．A.rewrite
B．rebuild
C．reveal
D．repeat
解析：选C reveal“揭示，表露”。句意：眼睛总是最快、最直接表露我们思想情感的人体器官之一。故C项正确。
4．A.unbelievable
B．unfair
C．unable
D．unforgettable
解析：选D unforgettable“难以忘怀的”。根据下文可知，9岁时，作者在妈妈的鼓励下，参加了歌唱比赛。这段经历令作者难以忘怀。故D项正确。
5．A.right
B．power
C．sense
D．sight
解析：选B power“功能，力量”。句意：就是母亲眼神所传递的力量鼓舞了我参加歌唱比赛。由15空后的“strong power”也可得到提示。故B项正确。
6．A.interest
B．pride
C．surprise
D．delight
解析：选A interest“兴趣”。根据语境可知，9岁时作者就参加了歌唱比赛，这说明至此以前她擅长唱歌，对唱歌很感兴趣。show interest in ...“对……表现出兴趣”，故A项正确。
7．A.audience
B．school
C．public
D．hall
解析：选C public“公开场合”。由“But”可知，虽然作者对唱歌很感兴趣，但太害羞而不敢在公开场合唱歌。in public“在公开场合下”。故C项正确。
8．A.sing
B．jog
C．join
D．sign
解析：选D sign up for“报名参加……”，符合语境。故D项正确。
9．A.cooperation
B．company
C．comprehension
D．conduct
解析：选B cooperation“合作”；company“陪伴”；comprehension“理解”；conduct“引导，指导”。根据语境可知，在母亲的陪伴和鼓励下，作者参加了歌唱比赛。故B项正确。
10．A.challenge
B．difficulty
C．change
D．discussion
解析：选A challenge“挑战”。根据语境可知，在母亲的陪伴和鼓励下作者参加了歌唱比赛。这意味着她要面对挑战，克服害羞，在公众场合唱歌。故A项正确。
11．A.distance
B．direction
C．focus
D．front
解析：选C focus“焦点，中心”。根据语境可知，站在舞台上，作者发现观众都看着她(多双眼睛聚焦于她)，慌了神。故C项正确。
12．A.have
B．make
C．let
D．keep
解析：选D 根据语境可知，作者站在舞台上，观众都看着她，她慌了，不敢睁开眼睛看。keep“使某物一直保持……状态”，这里是指作者“不敢让眼睛一直睁着”。故D项正确。
13．A.curious
B．nervous
C．serious
D．anxious
解析：选B nervous“紧张的”。根据上文“so nervous”以及“even more”可知，当被介绍要唱歌时，作者感到更加紧张。故B项正确。
14．A.gone
B．brought
C．missed
D．left
解析：选A 根据下文“as I couldn't remember anything”可知，作者双腿打颤，头脑一片空白(失去记忆)。故A项正确。
15．A.turned
B．opened
C．met
D．raised
解析：选C 当作者慌乱无措渴求帮助时，她的眼神与母亲的眼神相遇了。从母亲的眼神中，她获得了鼓励和力量。故C项正确。
16．A.telling
B．passing
C．sending
D．speaking
解析：选D 根据下文“Come on, Baby ... ”可知，母亲的眼睛好像会说话，让作者加油，别紧张。speak to sb.“对某人说话”，符合语境。tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”，tell后接双宾语。故D项正确。
17．A.usually
B．always
C．almost
D．even
解析：选B 母亲的眼神鼓励作者加油，要她别紧张，母亲会一直陪伴其左右。always的频度大于usually，更能突出母亲对作者的关爱。故B项正确。
18．A.regained
B．recited
C．received
D．returned
解析：选A regain“重新获得”。根据语境可知，作者读懂了母亲眼神的意味，因此重新获得了信心和力量，开始唱了起来。故A项正确。
19．A.sudden
B．blank
C．big
D．suitable
解析：选C 根据语境可知，当作者唱完从舞台上走下来时，母亲给了她一个大大的(big)拥抱，这体现了母亲的高兴和自豪。故C项正确。
20．A.encouragement
B．sorrow
C．regret
D．joy
解析：选D joy“高兴”。根据语境可知，作者克服了害羞，成功唱完整首歌。母亲为之高兴、自豪，欣喜的眼泪夺眶而出。故D项正确。
.语法填空
(2016·兰州高三诊断)There is much discussion about the necessity of daily homework for students. Some say homework is necessary since only practice __1__ (make) perfect, while others disagree. In my opinion, daily homework is necessary for students. However, this might be misleading that one may believe all forms of homework __2__(be) necessary. Actually, only proper amount of homework in proper form is __3__ (accept); some homework may not only fail to help the students, but on __4__ contrary bore them so much __5__ they may lose their interest in studying. “Proper” homework,
in
my opinion, should vary in its forms, __6__ might be some extensive reading, a paper, or even just a game, as well as other ordinary exercise. And it should leave enough __7__ (free) to the students so that they could do things they really like to do with selfmotivation, rather than unwillingness. We should always remember that homework is something for us to guide the students, rather than __8__ (drive) them. Only if a teacher __9__ (keep) this __10__ his/her mind, the homework could be of
the most help to the students.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。有必要每天都给学生布置家庭作业吗？作者认为适当形式的适量作业对学生是有好处的，但过犹不及。
1．makes 分析句子结构可知，“make”在从句“since only practice ________ (make) perfect”中作谓语，与从句主语practice之间是主动关系，由此结合主句的时态为一般现在时可知，此处填makes。since在本句中意为“因为”。
2．are 分析句子结构可知，所填词是“believe”后宾语从句的谓语动词，结合主句的时态和从句主语“all forms”可知，应填are。
3．acceptable 根据上句和本句句意可知，此处应表示只有适当形式的适量作业才是可以接受的。由空格前的“is”可知，此处应填形容词acceptable。
4．the on the contrary是固定短语，意为“相反，反而”。故填the。
5．that “so ... that ...”为固定句式结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
6．which 根据空格前后句意思可知，空格处一方面用来连接两个句子，另一方面用来指代上句话的意思，并在其所引导的句子中作主语，属于关系代词的特征，故填which。
7．freedom 根据空格前的“leave enough”可知，此处应填free的名词形式freedom, enough在此处作形容词。
8．drive 分析句子结构可知，所填词与句中的“to guide”并列，而在“rather than”后常用省略to的不定式。故填drive。
9．keeps 在条件状语从句、时间状语从句和让步状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时，因此根据本句句意可知，此处应用一般现在时代替将来时，更多地强调真实性。故填keeps。
10．in keep ... in mind是固定短语，意为“记住……”。故填in。
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