2016届陕西汉中市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（26）（含答案）

　　2016年陕西汉中市高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（26）（含答案）

　　阅读理解English as a Foreign Language

　　Who taught you to speak English? Your parents, while you were a young child? Your teachers at school? Perhaps even the BBC as a grown-up. Whoever it was, somehow you have developed an understanding of what is rapidly becoming a truly global language.

　　There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language, and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue. There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.

　　Is this a good thing, or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate, using a common language, across countries and cultures? Or should we worry about the dangers of“mono-culturalism”, a world in which we all speak the same language, eat the same food and listen to the same music?

　　Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language? On the contrary, I would have thought-although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars. Ask the people of India(where many of them speak at least some English)and Pakistan(the same situation with India). . .

　　If we all speak English, will we then all start eating McDonald’s burgers? Surely not. If English becomes more dominant(占主导地位的), will it kill other languages? I doubt it. When I travel in Africa or Asia, I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages, as well as English and perhaps some French or German as well.

　　When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago, we received a wonderfully poetic email from a listener in Ireland. “The English language is a beautiful language. Maybe it’s like a rose, ”he said. “But who would ever want their garden just full of rose? ”

　　Well, I love roses, and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden. But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, that’s fine by me.

　　【文章大意】作者以独特的视角分析了英语的发展前景和人们的种种顾虑。越来越多的人会讲英语是好事吗? 战乱会因此而减少吗? 将来人们会只讲一种语言, 吃同样的食物, 听同样的音乐吗? 作者借用一位爱尔兰听众的邮件说: 英语好比玫瑰花, 它很漂亮, 但是我们不能因为它漂亮就把花园全种上玫瑰花, 也不能把其他花草都拔掉。

　　1. How many people learn English as their second language?

　　A. About 80%.

　　B. About 376 million.

　　C. About one million.

　　D. We don’t know.

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第二段第一句话可知, 把英语当作第二语言的人的数量是about 376 million。故选B。

　　2. What does“garden”in the last two paragraphs stand for?

　　A. Language.

　　B. Family.

　　C. The world.

　　D. The Earth.

　　【解析】选C。词义猜测题。因为这两段中rose用来指代English, 所以garden自然是指代the world。故选C。

　　3. The author would probably agree that　.

　　A. it’s very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a garden

　　B. it’s good for people from other countries to learn English

　　C. more and more people like to plant roses in their gardens

　　D. English is easier to learn than other languages

　　【解析】选B。作者意图题。根据全文内容, 尤其最后一句If more and more people want to plant English roses, that’s fine by me. 可以了解作者的态度倾向。故选B。

　　4. This passage is mainly about　.

　　A. why English has become a global language

　　B. how many people in the world speak English

　　C. how people in the world learn English as a foreign language

　　D. whether we need to worry about English being a world language

　　【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通过理解全文内容以及作者的观点, 我们可以知道人们大可不必顾虑英语作为世界语言的前景问题。故选D。

　　Beginning college is exciting: new ideas to explore, new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made. Your future begins here.

　　However, you will find college life is different from your previous school environment. Many of us can be easily overwhelmed(压垮) by the details of running a well-balanced life. While some of us may have the know-how, I guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experiences of other who have walked the college halls before you.

　　The following you may find of use about life on campus.

　　Plan well. There are so many new things to do at a new college or university, social and academic(学术的). Give yourself time to make new friends and become familiar with the campus, but don’t forget why you are there. Give some time for social activities and manage your time wisely.

　　If you don’t have a “system” for planning your time now (like a day time, a computer date book), get one. Most of all, don’t depend on your memory.

　　Don’t miss the guidelines, restrictions, rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your student handbook. Consider them well-balanced food for thought. What dates are important? What pieces of paper need to be handed in? What can/can’t you do in your student residence(住处)? Who has authority for what? What do you need to complete to graduate?

　　Write the word “STUDY” on the walls of our bedroom and bathroom, and maybe it will help to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone, TV and the kitchen table. Consider this – you are paying thousands of dollars for courses. You pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course.

　　1. What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　A. To offer advice on college life.

　　B. To explain why college life is exciting.

　　C. To describe the importance of college life.

　　D. To persuade you to go to college ]

　　2. From the passage, we can know

　　.

　　A. one will have more freedom at college

　　B. one will make more friends at college

　　C. one prepares for one’s future career and life at college

　　D. professors at college will provide you with many new ideas

　　3. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “know-how” (in Paragraph 2)?

　　A. An understanding of how things are going at college.

　　B. A practical knowledge about how to behave and what to do at college.

　　C. College halls where rules and regulations are presented.

　　D. An environment completely different from the one you’re used to.

　　4. According to the passage, college students

　　.

　　A. needn’t learn from those who went to college before them

　　B. should spend as much time as possible on social activities

　　C. should have a “system” for planning their time

　　D. are supposed to repeat or replace at least one course

　　【参考答案】1—4、ACBC

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.

　　One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚).

　　Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.

　　They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.

　　The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.

　　The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.

　　They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.

　　Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.

　　Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.

　　But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.

　　The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.

　　1. What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.

　　B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.

　　C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.

　　D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.

　　2. Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?

　　A. Toes.

　　B. Hips.

　　C. Feet.

　　D. Legs.

　　3. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.

　　B. We should start running barefoot in no time.

　　C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.

　　D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.

　　4. What is the writer’s attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes?

　　A. Persuasive.

　　B. Negative.

　　C. Objective. D. Supportive.

　　参考答案1—4、DBAC

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　For high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find an internship(实习). In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far behind.

　　Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. The students are more likely to stay in school, graduate and go on to higher education.

　　In Germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. German companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment.

　　But in America, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. Harvard Education school professor Robert Schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. Schwartz argued that this approach leaves the country’s most vulnerable(易受影响的)kids with no jobs and no skills.

　　Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teach them valuable practical skills at high school. James Madison High School in New York, for example, encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. The school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while they’re still at high school.

　　However, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row.

　　“The risk is that if teenagers miss out on the summer job experience, they will become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job, ”said Michael, a researcher in the US.

　　【文章大意】文章通过与德国中学情况的比较, 说明在美国中学里很缺乏有关职业生涯的基本课程。

　　1. In the author’s opinion, American high school leavers　.

　　A. have enough career-related courses

　　B. need more career advice from their schools

　　C. perform better in exams than German students

　　D. can get higher earnings in later years

　　【解析】选B。作者观点题。根据第四段内容可知。

　　. What can be inferred from the text?

　　A. Unemployment rates for US teenagers remain high at the moment.

　　B. Students with career-based courses never have problems finding a job.

　　C. US companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment.

　　D. High school leavers with no practical skills can’t find a job absolutely.

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第六段的In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 推出答案。

　　3. What’s the main idea of the text?

　　A. Arguments about recent US education reform.

　　B. Tips on finding jobs for high school leavers.

　　C. The lack of career-based courses in US high schools.

　　D. Advice for American high school leavers.

　　【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章第一段的In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far behind. 点出了主题。

　　. The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph 6 most probably means“　”.

　　A. discouragingB. interesting

　　C. creative

　　D. unbearable

　　【解析】选A。词义猜测题。从下文的In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 可猜出词义。