（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮复习配套练习：book7 Unit 19《language》（含解析）

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1．She ultimately purchased(购买) a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.(2015·湖北)

　　2．Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight，but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure(确保) healthy eyes.(2017·辽宁)

　　3．I managed to stand out among the candidates(应试者) and survive the test alone.(2017·广东)

　　4．I sincerely(真诚地) wish you a pleasant time with us.Thank you.(2017·陕西)

　　5．It is read so that the reader may be informed(告知) and prepared.(2015·江苏)

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1．If you’re serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle，it’s extremely important to surround (surround) yourself with people who’ll provide you with the proper emotional support.(2015·福建)

　　2．Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don’t want to embarrass themselves.(2015·福建)

　　3．People are social creatures by nature，and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self­respect comes from the approval(approve) of others.(2017·江苏)

　　4．The minister said，“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties，but we’ll never negotiate with criminals.”(2011·湖北)

　　5．Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror！(2011·大纲全国)

　　6．Consistent，hard work won’t guarantee you the level of success you may want，but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.(2017·广东)

　　7．Many students are absent from class.(2017·四川)

　　8．Move quickly enough and put enough force into each step，and you really can walk across the surface of an adequately(adequate) thick liquid of cornflour.(2017·重庆)

　　9．As a diligent student in my class，I have a good knowledge of English and can express my thoughts and opinions clearly and fluently(fluency) with foreigners.(2015·陕西)

　　10．I read the announcement(announce) of the summer camp in Singapore that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it.(2017·大纲全国Ⅰ)

　　Ⅲ.短语填空

　　on purpose，on the other hand，for ages，inform...of...，keep...in mind，add to，be similar to，get ahead

　　1．On the other hand，whenever I had plunged into deep water，forced by courage or circumstance，I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.(2015·天津)

　　2．—Haven’t seen you for ages！Where have you been?

　　—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.(2017·福建)

　　3．Cinderella left her shoe on the stairs on purpose.(2017·福建)

　　4．Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.(2015·湖南)

　　5．In addition，the climate here is very similar to that in the USA，so there is no need for you to worry about it.(2017·天津)

　　6．When I first got in the army I wanted to get ahead.

　　7．Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.(2017·福建)

　　8．The surveys inform us of the parents’ over­protection of their college children.(2015·北京)

　　Ⅳ.完成句子

　　1．Chances are that the close sitter doesn’t realize he disturbs you，so he may miss your annoyance.(chance)

　　很可能坐得离你很近的那个人并没有意识到他打扰了你，因此他可能没有注意到你的烦恼。(2017·辽宁)

　　2．The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag.

　　主要问题是你是想让你的手臂放在睡袋内还是睡袋外。(2015·湖北)

　　3．There is no point getting angry.(point)

　　生气是没用的。

　　4．To put it simply，computer skills are vital to today’s learners and tomorrow’s bread­winners.(simply)

　　简而言之，计算机技能对今天的学习者以及将来要养家糊口的人来说都是至关重要的。

　　5．Provided that circumstances permit，we shall hold the meeting next week.(用过去分词作状语)

　　只要情况允许，我们下周将举行会议。

　　写作素材 (关于语言学习)

　　1．有一种关于语言习得的著名理论：为了扩大词汇量，你应当确保足够的练习。

　　2．你应当有一个明确的目标来确保获得它。

　　3．但有人认为，没有外语语言环境，学好一门外语是很难的。

　　4．然而，你可以通过足够的课程来学好一门外语。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用that引导的同位语从句，主语从句等结构。

　　连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)

　　There is a famous theory on language acquisition that to enlarge a large vocabulary you should ensure adequate practice.You should have an explicit target to ensure to attain it.It is thought that it’s very difficult to learn a foreign language in the absence of a native language environment.However，you can learn a foreign language through enough curriculums.

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(建议用时8′)

　　Speaking two languages can actually help offset(抵消) some effects of aging on the brain，a new study has found.

　　Researchers tested how long it took participants to switch from one cognitive(认知的) task to another，something that’s known to take longer for older adults，said lead researcher，Brian Gold，a neuroscientist at the University of Kentucky.

　　Gold’s team compared task­switching speeds for younger and older adults，knowing they would find slower speeds in the older population because of previous studies.However，they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental activities faster than those didn’t.The study only looked at lifelong bilinguals(会说两种语言的人) defined in study as people speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old.

　　Gold and his team asked 30 people，either bilingual or monolingual(只懂一种语言的人)，to have a series of tests.They found that bilingual people were not only able to switch tasks faster—they had different brain activity than their monolingual peers.

　　Kristina called bilingualism “a beautiful natural experiment”，because people grow up speaking two languages，and studies have shown that they get certain cognitive benefits from switching between languages and determining which to respond with based on what’s going on around them.

　　Gold said he grew up in Montreal，where he spoke French at school and English at home，prompting relatives to question whether his French language immersion would somehow hinder his ability to learn English.

　　“Until very recently，learning a second language in childhood was thought of as dangerous，” he said.“Actually，it’s beneficial.”

　　1．What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Researchers found that speaking two languages is important.

　　B．Researchers found that bilingual people respond slowly.

　　C．Researchers found that bilingual people can slow down the speed of aging on the brain and respond fast.

　　D．Researchers found that bilingual people are great.

　　答案　C

　　解析　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是文章主体段落第一段可知：能讲两种语言可以减缓大脑衰老的速度且会说两种语言的人比只会说一种语言的人反应速度快。故选C。

　　2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Older bilinguals can’t respond faster in mind.

　　B．Older adults speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old can respond faster than those who don’t.

　　C．Young bilinguals can respond faster in mind than those monolinguals.

　　D．Bilingual children respond slower in mind than those monolinguals.

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“However，they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental activities faster than those didn’t.The study only looked at lifelong bilinguals(会说两种语言的人) defined in study as people speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old.”可知B项正确。

　　3．Kristina called bilingualism “a beautiful natural experiment” because

　　.

　　A．people grow up，benefiting from speaking two languages

　　B．people speaking two languages are natural

　　C．people speaking two languages are beautiful

　　D．people speaking two languages like the experiment

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...because people grow up speaking two languages，and studies have shown that they get certain cognitive benefits from switching between languages and determining which to respond with based on what’s going on around them.”可知，是因为人们长大后会得益于说两种语言。故选A。

　　4．We can learn from the last paragraph that learning a second language in childhood is

　　.

　　A．dangerous to children

　　B．not beneficial to children

　　C．dangerous but beneficial to children

　　D．not dangerous but beneficial to children

　　答案　D

　　解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推断在儿童时期学习第二语言是有益无害的。故选D。

　　B

　　(建议用时8′)

　　There is a technology that may someday be widely used as a way to identify people.An American doctor can plant a computer chip under his skin which can send personal information to a scanner.The chip gives off information which will be scanned by a hand­held reader.

　　The chip is similar to that planted in more than 1 million dogs，cats and other pets in recent years to track and identify them.The doctor decided to test the chip himself after the World Trade Center disaster.He thought the dead in the disaster could have been identified if their names and other important information had been chipped.

　　Officials of the company said they hope to sell the chips to patients with man­made arms or legs.The idea is that the chip will provide immediate and correct medical information when it is needed.

　　The information can contain name，telephone number and other information.Or it can send out a message that，when connected to a computer，can call up records.The scanner can read it through clothes from over a meter away.The new product also could be used to control prisoners.Workplaces of great importance may want to use the chips for employees，too.Some parents may consider planting chips in young children or elderly relatives who may be unable to say their names，addresses or telephone numbers.

　　Some medical and technology specialists said the product raises new questions about the relationship between humans and computer technology and could cause problems if it is used against someone’s wishes，or if your personal information is read by those who should not see it.

　　5．In the text，computer chips have already been used to

　　.

　　A．catch escaped prisoners

　　B．find missing children

　　C．treat sick people

　　D．follow lost animals

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。从文中第二段第一句可知，芯片早已被应用到一百多万只动物身上，来跟踪它们，在走丢时找到它们，故选D。

　　6．The doctor decided to test the chips himself because

　　.

　　A．nobody would dare to try it

　　B．the chip could be used for identification purposes

　　C．the chip had been proved successful on animals

　　D．his patients expected him to experience it first

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。从第二段第三句“He thought the dead in the disaster could have been identified if their names and other important information had been chipped.”可知答案，故选B。

　　7．We can learn from the passage that

　　.

　　A．the chip has been proven to be very successful

　　B．the use of this chip will be favored by everybody

　　C．doctors will make a lot of money by using chips

　　D．there will be a great market for chip planting in humans

　　答案　D

　　解析　推理判断题。从文中第四段最后三句话可推断，这种新产品的市场很大，应用范围很广，故选D。

　　8．What problem may be caused by planting chips in the human bodies?

　　A．Personal information may be used improperly.

　　B．Chips can be the causes of various diseases.

　　C．Computers could send out wrong information.

　　D．Sick people will be controlled by computers.

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。从文中最后一段的“...could cause problems if it is used against someone’s wishes，or if personal information is read by those...”可知答案，故选A。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空(建议用时17′)

　　One rainy afternoon I was sitting at home feeling so bored.

　　9

　　feeling sorry for myself，I wanted to meet people and have new

　　10

　　so I decided to start volunteering.I found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France.

　　Volunteering

　　11

　　so many opportunities to have fun and share

　　12

　　stories.It was the first time for me to work on a farm.It was almost a(n)

　　13

　　holiday as food and accommodation were provided.It was not one

　　14

　　holiday，however，as I had to

　　15

　　fifteen horses and sheep！I soon discovered that I was a(n)

　　16

　　farmer but it did not matter because I made some great friends and also improved my

　　17

　　.

　　However，you do not

　　18

　　go abroad to volunteer.I have had plenty of adventures at home as volunteering can become a

　　19

　　.For example，I love

　　20

　　so I had a good laugh waving my arms in order to

　　21

　　my local choir(合唱团)．At university，I organized a concert for charity with my friends.It was really

　　22

　　to find bands and raise money for a cause.

　　It is true that you feel good volunteering but there are also other

　　23

　　.I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event where the organizers

　　24

　　gave me cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me for my

　　25

　　.I also volunteered in a charity shop so I found loads of nice cheap clothes to

　　26

　　my wardrobe.

　　While this is all fun，my favourite aspect of volunteering is

　　27

　　and sharing stories.My terrible

　　28

　　at farming has given me funny stories to tell!

　　9．A.Apart from

　　B．Due to

　　C．Instead of

　　D．But for

　　答案　C

　　解析　下文提到作者决定做志愿工作，故这里应是“我想见别人并有新的经历，而不是自怨自艾”。instead of而不是，取代，符合语境。

　　10．A.experiences

　　B．discoveries

　　C．opportunities

　　D．changes

　　答案　A

　　解析　参见上题解析。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。

　　11．A.recommends

　　B．demands

　　C．offers

　　D．seizes

　　答案　C

　　解析　此处指“志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得愉快并分享精彩的故事的机会”。offer提供，符合语境。

　　12．A.popular

　　B．fantastic

　　C．familiar

　　D．important

　　答案　B

　　解析　参见上题解析。fantastic意为“美妙的，精彩的”，符合语境。

　　13．A.impressive

　　B．free

　　C．cheap

　　D．special

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据下文的“as food and accommodation were provided”可知，农场提供食物和住宿，故此处表示它几乎是一个免费的(free)假期。

　　14．A.unique

　　B．regular

　　C．typical

　　D．convenient

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据上文的“work on a farm”及下文的“as I had to

　　fifteen horses and sheep”可知，这不是一个典型的(typical)假期，因为作者在农场工作，而且必须照顾十五匹马和羊。

　　15．A.attend to

　　B．research into

　　C．hunt for

　　D．communicate with

　　答案　A

　　解析　参见上题解析。attend to sb./sth.意为“照顾某人/某物”。

　　16．A.skillful

　　B．suitable

　　C．hard­working

　　D．awful

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据下文的“but”及最后一段的“My terrible

　　at farming”可知，此处指“不久我就发现我是一个糟糕的(awful)农民”。

　　17．A.English

　　B．French

　　C．Russian

　　D．Chinese

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据第一段中的“on a farm in France”可知，作者在法国的农场从事志愿工作，所以应是提高法语。

　　18．A.normally

　　B．basically

　　C．naturally

　　D．necessarily

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据下文的“I have had plenty of adventures at home...”可知，作者在国内有许多冒险经历，故可推知“你不一定要去国外从事志愿工作”。necessarily必要地；not necessarily不一定。

　　19．A.hobby

　　B．trend

　　C．job

　　D．reality

　　答案　A

　　解析　下文提到的志愿工作显然是作者的爱好，关键词“love”就是暗示，故用hobby。

　　20．A.dancing

　　B．writing

　　C．singing

　　D．performing

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据下文的“my local choir(合唱团)”和“I organized a concert for charity...”可知，作者喜欢唱歌(singing)。

　　21．A.greet

　　B．control

　　C．organize

　　D．conduct

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据上文的“I had a good laugh waving my arms...”及后面的“my local choir(合唱团)”可推知，此处指挥动胳膊来指挥(conduct)当地的合唱团。

　　22．A.powerful

　　B．hopeful

　　C．meaningful

　　D．successful

　　答案　C

　　解析　找乐队并为慈善事业筹钱真的很有意义。meaningful意为“有意义的”，符合语境。

　　23．A.adventures

　　B．advantages

　　C．factors

　　D．achievements

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据下文的“gave me cupcakes...”“so I found loads of nice cheap clothes”可知，这里说的是“你确实能感受到志愿工作的好处，但是它还有其他的优点(advantages)”。

　　24．A.generously

　　B．cautiously

　　C．equally

　　D．proudly

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据下文的“...cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me...”可知组织者很大方地给作者很贵的杯形蛋糕。generously意为“慷慨地，大方地”，符合语境。

　　25．A.services

　　B．patience

　　C．determination

　　D．choices

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据上文的“I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event...”可知，组织者给作者杯形蛋糕是为了感谢作者的服务(services)，故选A项。

　　26．A.decorate

　　B．replace

　　C．beautify

　　D．update

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据上下文可知，作者在慈善商店找到许多漂亮、便宜的衣服来更新自己的衣橱。故选D项。

　　27．A.creating

　　B．imagining

　　C．choosing

　　D．completing

　　答案　A

　　解析　此处指“但对于志愿工作，我最喜欢的方面是创造(creating)并分享故事”。

　　28．A.offence

　　B．shame

　　C．attempt

　　D．annoyance

　　答案　C

　　解析　结合语境和文章的情感基调可知，这里应是说作者在农场的努力和尝试让作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事。attempt意为“努力，尝试”，符合语境。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时10′)

　　In the United States，there were 222 people 29.reported(report) to be billionaires(亿万富翁) in 2003.The 30.richest(rich) of these is Bill Gates，worth at least

　　41 billion,31.who made his money 32.by starting the company Microsoft.Mr.Gates was only 21 years old 33.when he first helped to set up the company in 1976.He was a billionaire by the time he was 31 years old.34.However，there are still some other people who have made lots 35.of money at even younger ages.Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple.36.Both of these child actors made over a million dollars 37.acting(act) in movies before they were 14.But 38.the youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn and Taxis of Germany，who，in 2001，inherited(继承) a billion dollars when he turned 18!