（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮自主复习学案：book2 Unit 6《design》

　　话题词汇

　　1．abstract adj.抽象的

　　2．exhibition n．展览

　　3．style n．风格

　　4．traditional adj.传统的

　　5．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的

　　6．inspiration n．灵感；启发

　　7．art gallery画廊；美术馆

　　8．work of art艺术作品

　　9．under the influence of受……的影响

　　10．break away from脱离；放弃

　　经典语篇

　　假如你是一名中学生，一个名叫杰克的美国交换生来中国过暑假。你邀请他去你所在的城市参观国画画展，可他不想去。因为他不知道如何去欣赏和理解中国画。请你写一封电子邮件建议他跟你一起去。词数100左右。

　　佳作欣赏

　　Dear Jack，

　　I just saw an advertisement for a special free exhibition of Chinese art at the Beijing International Exhibition Center.It’s not far from your hotel，so I think that after dinner we could walk to the center and that you could get to know a little about Chinese art ①.

　　The exhibition has been organized especially for the Olympic Games in Beijing so there are some volunteers to help explain the art to visitors.In front of the center there is a club② where many people from around the world often gather together to talk about art.③ After we go to the exhibition，we could go there for a cup of coffee④，get to know a little more about art around the world and maybe make friends.I hope it will be a special experience for us.I’m looking forward to it，since I really don’t know much about Chinese art myself，except that there are four basic kinds of Chinese paintings: figures，landscapes，flowers and birds，and folklore.So you see—you don’t have to worry that you’re not familiar with Chinese art.That doesn’t mean you can’t understand pictures—remember，art crosses cultures!

　　I hope you’ll join me at the exhibition and experience some of China’s great art on your last day in China.I’m sure you’ll find it’s worth the time.

　　Regards，

　　Yang

　　思维发散

　　1．将第①句改为含有定语从句的复合句

　　I think that after dinner we could walk to the center，in which you could get to know a little about Chinese art.

　　2．将第②句改为倒装句

　　In front of the center is a club.

　　3．仿照第③句完成句子

　　Yesterday my aunt sent me an email where she told me she would come to see me next week.

　　昨天我阿姨给我发了一份电子邮件，其中她告诉我她下周要来看我。

　　4．将第④句改为简单句

　　After going to the exhibition，we could go there for a cup of coffee.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A．写作单词

　　1．imagination (n.)想像(力)

　　imagine (vt.)想像；设想；认为

　　2．valuable (adj.)贵重的，有价值的

　　value (n.)价值；价格；重要性

　　(vt.)评估，评价

　　3．typical (adj.)典型的

　　typically (adv.)典型地

　　4．detail (n.)细节，详情

　　detailed (adj.)详细的

　　5．eyesight (n.)视力

　　6．ruin (vt.)毁灭，毁坏

　　7．purpose (n.)目的，意图

　　8．character (n.)字(体)；特点；人物

　　9．happiness (n.)幸福，快乐

　　happy (adj.)幸福的，开心的，高兴的

　　10．pain (n.)痛苦；疼，痛

　　B．阅读单词

　　11．abstract (adj.)抽象的，深奥的

　　12．straight (adj.)直的

　　(adv.)直(接)

　　13．exhibition (n.)展览(会)

　　exhibit (vt.)展示，陈列

　　(n.)展览品

　　14．poetry (n.)诗(总称)

　　poem (n.)诗(歌)

　　poet (n.)诗人

　　15．elegantly (adv.)优雅地

　　elegance (n.)优雅；精美

　　16．emphasise (vt.)强调

　　emphasis (pl.emphases)(n.)强调，重视；重点

　　17．fold (n.)皱褶

　　(vt.)折叠，合起来

　　18．shallow (adj.)浅的

　　19．religious (adj.)宗教的；虔诚的

　　religion (n.)宗教

　　20．pattern (n.)式样，模式

　　21．relate (vt.)把……与……联系起来

　　related (adj.)有关系的，相关的

　　relation (n.)关联，关系；亲戚(关系)，有血缘者

　　relative (n.)亲属，亲人

　　(adj.)相关联的；相比较的

　　22．jewellery (n.)(总称)珠宝，首饰

　　jewel (n.)宝石；珠宝首饰

　　23．mercy (n.)慈悲，怜悯，同情心

　　merciful (adj.)慈悲的，仁慈的

　　24．narrow (adj.)狭窄的

　　25．downtown (adv.)在市区，往市区

　　(adj.)市区的

　　26．conclusion (n.)结论；结束

　　conclude (vt.)推断出；结束

　　27．shade (n.)(色彩的)浓淡；阴影

　　28．damp (adj.)潮湿的

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1．fix one’s eyes on注视，凝视

　　2．deep in thought陷入深思中

　　3．next to紧靠，挨着

　　4．sort of(用作副词)有几分地，有那么点儿

　　5．date back (to)追溯(到)

　　6．relate to涉及；有关联；与……有关

　　7．try out试验，试用；尝试

　　8．hold one’s breath屏住呼吸

　　9．share...with...与……分享……

　　10．be home to是……所在地，是……的家

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1．QiBaishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.

　　齐白石的绘画作品常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。

　　2．To emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress，and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.

　　为了进一步突出这位女子，陈逸飞在她的扇子和衣服的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子的背景颜色。

　　3．Surrounded by fields，mountains and rivers，the old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer.

　　被田野、山脉、河流环绕着的丽江古城在春天和夏天看起来像墨绿色的宝石。

　　4．But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all.

　　但是芒果街上的房子根本不是他们所描述的那样。

　　5．It’s finally our turn to do the wallboard in the school hall!

　　终于轮到我们来做学校礼堂的板报了！

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　Xu Beihong, who developed the tradition of 1.combining(combine) poetry with painting，was important in modern Chinese folk art.His famous painting is Racing Horse.He used different shades of grey in a 2.creative(create) way to show the sweat along the horse’s body.

　　Qi Baishi was one of China’s 3.greatest(great) painters.He worked with wood during his early youth.Then his interest changed to simple pictures from everyday life，such 4.as vegetables，flowers，birds and insects.

　　Chen Yifei was a very successful artist, 5.whose soft portraits of beautiful women are very valuable.His painting,6.named(name) Poppy，is a typical example of Chen’s style.In the painting,7.a young woman sits alone and is deep 8.in thought.Her hand holding the fan is 9.elegantly(elegant) positioned above her knees.To emphasise the woman even more，Chen adds a lot of detail 10.to the fan and the cloth of her dress，and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.

　　1

　　pain n.痛苦；疼，痛

　　1cause pain to sb.使某人痛苦

　　No pains，no gains.不劳无获。

　　take pains to do sth.尽力/下苦功做某事

　　2painful adj.疼痛的；引起痛苦的

　　3painfully adv.令人痛苦/烦恼地

　　(1)The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat.

　　我认为做饭是痛苦的时刻是当我饿了也没有现成的东西可吃的时候。

　　(2)It gave us much pain to learn of the sad news.

　　我们听到这不幸的消息十分悲痛。

　　[特别提醒]

　　pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦，刻苦，努力”时要用复数形式。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)He took pains to win(win) the prize.

　　(2)It is a painful(pain) experience.

　　(3)His harsh words caused much pain to her.

　　(4)I looked painfully(pain) at the vase broken into pieces.

　　2

　　valuable adj.贵重的，有价值的

　　1value n.价值

　　be of...value有……的价值

　　be of little/no value to sb.对某人没什么/毫无帮助

　　2valueless adj.没有价值的；不值钱的

　　(1)It is a piece of valuable information.

　　这是一条有价值的情报。

　　(2)The broken vase is valueless.You’d better throw it away.碎花瓶没用了，你最好把它扔了。

　　[词义辨析]　valueless，priceless

　　(1)valueless adj.没有价值的；毫无用处的。

　　(2)priceless adj.无价的，价值无法衡量的。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用valueless，priceless填空

　　①The old man has collected many priceless stamps，but he never thought to sell them out.

　　②Don’t buy the so­called treasures along the street.Most of them are

　　valueless.

　　(2)单句改错

　　Building value skills is hard and takes time.value→valuable

　　3

　　typical adj.典型的；有代表性的representative；一贯的；平常的normal

　　be typical of...典型的；……有代表性的

　　It’s typical of sb.to do sth.某人一向如此做某事。

　　(1)It is about a Chinese romantic story，typical of Chinese culture.

　　那是一个具有典型中国文化特色的浪漫故事。

　　(2)This painting is fairly typical of his early works.

　　这幅画是他早期作品中相当典型的代表作。

　　多维训练

　　(1)Jack is late again.It is typical of him to(他一向如此……) keep others waiting.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　Typically，he always plays jokes on others.(用it作形式主语改写)

　　It is typical of him to play jokes on others.

　　4

　　ruin v.毁坏；使破产；n.毁坏；毁灭；破产；废墟

　　1ruin oneself毁掉自己

　　2in ruins严重受损；破败不堪

　　fall/come into ruin逐渐破碎

　　bring...to ruin使……失败；使……毁坏

　　(1)The bad weather has ruined all my pleasure for the holiday.

　　糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。

　　(2)A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.

　　革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Years of fighting has left Iraq ruined(ruin)．

　　②It rained for two weeks on end，completely ruining(ruin) our holiday.

　　③This country was once proud of its education system.Now it seems to be in ruins.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①The castle has fallen into ruins.ruins→ruin

　　②After he was dead，his body would ruin it in twelve months.it→itself

　　5

　　purpose n.意志，毅力，决心determination；目的，意图intention or function

　　on purpose＝by design故意地反义词组：by accident/chance偶然地，意外地

　　for/with the purpose of为了……的目的

　　(1)The purpose of this dictionary is to help students of English.

　　这本字典的用途是帮助学生学英语。

　　(2)He has enormous confidence and strength of purpose.

　　他信心十足，意志坚强。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①Did you do that on purpose(故意地)?

　　②He went there for/with the purpose of(为了……的目的) making business contacts.

　　(2)单句改错

　　He is thought to have done it by purpose.by→on

　　6

　　relate v.有关；涉及；使联系；讲述，叙述

　　1relate...to/with...把……和……联系起来,be related to与……相关,relate to涉及；和……有联系；理解

　　2related adj.相关的；有亲属关系的,

　　3relation n.关系；联系；亲戚

　　in relation to关于，至于

　　(1)Your statement doesn’t relate well with the facts.

　　你的说法与事实不太符合。

　　(2)These two events were related to each other.

　　这两个事件相互有联系。

　　(3)I have nothing to say in relation to that matter.

　　关于那件事，我没什么好说的。

　　[特别提醒]

　　表示“和……有关”的短语还有：be relevant to，be concerned with，be involved in，be associated with等。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用relate的正确形式填空

　　①He had concern for nothing except what related to himself.

　　②Apparently relations between husband and wife have not improved.

　　(2)单句改错

　　This afternoon，we will discuss all the being related problems at the meeting.去掉being

　　7

　　mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；慈悲；怜悯；同情心

　　1show mercy to sb./have mercy on sb.怜悯某人

　　at the mercy of...任由……摆布；受……控制

　　It’s a mercy that...……真是万幸。

　　without mercy毫不留情

　　2merciful adj.仁慈的；宽大的

　　be merciful to/towards sb.对某人仁慈

　　(1)He went down on his knees and begged for mercy.

　　他跪下来，乞求宽恕。

　　(2)The ship was at the mercy of storm.

　　那条船在暴风雨中失去了控制。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Antonio was so merciful that he even showed mercy to Shylock.(mercy)

　　②The policemen shot the crocodile without mercy.

　　③The little boy showed mercy to the lost dog.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①It was mercy that she wasn’t seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.mercy前加a

　　②She is a kind­hearted woman and often has mercy to people who are in trouble.has→shows或to→on

　　8

　　conclusion n.结论；结束

　　1arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论

　　in conclusion总之；最后

　　2conclude...with...就……与……达成协议；以……结束……

　　conclude...from...从……推断出……

　　(1)What conclusions do you draw from the evidence you’ve heard?

　　从你听到的证据中你得出什么结论？

　　(2)So what can we conclude from this debate?

　　那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①He concluded his speech with a famous saying.

　　②What can we conclude from Stafford’s research?

　　③In conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.

　　(2)一句多译

　　从以上讨论可以得出两个结论。

　　①Two conclusions can be drawn from the above discussion.

　　②There are two conclusions to be drawn from the above discussion.

　　9

　　fix one’s eyes on/upon注视，凝视stare at

　　1fix one’s attention on/upon集中注意力于,keep one’s eyes fixed on注视着,fix on选定；确定

　　be fixed on专注于

　　2表示“专注于，专心于”的其他短语：concentrate on，focus on，put one’s heart into，be buried in，abandon oneself to，be lost in，be devoted to等。

　　(1)She fixed her eyes on the clock on the wall.

　　她注视着墙上的钟。

　　(2)You should fix your attention on your work.

　　你应该集中注意力在工作上。

　　(3)We’d better fix on a date for the meeting.

　　我们最好确定一个开会的日子。

　　多维训练

　　同义句改写

　　The students were sitting in the classroom and their eyes were fixed on the teachers.

　　(1)The students were sitting in the classroom with their eyes fixed on the teachers.(用with复合结构改写)

　　(2)The students were sitting in the classroom，their eyes fixed on the teachers.(用独立主格结构改写)

　　(3)The students were sitting in the classroom，keeping their eyes fixed on the teachers.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

　　10

　　date back to追溯到

　　1date from追溯到；始于；起源于

　　2out of date过时的，过期的

　　up to date最新的

　　up­to­date adj.最新的

　　(1)On the top of the hill stands an old temple dating back to 700 years ago.

　　山顶上矗立着一座可以追溯到700年以前的古庙。

　　(2)The custom dates from the time when men wore swords.

　　这习俗起源于人类佩带刀剑时。

　　[特别提醒]

　　date back to追溯到，不能用于被动语态和过去时，多用于现在时；date back to后面接时间点，而date back后面接时间段。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用date back to，date back的正确形式填空

　　①Their family dates back hundreds of years.

　　②The church dates back to the 18th century.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①This building dates back to/dates from(追溯到)1823.

　　②We need an up­to­date map(最新的地图) of there.

　　③The dresses on show are out of date(过时的)．

　　④Every year，a great many visitors come to visit the ancient tree dating from/dating back to(始于) the 12th century，which has brought a large income.

　　11

　　imagination n.想像，想像力

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)She imagined(imagine) walking into the office and handing in her resignation.

　　(2)It doesn’t take much imagination(imagine) to guess what she meant.

　　(3)He is an imaginative(imagine) writer.

　　(4)That is the only way we can imagine to reduce(reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.

　　(5)She couldn’t imagine living(live) in a place like that.

　　12

　　exhibition n.展览会

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Xi’an International exhibition(exhibit) Center has attracted many business people.

　　②The young painter has not yet exhibited(exhibit) his work.

　　(2)翻译句子

　　我们在为市高中生组织艺术展。

　　We are organizing an art exhibition for high school students in the city.

　　13

　　religious adj.宗教的；虔诚的

　　多维训练

　　用religious的正确形式填空

　　(1)You shouldn’t talk about politics or religion.

　　(2)Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.

　　(3)He got religion in a big way when he was at college.

　　(4)Mr.Smith is a religious man and goes to church every week.

　　14

　　happiness n.幸福，快乐

　　多维训练

　　翻译句子

　　(1)我发现那位老师很快乐。

　　I found the teacher very happy.

　　(2)她因成功而感到欣慰。

　　She is happy about/over her success.

　　(3)能在这里欢迎您，我们感到很高兴。

　　It’s a great happiness to us to welcome you here.

　　(4)孩子们在花园里愉快地玩耍。

　　The children were playing happily in the garden.

　　15

　　downtown adj.市区的；adv.在市区，往市区；n.商业区

　　多维训练

　　(1)Let’s go downtown shopping this afternoon.

　　我们今天下午到商业区去购物吧。

　　(2)单句改错

　　①Do you like living in downtown？in后加the

　　②He was born in the downtown Tianjin.去掉the

　　16

　　sort of＝a little/a bit/kind of一点儿

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　It is kind of embarrassing.

　　It is sort of embarrassing.

　　(2)—You look uneasy；is there anything wrong?

　　—I feel sort of cold.

　　——你看上去不舒服，有什么事吗？

　　——我感到有点冷。

　　17

　　try out测试；试验

　　多维训练

　　(1)The new ideas seem good but they need trying out/to be tried out.

　　新的想法似乎很好但是它们需要被试验。

　　(2)I want to try the shoes on/try on the shoes before I buy them.

　　我在买鞋子前要先试穿一下。

　　(3)I have tried my best to solve the problem.

　　我已尽了最大努力来解决这个问题。

　　(4)100 candidates tried out for the position in the company.

　　100名申请人参加了公司里这个职位的选拔。

　　18

　　hold one’s breath屏住呼吸

　　多维训练

　　(1)We held our breath(屏息) while Mr.Evans read the exam results.

　　(2)While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his breath(喘不过气来)．

　　(3)Eric came running into the room，out of breath (气喘吁吁的)．

　　19

　　Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的绘画作品常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。

　　句型公式：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语

　　leave用作使役动词，意为“使……处于某种状态”。,leave＋宾语＋名词/形容词/介词短语/过去分词/现在分词/动词不定式，表示“使……处于某种状态”。

　　(1)They all walked out and left me sitting there all by myself.

　　他们都走了，留我一个人独自坐在那里。

　　(2)Don’t leave the door open when you go out.

　　出去时，把门关上。

　　多维训练

　　(1)They started out hurriedly，leaving the dishes untouched (菜都没有动)．

　　(2)His parents died，leaving him an orphan (使他成了孤儿)．

　　(3)They killed the oxen，cut off the skins and left the bodies to rot(任其尸体腐烂)．

　　20

　　But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all.,但是芒果街的房子完全不像他们描述的那样。

　　句型公式：the way作先行词的定语从句

　　本句为主从复合句。they described...是定语从句，修饰先行词the way。当way“方式”作先行词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句可以用that，in which引导或省略关系词；way作其他意思解或关系词不在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的关系词酌情而定。

　　(1)Many students are interested in the way (in which/that) the teacher gives his lessons.

　　许多学生对这个老师讲课的方式感兴趣。

　　(2)Can you show me the way which you used in your new task?

　　你能向我演示一下你在新工作中用过的那种方法吗？

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The way that/which you taught me was not practical.

　　②I feel most angry about the way that I’ve been treated.

　　(2)单句改错

　　I don’t like the way in that you speak to her.去掉in或that→which

　　21

　　Surrounded by fields，mountains and rivers，the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer.被田地、山脉和河流包围着的丽江古城在春天和夏天看起来像一块墨绿色的宝石。

　　句型公式：过去分词短语作状语)

　　过去分词短语在句中作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等情况，表示被动与完成。使用时应注意两点：一是过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致；二是过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语为被动或完成关系。

　　(1)Built of steel，this machine has a greater strength.

　　由于这台机器是用钢造的，它具有更大的强度。

　　(2)Stopped by the guard，he produced his identity card.

　　当被卫兵拦住后，他出示了自己的身份证。

　　多维训练

　　同义句改写(改为简单句)

　　(1)Because his business was well managed，it soon took off.

　　Well managed，his business soon took off.

　　(2)The woman scientist，who was followed by her assistants，entered the room.

　　The woman scientist entered the room，followed by her assistants.

　　——单句语法填空

　　(1)He invited me to a dance after the show on Christmas Eve.

　　(2)Shirley，a real book lover，often brings home many books to read from the library.

　　(3)Do you know the girl whose Japanese is excellent?

　　(4)Those who want to go to the computer room write your name here.

　　(5)I refuse to accept the blame for something that is someone else’s fault.