2017届高考英语一轮复习《全优课堂》核心语法项项破课件：专题5 非谓语动词（新人教版）

　　(二)动词leave, keep, set, find, catch及介词with后加非谓语动词作复合宾语的情况 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Back from his two­year medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother________ (take) good care of at home.(2015陕西) 2. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ (perform)live is quite another.(2015浙江)

　　3. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________(develop) after great effort.(2017四川) 4. He is thought ________(act) foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.(2017江西)

　　5．The engine just won't start.Something seems ______ (go) wrong with it.(2017重庆) 【答案】1.taken　2.being performed　3.developed 4．to have acted　5.to have gone 四、非谓语动词作主语、表语 1．不定式、动名词都可作主语，但动名词作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。

　　His hobby is playing football. 他的爱好是踢足球。(侧重抽象意义) What he wants to do now is to play football. 他现在最想做的是踢足球。(侧重具体) 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. ____________(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.(2015安徽) 2. While waiting for the opportunity to get ________________(promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.(2017安徽) 3. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying_________(connect)．(2017福建) 4．_______ (understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.(2017湖南) 【答案】1.Ignoring/To ignore　2.promoted　3.connected 4．Understanding 五、非谓语动词作宾语 (一)下列动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/ wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help。 此外，afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。 (二)下列动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀： 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy (想象，设想); avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate; forbid, imagine, risk; can't help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape。

　　(三)be used/accustomed to, lead to, devote to, go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can't stand (无法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, thank…for, apologize for, be busy (in), have difficulty/trouble (in), have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in)等短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语。 (五)不定式作介词的宾语 一般而言，介词后用动名词作宾语，但在介词but/except(除……之外)，besides(除……外还有)后常用不定式作宾语，如果在这些介词前有实意动词do的任何一种形式，其后用省去to的不定式，反之则用带to的不定式。

　　【温馨提示】 与but构成“只好……”的短语，且其后要接不带to的不定式的还有：cannot but，cannot help but，cannot choose but。 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. When it comes to ________(speak) in public, no one can match him.(2017江西) 2．The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore, he can go shopping without________(recognize)．(2017北京) 3. It's quite hot today.Do you feel like ________(go) for a swim？(2017陕西)

　　4．The windows of the classroom need _______________(clean)． 5．I still remember__________(take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. 【答案】1.speaking　2.being recognized　3.going 4．cleaning/to be cleaned　5.being taken

　　六、独立主格结构 独立主格结构从语法上来讲不是句子，在句中通常作状语。具有以下特点： 1．独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，不指同一个人或同一事物； 2．独立主格结构一般置于句首，有时也置于句中或句末。 其常见形式为： So many children to support, they both have to work full time. 有这么多孩子要养，他们俩不得不全日工作。 The guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。 Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, all his attention fixed upon it. 吉姆专心致志地听着讲座，所有注意力都集中在上面了。 He came out of the library, (with) a large book under his arm. 他夹着一大本书，走出了图书馆。 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1．Much time _______ (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.(2015江苏) 2．Time _________(permit), I will discuss the problem with you.

　　3．A lot of things _________(remain)to be done, I can't accompany you to the supermarket tomorrow. 4．All the things he needed ________(buy), the man left the shop in a hurry. 【答案】1.spent　2.permitting　3.remaining　4.bought 专题五　非谓语动词 一、非谓语动词作状语 (一)不定式作状语 1．不定式作目的状语常用“so as to/in order to＋动词原形”。so as to不可用于句首。不定式作目的状语且在句中时，一般不能用逗号将其与前面的部分分开。 2．不定式作结果状语常用在下列结构中：so…as to; such…as to；enough…to；only to(常表示意外结果或事与愿违的结果)；too…to等。

　　3．在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)＋to do”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous等。 4．不定式只用在表示喜、怒、哀、乐等表语形容词后表示原因。

　　To stay warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. 为了在夜里取暖，我总是把火炉填满，然后把闹钟定在午夜，以便我能再填满一次。 George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him. 乔治战后返家，结果被告知他的妻子已经离开了他。 This machine is very easy to operate.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. 这台机器操作起来很容易。任何人在几分钟之内就能学会操作它。

　　We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition. 我们惊讶地发现那座寺庙依然是最初的面貌。

　　(二)分词作状语 1．作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。 2．如句子的主语是分词动作的发出者，就用现在分词形式(doing)。 3．若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成形式(having done)。

　　4．若现在分词与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生，用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having been done)。 5．若句子的主语是分词动作的承受者，则要用过去分词(done)。过去分词作状语可表示时间、原因、方式、条件等，置于句首、句末均可。如：

　　The government will take some effective measures to control the heavy smog blanketing the northern China. 政府将采取有效措施控制笼罩在中国北方的雾霾。

　　I have learned a lot about Asian customs, having lived in the small village for three years in the early 1990s. 20世纪90年代，我在这个小村庄里居住了三年后对亚洲的风俗习惯了解了很多。 Punished by his father, the boy was unhappy. 由于被父亲惩罚，这个男孩很不高兴。 The teacher entered the house, followed by his students. 被学生跟着，老师进入了房子。 (三)独立成分作状语 有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有： generally speaking　一般来说 frankly speaking　坦白地说 judging from/by　根据……判断：从……判断 considering…/taking…into consideration　考虑到…… to tell you the truth　说实话 to be sure　可以肯定地说 seeing　鉴于；由于；因为 supposing　假设；如果 assuming　假使 given　考虑到；鉴于 provided (that…)　如果 (四)紧缩式状语从句 分词(短语)作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。为了强调，还可与while，when，once, if, unless等连词连用，构成紧缩式状语从句。 Anyone, once tested positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. 任何人，一旦被检测出感染H7N9流感病毒，将得到政府的免费治疗。

　　用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1．_______(catch) the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.(2015北京) 2. ______(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.(2015重庆) 3．______(absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.(2015天津) 4．______(work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(2015天津) 5．Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________(talk) over what is bothering them.(2015湖南) 6．When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________(wonder) whether to stay or leave.(2015湖南) 7．Clearly and thoughtfully________(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.(2017天津) 8．Children，when ________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.(2017湖南) 9. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ________ (find) it didn't fit.(2017天津) 10．________(ask)to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.

　　【答案】1.To catch　2.Raised　3.Absorbed 4．Having worked　5.to talk　6.wondering　7.written 8．accompanied　9.to find　10.Having been asked 二、非谓语动词作定语 (一)不定式作定语 1．用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为主动关系。 2．被修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式作定语，常见的有：ability，idea，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time，chance等。

　　(二)分词作定语 分类 形式 意义 例句 现在 分词 doing 主动，进行 The boy dancing there is my brother. being done 被动，进行 The school being built is for the poor children. 过去 分词 done 完成 被动 The gift given by you is very nice. 完成 The developed countries are very rich. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1．The park was full of people, _______(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.(2015北京) 2．Last night, there were millions of people ________(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.(2017北京)

　　3．The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_________(return) to our shop for quality problems.(2017重庆) 4．There are still many problems ________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.(2017北京)

　　5．There's a note pinned to the door________ (say)when the shop will open again.(2017山东) 【答案】1.enjoying　2.watching　3.returned　4.to be solved 5．saying

　　三、非谓语动词作补足语 (一)非谓语动词(词组)作感官动词、使役动词的宾补 1．感官动词(词组)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to等的宾语补足语有四种形式，以see 为例： 注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表示完成的动作或状态。 注意：①have sth.done还表示“使某物遭受……”之意。如： Tom had his leg broken while playing football. ②have sb.doing若用于否定句中，其中have有“容忍”之意。如： I won't have you speaking to your Dad like that. 我不允许你和你父亲那么讲话。 ③have还可用于have sth.to do结构，该结构中have作“有”讲，不定式作定语。 I have a lot of readings to complete before the end of this term.

　　3．下列动词(词组)在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中要加上to：它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——5看(look at，see，watch，notice，observe)；3使(make，let，have)；2听(listen to，hear)；1感觉(feel)。