2017版英语一轮精品复习学案：Unit1 Great scientists（新人教版必修5）

　　2017版英语一轮精品复习学案：Unit1 Great scientists（新人教版必修5）

　　【高考新动向】

　　【考纲全景透析】

　　【重点单词】

　　1. conclude

　　vi.终结； 结束; 推断； 决定conclusion n. 结束,结论

　　make／draw／reach／come to／arrive at a conclusion下结论，得出结论；

　　bring sth. to a conclusion使…结束；

　　in conclusion作为结论，最后；

　　1）The meeting concluded at ten o'clock. 会议于十点钟结束。

　　2）It is hard to conclude. 这很难断定。【】________,I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying in your beautiful country.

　　A. To conclude

　　B. To include C. In the conclude

　　D. As conclusion

　　答案：A

　　defeat v. & n.打败；战胜

　　defeat sb./sth.；be defeatedThey were defeated in the football match.

　　他们在足球赛中输了1）defeat，beat与win作“打败”解时的区别:

　　beat与defeat的宾语是“人”；defeat的宾语常指“敌人”，在“游戏或比赛”中则用beat；win后的宾语多用game，war，prize等词(注意win的宾语不能是人) 

　　2）作“打”之意时 beat，hit与strike的区别：

　　beat强调“连续地打”；hit表示“打一下”；而strike则表示“一次有力的打击” 

　　【】A. defeated

　　B. won

　　C. beat

　　D. gained

　　答案：A

　　3. attend v.

　　1)注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with

　　2) 出席；到场：

　　3)照看；照料：=take care; look after

　　attendance n．

　　出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料

　　attend school上学

　　attend a lecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议

　　attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼‘/参加典礼1）We'll attend to the problem later． 稍后我们将关注那个问题。

　　2）Which doctor is attending you? 哪一个医生为你看病?汉译英

　　他们在我们不在时管理事务。

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　2) 他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　Keys: 1) They attended our affairs during our absence.

　　2) He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.

　　4. expose v.使暴露; 揭露; 使接触

　　expose a secret/ a plan泄露秘密计划

　　expose sth/ sb. to …把……暴露在……之下be exposed to ….置身于……;暴露于…expose students to good art and music使学生接触美好的艺术和音乐

　　expose soldiers to unnecessary risks使士兵冒不必要的危险

　　The reporter was killed because he tried to expose a plot.这名记者因为试图揭露一个阴谋而被杀害。

　　① There is no cure for the common cold at present.

　　目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。

　　② Can you cure me of my cold ?你能治好我的感冒吗？

　　③ That nasty shock cured him of his inquisitiveness forever.

　　那一沉痛教训根除了他凡事爱打听的毛病。

　　6. absorb

　　vt. 吸收；吸引吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）

　　汲取，理解（知识等）

　　使全神贯注；吸引（注意等）后常接介词in/by

　　合并（公司等）；吞并。常接介词into

　　承受；经受

　　be absorbed in=put one’s heart into专注；聚精会神

　　absorb...吸收Black cloth absorbs light.

　　黑布吸收光线。

　　Cotton gloves absorb sweat.

　　棉手套吸汗。

　　So many good ideas! It’s too much for me to absorb all at once.

　　这么多好主意！太多了，很难一下子完全吸收

　　The old man was completely absorbed in the book.

　　老人全神贯注地读这本书

　　The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.

　　四周的小城镇已并入这座城市

　　【归纳拓展】absorbed adj.精神集中的

　　absorbing adj.十分吸引人的

　　absorb from sth.从……中吸收

　　be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于

　　【】

　　_______________________________________________________

　　答案： He found his uncle was absorbed in reading.

　　2. When I went in， they were ________ in a heated discussion.

　　A. absorb

　　B. absorbed 　C. absorbing

　　D. being absorbed

　　答案： B.

　　3. She was so _____ in her book that she didn’t notice it was raining. A. absorbed  B. attracted  C. drawn  D. concentrated 答案A

　　7. blame vt．责备；谴责；归咎于；

　　n．责怪；(过失、过错等)责任

　　blame sb．for(doing)sth．

　　因(做)某事而指责某人

　　blame sth．on sb．

　　因某事而指责某人

　　sb．be to blame for(doing)sth．

　　因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；

　　注意: be to blame 应负责 (无被动形式)。1)The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday．

　　那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。

　　2) Who is to blame for the failure?

　　谁该为这次的失败负责?

　　3) The student blamed the teacher for his failure．学生因失败而怪老师。汉译英

　　1）看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了.

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　2）这件事谁也不能怨.

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　3）他指责你玩忽职守.

　　_________________________________________________________________________________

　　Keys: 1) It seemed that the water was to blame. 2) Nobody is to blame for it. 3) He blames you for neglect of duty.

　　8. contribute vi．&vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿

　　contribution. n. 捐献，贡献；投稿

　　contribute…to …向……捐献(投稿)

　　contribute to…促成，起作用，有助于

　　make a contribution to／towards向……捐赠；对…作出贡献

　　注意: 以上短语中to为介词； 1）He contributed to the church．他向教会捐款。

　　2）He often contributes to this newspaper．他经常向这家报社投稿。

　　3）Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer．吸烟是导致癌症的主要因素。【】1．put forward

　　提出(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名

　　put on穿上；增加

　　put on performances演出

　　put an end to结束；终止

　　put off推迟；延期；

　　put one's heart into全神贯注于

　　put down写下

　　put out生产；扑灭

　　put back放回；送回

　　put up举起；张贴put through接通电话

　　put up举起; 抬起; 张贴; 公布put sb. up为……提供食宿

　　put up with忍受; 忍耐; 受苦

　　He put forward a better plan.

　　他提出了一个更好的计划

　　Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary?

　　我推荐你（提名让你）担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书好吗？

　　He puts forward several interesting plans.

　　他提出了几项令人感兴趣的计划

　　It’s an explanation often put forward by our friend.

　　这是我们的朋友经常做出的解释。

　　We were roommates. At that time, I have to ________________ her bad temper.

　　A. put forward

　　B. put up with

　　C. put up

　　D. put off

　　答案：B

　　2. apart from 除……之外

　　1)from是介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。

　　2)apart from也可以表示“脱离开” 如：

　　There can be no knowledge apart from practice.

　　没有知识能脱离实践。【归纳比较】 apart from/except for/except/except that /besides/in addition to

　　1）apart from在表“除……外（别无）”时相当于besides和except for,但apart from还有“除……以外（还）”之意。另外，apart from, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。

　　2）except“除……”（不包括其后的宾语），besides“除了……还”（包括其后的宾语）。另外，besides还可以作副词“并且，而且” 

　　3）but for表示“如果不是由于……”之意（=If it were not for…或If it had not been for…）。

　　4) in addition to 相当于besides“除……之外，还有”（包括除去内容在内）

　　5）except that 后面跟句子，用来表示理由或细节Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.

　　除了少数的几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师’t suit me.

　　这条裤子不但太大，而且我穿着也不合适

　　【】

　　A. except

　　B. except for

　　C. except that

　　D. besides

　　答案：C

　　2.The suit fitted him well＿＿＿the colour was a little brighter.

　　A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides

　　答案：B

　　3. make sense讲得通；有道理 如果想表示某人所说的话或提议，没道理、行不通。我们经常说：

　　It doesn’t make any sense.

　　【】

　　Your story doesn’t make sense to me.

　　你编的故事我听不明白

　　【】I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t ___________to me.

　　A. understand

　　B. make out

　　C. turn out

　　D. make sense

　　答案: D

　　2. I have read the material several times, but it doesn't make any ________ to me.

　　A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance

　　答案：C

　　【重点句型】

　　1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.

　　每当（）发时，① Every time I catch a cold ,I have in my back .

　　我每次感冒背就痛。

　　② The first time I climbed onto the wall,I felt very nervous.

　　我第一次爬到墙上去时。感到很紧张。

　　③ She let out a cry the moment she saw the snake.

　　她一看到蛇就叫了起来

　　④ I left immediately the clock struck 5.

　　钟敲了五下我就离开了。

　　【热点难点全析】

　　过去分词作定语和表语

　　（The Past Participle as the Attribute and the Predicative）

　　分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，主要起形容词和副词的作用，可以作定语、表语或是状语等分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同，主要是在“意思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词一般有被动和完成两大特征

　　过去分词的定语和表语功能

　　定

　　语 表“完成”或“被动” boiled water开水fallen leaves落叶

　　the risen sun升起的太阳selected apples 精选苹果

　　spoken English英语口语　iced beer冰镇啤酒

　　cooked food熟食　fried chips炸土豆条

　　单个的过去分词作定语时，

　　一般放在被修饰词语之前

　　(如上例)，也可以放在所

　　修饰词语的后面 Hurry up，there is only a little time left.

　　快点，时间不多了。

　　If you wish everything changed，please say so.

　　你如果希望改变一切，请说明。

　　过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句 Near the window，there is a bookshelf filled

　　with many books(=which is filled with many books).

　　靠近窗户，有一个装满书的书架。

　　Her daughter，brought up by me(=who was brought

　　up by me)has begun to work now.

　　由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。

　　表

　　语 当“人”作主语时用过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态或思想感情等 When we heard of it，we were deeply moved.

　　当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了。

　　He seemed quite delighted at the idea.

　　听到这个想法，他似乎很高兴。

　　过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一体。分词作表语表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示被动的动作 My glasses are broken.我的眼镜碎了。(状态)

　　My glasses were broken by my son.

　　我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。(动作)

　　On the earth，70% of the surface is covered with water.地球表面70%是被水覆盖的。(状态)

　　I was greatly surprised by a knock at the door.

　　敲门声使我大为吃惊。(动作)

　　. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless______ every day.

　　A. watered

　　B. watering

　　C. water

　　D. to water

　　2．Zhuhou, _______ on the Xiang River, is an important city, second only to Changsha.

　　A. located

　　B. locating

　　C. being located

　　D. to be located

　　3. All the preparations for the work_______, we’re ready to start.

　　A. are completed

　　B. have been completed

　　C. completed

　　D. had been completed

　　4. _____ with the accident, he was forced to resign.

　　A. Concerned

　　B. Concerning

　　C. Having concerned D. Be concerned

　　5. They spent the whole night______ in the room waiting for the thief to come.

　　A. having locked

　　B. locking

　　C. locked

　　D. to be locked

　　答案：1~5 AACAC

　　【高考零距离】

　　1（201•浙江卷• T）11. "It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.

　　A. to be reserved

　　B. Living reserved

　　C. reserving D. reservedD。非谓语—过去分词。reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。

　　2（201•四川卷• T）【解析】done。故答案选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。

　　3（2011•福建卷• T23）Tsinghua University,

　　in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

　　A. found

　　B. founding

　　C. founded

　　D. to be founded

　　【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为：建立于1911年的清华大学是成就大量杰出人物的所在地。Tsinghua University(清华大学)和found(建立)之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，选C。 My mother opened drawer to_________the knives and spoons.

　　A.put away

　　B.put up

　　C.put on

　　D.put together

　　【解析】选A。考查动词词组辨析。 put away 放好，收拾起来；put up举起，搭建，张贴，挂起； put on 穿上，戴上；put together 组装，装配，把…凑合起来

　　5.（2010·山东卷·T31） 31. Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?

　　A. manage

　　B. serve

　　C. adapt

　　D. construct

　　【解析】选A。本题考查动词在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“你家里总是那么整洁-----家里有三个孩子，你是怎么设法做到的?” 表示“设法做成某事”用manage it。serve 表示“为……服务；接待”；adapt 表示“使适应，使适合”；construct表示“建造，构筑；构思”。

　　6.（2010·上海卷·T33）Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues

　　—______with her stories.

　　A. amused

　　B. amusing

　　C. to amuse

　　D. to be amused

　　【解析】选A。本题考查非谓语动词。keep+sb. /sth. +done,根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系，故选A.

　　7.（2010·四川·T4） A great number of students

　　said they were forced to practise the piano.

　　A. to question

　　B. to be questioned

　　C. questioned

　　D. questioning

　　【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作定语。question与students 存在被动关系，question表示的动作也已完成，故用过去分词。

　　8. (2006·福建卷) _______for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits．

　　A．Blaming

　　B．Blamed

　　C．To blame

　　D．To be blamed

　　【解析】选B。本题考查过去分词作原因状语。根据题意可以将原句转换为：“As Alice was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer, she was in low spirits．”选择B选项

　　【考点提升训练】

　　一、听力（略）

　　二、单项选择

　　21. 【2017届保定市高三第一次模拟】29. Prices began to climb noticeably last year，___________a historical high in November.

　　A.

　　hit

　　B.

　　to hit

　　C.

　　hitting

　　D.

　　being hit

　　22 【2017届河南省郑州市高三第二次质量预测】25. If you intend to make a tour of a big factory, you had better make an appointment _______time.

　　A. ahead of B. in case of C. in front of D. in search of

　　23. The students are busy making preparations for the lecture because they will _____ the competition .

　　A. attend

　　B. join

　　C. take part in

　　D. attend to

　　24. Plastic bags are provided for our convenience but they have also_____ the pollution of the environment．

　　A. adapted to

　　B. turned to

　　C. contributed to

　　D. looked forward to

　　25. 【2017届河北省邯郸市高三第一次模拟考试】30. Joe won the first prize on Sunday and, tears rolling down his cheeks,

　　it a turning point for him.

　　A. called

　　B. calling

　　C. having called

　　D. to call

　　26. The warm sunshine ____the coming of spring.

　　A. declares B. announces C. predicts

　　D. publishes

　　27. Please read the _______ on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.

　　A. explanations

　　B. descriptions

　　C. instructions

　　D. introductions

　　28.

　　being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill．

　　A．Apart from

　　B．As good as

　　C．In addition

　　D．As well

　　29. Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times , it didn’t make any _____

　　to me.

　　A．meaning　B．importanceC．senseD．significance

　　0.The whole situation was so complex that they could hardly make any_____ of it at all.

　　A. sense

　　B. meaning

　　C. explanation

　　D. idea

　　31. The government ______the diplomatic note from Japan for its unclear attitude to the trade between two countries.

　　A. denied

　　B. refused

　　C. rejected

　　D. objected

　　32—______either she or I fit for the job?

　　—I’m sorry to tell you that neither she nor you _____.

　　A. Is; are

　　B. Are; are

　　C. Am; is

　　D. Is; is

　　33. 桪o remember to charge tfhe battery 12 hours when you first use it．

　　—

　　.

　　A．Made it

　　B．Got it

　　C．Understood it

　　D．Remembered it

　　34. --Which one can I take?

　　--You can take ________ of them; I’ll keep none.

　　A. all

　　B. any

　　C. both

　　D. either

　　35. —Did you pass the driving test?

　　—No. I

　　it. but I had little time practising.

　　A．could have passedB．must have passed

　　C．can’t have passed D．shouldn’t have passedMichel is a young girl who works for the police

　　36

　　a handwriting expert (专家). She has helped 7

　　many criminals (罪犯) by using her special talents (天才).

　　When she was fourteen, Michel was already _8_ interested in the differences in her friends' 39 that she would spend hours

　　40 them. After 41 college she went to France for a

　　42 two-year class in handwriting at the School of Police Science.

　　Michel says that it is 3 for people at hide their handwriting. She can discover

　　44 of what she needs to know simply

　　45

　　looking at the writing with her own eyes, 46

　　she also has machines

　　47

　　help her make

　　48

　　different kinds of paper and ink. This knowledge is often

　　49

　　great help to the police.

　　Michel believes that handwriting is a good

　　50 of what kind of person the 51 is. "I wouldn't go out with a fellow

　　52 I didn't like his handwriting. " She says. But she

　　53 she fell in love with her future husband, a young policeman 54 she studied his handwriting. It is later proved to be 55 , however.

　　36 　. with . by . like 　. as

　　37 　. search 　. follow . catch . judge

　　38 　. so　. too . quite . extra

　　39

　　A. books　. letter　. tongues 　 . handwriting

　　40 　. writing 　. studying. settling 　. uncovering

　　41 　. attending . finishing 　. starting 　. stepping into

　　42 　. powerful . natural . special. common

　　43　 . main 　 . safe 　 . easy . impossible

　　44 　. most 　. nothing . little . sight

　　45 　. with 　. by . of　 　. about

　　46 　. so . for . thus 　. but

　　47　 they 　 . in which 　 . that 　. those

　　48 　. up 　. out . for 　. into

　　49　. of . to　. with 　. for

　　50 　. test 　. sign(标记)　. means 　 　 habit(习惯)

　　　. thief 　. criminal. writer . policeman

　　52 　. whether . unless . if . after

　　53　 . adds 　. tells 　. repeats 　

　　cries

　　54 　. before . after 　c. shyly . and

　　55 　necessary. all right 　. important 　. quite easy

　　四、阅读理解

　　A

　　Sir Henry Stewart was certainly successful. I asked one day, soon after he’d retired to attend his garden, what it was like to have achieved all of one’s ambitions. He looked down at his roses, and went on watering them. Then he said, “The only value in achieving one’s ambitions is that you then realize that they are not worth achieving. ” Within a moment we were back to a safe discussion on the weather. That was two years ago.

　　I recall this incident, for yesterday, I was passing his house, and had drawn up my cart just outside his garden wall. I had pulled in from the road for no other reason than to let a bus pass me. As I set there filling my pipe, I suddenly heard a shout of sheer joy come from the other side of the wall.

　　I looked over. There stood Sir Henry doing nothing less than a dance of pure unashamed delight. Even when he observed my puzzled face staring over the wall he did not seem embarrassed, but shouted to me to climb over.

　　“Come and see, Jan. Look! I have done it at last! I have done it at last!”

　　There he was , holding a small box of earth in his hand. I observed three tiny shoots out of it.

　　“And there were only three!” he said, his eye laughing to heaven.

　　“Three what?” I asked.

　　“Peach stones”, he replied. “I’ve always wanted to make peach stones grow, ever since I was a child, when I used to take them home after a party, or as a man after a banquet. And I used to plant them, and forget where I planted them. But now at last I have done it , and , what’s more, I had only three stones, and there they are, one, two, three shoots,” he counted.

　　And Sir Henry ran off, calling for his wife to come and see his achievement—the achievement of simplicity.

　　56．The main idea of this passage probably is

　　A．real joy comes from simple things． B．great achievements can bring comfort

　　C．gardening is a pleasure

　　D.

　　one’s best life comes after retiring

　　57．What was Sir Henry’s attitude towards success?

　　A．Delightful

　　B．Valuable

　　C．Worthless

　　D．Suffering

　　58．What was the writer doing when he heard the shout of joy from Sir Henry?

　　A．Repairing the pipe. B．Preparing to smoke.

　　C．Drawing up his cart. D．Staring at the garden.

　　59．What did Sir Henry do when he saw the writer?

　　A．He felt ashamed about his behavior

　　B．He invited the writer to climb over to share his joy.

　　C．He called his wife to join them.

　　D．He ran away with the three shoots

　　B

　　Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames（绰号）. Some people called him Bagamo. They said his mouth looked like a large bag. Musicians often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence（影响）on the world of music.

　　Born in 1901 in New Orleans, he grew up poor, but lived among great musicians. Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth. Armstrong often said, “Jazz and I grew up together. ”

　　Armstrong showed a great talent（天赋）for music when he was taught to play the cornet（短号）at a boy’s home. In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life of a musician. He played in parades, clubs, and on the steamboats that travelled on the Mississippi River. At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.

　　In 1922 he went to Chicago. There, the tale of Louis Armstrong begins. From then until the end of his life, Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever he went. Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song.

　　His cornet playing had a deep humanity（仁爱）and warmth that caused many listeners to say, “Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over. ”He was the father of the jazz style（风格）and also one of the best-known and most-admired people in the world. His death, on July 6, 1971, was headline news around the world.

　　60. Armstrong was called Pops because he ______.

　　A. looked like a musician

　　B. was a musician of much influence

　　C. showed an interest in music

　　D. travelled to play modern music

　　61. The third paragraph is developed ______.

　　A. by space

　　B. by examples

　　C. by time

　　D. by comparison

　　62. Which statement about Armstrong is true?

　　A. His tale begins in New Orleans.

　　B. He was born before jazz was invented.

　　C. His music was popular with his listeners.

　　D. He learned popular music at a boy’s home.

　　63. Which would be the best title for the text?

　　A. The Invention of the Jazz Music

　　B. The Father of the Jazz Style

　　C. The Making of a Musician

　　D. The Spread of Popular Music

　　（2017届·湖北省黄石二中高三适应性考试）

　　C

　　A recent Living Social survey showed that Americans may live up to their poor reputation while travelling abroad. But what’s more surprising is that many of those surveyed self-identified themselves as ‘ugly’ Americans and the world’s worst travelers.

　　Those in the U.S. ranked themselves as the worst travellers by a shocking 20 per cent, followed by 15 per cent saying the Chinese were the most substandard tourists.

　　Americans topped the list as being the worst-behaved travelers in a survey of 5,600 respondents, 4,000 of whom were Americans. Other respondents were in Australia, Canada, Ireland and the United Kingdom. But even American respondents considered their compatriots(同胞) as the worst travelers from a list of 16 nationalities.

　　Canadians and Australians also put Americans in the No. 1 spot. Irish respondents pointed to U.K. residents and U.K. respondents gave Germans the nod. On the other hand, 37% of Americans opted for "none of the above" in answer to the worst-tourists question, displaying more tolerance and open-mindedness than the other nationalities.

　　Other survey questions had respondents admitting pilfering from hotels. Four in ten U.S. survey-takers said they’d stolen something – mostly towels (28%) and bathrobes (8%). Other popular pinched items included pillows, remote controls, Bibles and sheets.

　　Not surprising is that Americans have less time off from work than other nationalities. Americans reported getting 16 days off, compared with 28 days for the Irish, 27 days for Australians, 23 days for U.K. workers; and 21 days for Canadians.

　　In the travel mishaps department, the most common travel disaster reported by Americans was lost luggage on an airline (21%)； bad weather (21%)； and getting very lost (16%).

　　As for places Americans most want to see, Disney World and Las Vegas made the top 10, but they weren't at the top of the heap. And New York didn't make the cut.

　　64. What percentage of American respondents is in the survey?

　　A.20 %

　　B.15%

　　C.71%

　　D.37%

　　65. The underlined word “pilfering” in Para. 5 most probably means ________.

　　A. taking

　　B. bringing

　　C. stealing

　　D. borrowing.

　　66. According to the survey, what kind of things are most taken away by Americans?

　　A. towels and pillows

　　B. bathrobes and remote controls.

　　C. towels and Bibles

　　D. bathrobes and towels. 67. What’s the best title of this passage?

　　A. Chinese were announced as the world’s worst travellers.

　　B. The global worst travellers were announced.

　　C. Disney World is the best destination to Americans.

　　D. European travellers were the best in the world

　　D

　　Baby girls make their way directly for dolls as soon as they can crawl, while boys will head for cars, a study has shown. The findings, the first to show differences in very young babies, suggest there is a biological basis to their preferences.

　　Psychologists Dr Brenda Todd from City University London carried out an experiment involving 90 babies aged 9 months to 36 months. The babies were allowed to choose from seven toys. Some were typically boys’ toys ---- a car, a digger, a ball and a blue teddy. The rest were girls’ toys: a pink teddy, a doll and a cooking set. They were placed a meter away from the toys；and could pick whichever toy they liked their choice and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded.

　　Of the youngest children (9 to 14 months), girls spent significantly longer playing with the doll than boys, and boys spent much more time with the car and ball than the girls did. Among the two and three-year-olds, girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it. The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with cars, which the girls barely touched. There was no link between the parents’ view on which toys were more appropriate for boys or girls, and the children’s choice.

　　Dr Brenda Todd said, “Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization. Boys may be given ‘toys that go’ while girls get toys they can care for, which may help shape their preference. But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interests in particular kinds of toys. There could be a biological basis for their choices. Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer: moving objects, probably through hunting instincts（本能）, while girls prefer warmer colors such as pink, the colour of a newborn baby.”

　　68. Baby boys and girls have different toy preferences probably because ________.

　　A. baby boys are much more active

　　B. baby girls like bright colours more

　　C. their parents treat them differently

　　D. there is a natural difference between them

　　69. Both baby boys and baby girls like to play with ________ according to the study.

　　A. a ball

　　B. a teddy

　　C. a car

　　D. a doll

　　70. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?

　　A. Nine-month-old baby boys don’t play with dolls at all.

　　B. Two-year-old baby girls sometimes play with cars and balls.

　　C. The older the babies are, the more obvious their preference is.

　　D. Parents should teach their babies to share each other’s toys.

　　71 What conclusion did Dr. Brenda Todd draw from the results of the study?

　　A. Adults purposely influence their babies’ preference.

　　B. Babies’ preference isn’t affected by social surroundings.

　　C. Baby boys preferring to moving toys will be good at hunting.

　　D. Baby girls preferring warmer colors will be warm-hearted.

　　E

　　A new argument has been put forward as to whether penguins are disturbed by the presence of tourists in Antarctica.

　　Previous research by scientists from Keil University in Germany monitored Adelie penguins and noted that the birds’ heart rates increased dramatically at the sight of a human as far as 30 meters away. But new research using an artificial egg, which is equipped to measure heart rates, disputes this. Scientists from the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge say that a slow moving human who does not approach the nest too closely, is not viewed as a threat by penguins.

　　The earlier findings have been used to partly explain the 20 per cent drop in populations of certain types of penguins near tourist sites. However, tour operators have continued to insist that their activities do not adversely affect wildlife in Antarctica, saying they encourage non-disruptive behavior in tourists, and that the decline in penguin numbers is caused by other factors.

　　Amanda Nimon of the Scott Polar Research Institute spent three southern hemisphere summers at Cuverville Island in Antarctica studying penguin behavior towards humans. “A nesting penguin will react very differently to a person rapidly and closely approaching the nest,” says Nimon. “First they exhibit large and prolonged heart rate changes and then they often flee the nest leaving it open for predators (掠夺者) to fly in and remove eggs or chicks.” The artificial egg, specially for the project, monitored both the parent who had been ‘disturbed’ when the egg was placed in the nest and the other parent as they both took it in turns to guard the nest.

　　However, Boris Culik, who monitored the Adelie penguins, believes that Nimon’s findings do not invalidate his own research. He points out that species behave differently ---- and Nimon’s work was with Gentoo penguins. Nimon and her colleagues believe that Culik’s research was methodologically flawed because the monitoring of penguins’ responses needed capturing and restraining the birds