2017届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版] 专题18 阅读理解之推理判断题

　　2017届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]

　　专题1【备考策略】

　　推理判断题要求考生在理解原文的基础上，根据文章所阐述的事实死结和上下问的按时及线索进行综合分析，然后进行判断，引申或得出合情合理的结论。因此，考生不仅要掌握文章的表层意思还要理解其深层的内涵，不仅要掌握已言明的观点和倾向，还要获得字里行间的信息。

　　此题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理、故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。考生因找准文中提供的相应的文字信息，特别是关键词语，把握作者的观点、态度或写作的目的，借助上下文的逻辑关系来判断，并能领悟文字的弦外之音。也可以借助常识或文化背景来判断。推理题在提问中常用的词有： infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。

　　推理判断常见的命题方式有：

　　We can infer from the passage that the author _____.

　　The main purpose of the survey is to ________.

　　What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

　　What would the author probably discuss in the passage that follows?

　　The underlined sentenced in the second paragraph implied that ______

　　The passage is probably taken from a _______.

　　因此，常见的推测题有：

　　一、写作意图推测题：

　　此类题型要求考生根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图及应用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或意见。这类题型不仅要求考生能理解文章的内容，而且还要具备对作者所阐述的问题及写作手法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。例如：

　　Earthquake may rightly ranked as one of the most disastrous forces known to man: since record began to be written down, it has been estimated (估计) that earthquake-related deaths have numbered in the millions, and that earthquake-related loss has been beyond calculation…

　　The great majority of all earthquake occurred in two particular areas in history…

　　It is doubtful that man will be ever be able to control earthquakes and get rid of their damage altogether .But as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man will become more and more able to deal with their possible damage before they occur.

　　Q: The author’s purpose in writing the passage probably is to ____.

　　A. inform the reader

　　B. entertain the reader

　　C. support a theory

　　D. question a theory

　　分析： 文章第一段介绍地震给人类造成的危害，第二段分析地震频发的地方，第三段分析地震预防方面的前景， 因此可以推断写作目的不是娱乐，也不是就某一理论提出质疑，而是给读者提供一些信息，教育读者。答案是A。

　　二、态度、观点判断题：

　　作者的态度、思想倾向是指对作者陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不决，对记述和描写的人、物或事件等是赞扬、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰的词语中。因此，在推理判断的过程中，因特别注意作者的措辞。例如：

　　Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news? All I read about is murder, bribery and death. Frankly, I’m sick of all the bad news.

　　Q: The author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to ______.

　　A. complain

　　B. apologize

　　C. amuse

　　D. inform

　　分析： 作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只刊登不好的资讯，如凶杀、行贿、死亡等，二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪，故最佳答案是A 。

　　三、逻辑结论题：

　　此类题是严格根据文中所陈述的事实、论点进行推理，得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的事实，然后按要求判断。例如：

　　Just as crying can be healthy, not crying — holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering — can be bad for physical (身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural

　　— and healthy — emotional response (反应).

　　61, It can be inferred from the text that ______.

　　A．there are two ways to keep healthy

　　B．crying does more good to health than laughing

　　C．crying and laughing play the same roles

　　D．emotional health has a close relationship to physical health

　　（D）

　　四、预测推断题：

　　有些题目要求考生根据语境对可能出现的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行预测推理。做这类题目应把握作者的写作思路，从而作出比较科学的预测。例如：

　　With the past in mind, preparations for 2017season included sweeping changes on both the technical and personal sides. The management at Toyota Motorsport GmbH was restructed, with John Howett moving from Toyota Motor Marketing Europe to become President, thus enabling the company founder, Ove Anderson, more time to concentrate the operation of the race team at the track. Anderson’s value as an inspirational leader was one of the team’s biggest asserts(财富) in 2017.

　　Q: What will the next paragraph talk about if the passage goes on?

　　A. Preparations for the 2006 season.

　　B. The value of Ove Anderson

　　C. How to improve the European market?

　　D. Changes on technical side

　　分析：本段第一句介绍球队备战2017赛季经历了技术和人事安排上的巨大变化，紧接着陈述集体的人事安排，因此，下问应介绍技术层面的变化，所以，正确答案是D。

　　五、细节推断题

　　要求学生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。判断推理是一种创造性的思维活动。但它并非无章可循。

　　推理判断题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，掌握文章的真正内涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础；②要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知。

　　考生做题时一定要整体理解语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去把握作者的“弦外之音”。

　　首先，考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文，仅凭个人的看法主观臆断。

　　其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件中的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。

　　第三，在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用canning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，其解题的主要依据是文章的主题思想，然后再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证（opinion and fact）、原因与结果（cause and effect）、主观点与次观点（main idea and supporting idea）。

　　〖第一招〗抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理

　　做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。

　　〖第二招〗

　　整合全文（段）信息进行推断

　　做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目有关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论，忌“见树不见林”。

　　〖第三招〗 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断

　　几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性及变化的标志性词汇或句子对我们掌握文章主旨大意，了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。

　　〖第四招〗 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度

　　作者的态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。

　　做这一类题时一定注意：

　　(1)由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，不能主观臆断，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。

　　(2)特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情、态度观点的词语。要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，悟出作者的弦外之音。

　　(3)能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。

　　人物性格、态度及观点判断题

　　〖第五招〗根据上下文的逻辑得出结论

　　逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系，对比关系来描写。必须注意的是：1、读者不可根据自己的主观臆断毫无根据地下结论；2、所得结论必须符合作者的意图。

　　〖第六招〗 结合已有的知识进行推断

　　知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都针对细节。解答此类题。不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且需要对文章细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。

　　〖第七招〗 根据文章的篇章结构去进行判断推理。

　　有些内容文章中没有明确说明，要求考生根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行预测推理。做这类题时应把握作者的写作思路(如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述)，要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。摸准逻辑发展的方向，从而作出比较科学的、合情合理的预测。

　　文章思路、结构、写作意图及

　　写作方法等推测提

　　有时题目要求考生根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图、短文组织结构及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实和形象，客观地使读者信服某种想法或意见。这种题型要求同学们不但能理解文章的内容，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的写作方法及文章结构进行归纳总结和分析的能力。

　　考点解析

　　在高考阅读理解试题中，推理判断题的考查每年都占阅读理解试题的一半左右。推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题，很多考生对此类题型的解答感到很吃力，没有把握。

　　一、题型特点与命题方式

　　既要求考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求考生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作出正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。

　　这类试题常以如下句式发问： 　

　　What can you conclude from this passage？

　　What’s the author’s attitude towards...？

　　We can infer from the passage that….

　　Which statement is (not) true？ 　

　　What is the author’s attitude towards…?

　　二、解题思路与应试技巧

　　考生做题时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。

　　首先，考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。

　　其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。

　　再次，在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。

　　针对细节的推断可运用scanning方法，迅速在阅读材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。

　　针对主题思想作推断时，其解题的主要依据是文章的主题思想，然后再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证、原因与结果、主观点与次观点。

　　下面结合最新高考试题，对推理判断题的不同类型加以解读。

　　1、抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理

　　做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。

　　【考例】63. We learn from the last paragraph that Del Monte______.

　　A. allowed other companies to develop pineapples

　　B. succeeded in keeping the pineapple for itself

　　C. tried hard to control the pineapple market

　　D. planned to help the other companies

　　【解析】C。从原文最后一段Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep the market to itself. But other fruit companies developed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help but failed. Those companies argued successfully that Del Monte’s attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out of the market.可知，Del Monte为了控制菠萝市场，想尽了一切办法，甚至不惜诉诸法律。

　　2、整合全文（段）信息进行推断

　　做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。

　　【考例】What is the purpose of the text?

　　A. To show how to enjoy fishing.

　　B. To persuade people to fish less often.

　　C. To encourage people to set fish free

　　D. To give advice on how to release fish.

　　【解析】D。文章开头部分提到“It is often necessary to release a fish”（对鱼放生是很必要的），然后就鱼放生后怎么容易存活给出了5条建议，最后得出结论：With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival. 因此，这篇文章的目的是告诉人们怎样对鱼进行放生。

　　3、利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断

　　很多文章的语境都有一定褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能在把握主旨文意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性词汇或句子，对我们掌握文章主旨文意，了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。

　　【考例】（How does the author feel about his childhood?

　　A. Happy but short.

　　B. Lonely but memorable.

　　C. Boring and meaningless.

　　D. Long and unforgettable.

　　【解析】A。文章前三段用大量的篇幅描绘孩子们在树林中自由自在玩耍的美好时光，最后一段提到突然有一天在树上玩耍时意识到已经是七年级的学生了，开始到了朦朦胧胧的青春期了，已经长大，不能再爬树玩耍了，作者的心理在这一刻发生了巨大变化，由此推知，作者感到童年是快乐的，但是又是短暂的，不知不觉已经步入青年的行列。

　　4、根据文章的结论推断作者的态度

　　作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。

　　【考例What is the author’s attitude towards Nigel’s actions?

　　A. He is mildly critical

　　B. He is strongly critical

　　C. He is in favor of them

　　D. His attitude is not clear

　　【解析】A。从第二段来看，Nigel与Alicia交朋友并帮助她的真正原因是不引起她的怀疑并力图在比赛中打败她而获得1000美元的奖金，根据最后一段来看，作者并不赞同Nigel的做法，但也没提出强烈的批评，而只是说Without her, he would never win the competition.可以看出作者对他的做法暗含批评意味。

　　5、根据上下文的逻辑得出结论

　　逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。

　　【考例】58. In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you ______.

　　A. how to keep up with the times

　　B. how to make up for lost time

　　C. how to have a good time

　　D. how to make good use of time

　　【解析】D。由文章最后一句话“what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time for our own purposes.”可以推测出下面要谈的应该是“怎样利用好时间”。

　　应注意的问题：

　　★推理判断题要求考生在理解原文的基础上，根据文章所阐述的事实细节和上下文的暗示及线索进行综合分析，然后进行判断，引申或得出合情合理的结论。因此，考生不仅要掌握文章的表层意思还要理解其深层的内涵，不仅要掌握已言明的观点和倾向，还要获得字里行间的信息。

　　此题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理、故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。考生因找准文中提供的相应的文字信息，特别是关键词语，把握作者的观点、态度或写作的目的，借助上下文的逻辑关系来判断，并能领悟文字的弦外之音。也可以借助常识或文化背景来判断。

　　推理判断常见的命题方式有：

　　We can infer from the passage that the author _____.

　　The main purpose of the survey is to ________.

　　What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

　　What would the author probably discuss in the passage that follows?

　　The underlined sentenced in the second paragraph implied that ______

　　The passage is probably taken from a _______.

　　因此，常见的推测题有：

　　一、写作意图推测题：

　　此类题型要求考生根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图及应用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或意见。这类题型不仅要求考生能理解文章的内容，而且还要具备对作者所阐述的问题及写作手法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。例如：

　　Earthquake may rightly ranked as one of the most disastrous forces known to man: since record began to be written down, it has been estimated (估计) that earthquake-related deaths have numbered in the millions, and that earthquake-related loss has been beyond calculation…

　　The great majority of all earthquake occurred in two particular areas in history…

　　It is doubtful that man will be ever be able to control earthquakes and get rid of their damage altogether .But as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man will become more and more able to deal with their possible damage before they occur.

　　Q: The author’s purpose in writing the passage probably is to ____.

　　A. inform the reader

　　B. entertain the reader

　　C. support a theory

　　D. question a theory

　　分析： 文章第一段介绍地震给人类造成的危害，第二段分析地震频发的地方，第三段分析地震预防方面的前景， 因此可以推断写作目的不是娱乐，也不是就某一理论提出质疑，而是给读者提供一些信息，教育读者。答案是A。

　　二、态度、观点判断题：

　　作者的态度、思想倾向是指对作者陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不决，对记述和描写的人、物或事件等是赞扬、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰的词语中。因此，在推理判断的过程中，因特别注意作者的措辞。例如：

　　Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news? All I read about is murder, bribery and death. Frankly, I’m sick of all the bad news.

　　Q: The author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to ______.

　　A. complain

　　B. apologize

　　C. amuse

　　D. inform

　　分析： 作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只刊登不好的资讯，如凶杀、行贿、死亡等，二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪，故最佳答案是A 。

　　三、逻辑结论题：

　　此类题是严格根据文中所陈述的事实、论点进行推理，得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的事实，然后按要求判断。例如： Just as crying can be healthy, not crying — holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering — can be bad for physical (身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural

　　— and healthy — emotional response (反应).

　　61, It can be inferred from the text that ______.

　　A．there are two ways to keep healthy

　　B．crying does more good to health than laughing

　　C．crying and laughing play the same roles

　　D．emotional health has a close relationship to physical health

　　（D）

　　四、预测推断题：

　　有些题目要求考生根据语境对可能出现的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行预测推理。做这类题目应把握作者的写作思路，从而作出比较科学的预测。例如：

　　With the past in mind, preparations for 2017season included sweeping changes on both the technical and personal sides. The management at Toyota Motorsport GmbH was restructed, with John Howett moving from Toyota Motor Marketing Europe to become President, thus enabling the company founder, Ove Anderson, more time to concentrate the operation of the race team at the track. Anderson’s value as an inspirational leader was one of the team’s biggest asserts(财富) in 2017.

　　Q: What will the next paragraph talk about if the passage goes on?

　　A. Preparations for the 2006 season.

　　B. The value of Ove Anderson

　　C. How to improve the European market?

　　D. Changes on technical side

　　分析：本段第一句介绍球队备战2017赛季经历了技术和人事安排上的巨大变化，紧接着陈述集体的人事安排，因此，下问应介绍技术层面的变化，所以，正确答案是D。

　　五年高考

　　A组

　　2017年全国高考题组

　　1.【2017 浙江 D 】

　　As a young boy, I sometimes traveled the country roads with my dad. He was a rural mill carrier, and on Saturdays he would ask me to go with him. Driving through the countryside was always an adventure: There were animals to see, people to visit, and chocolate cookies if you knew where to stop, and Dad did.

　　In the spring, Dad delivered boxes full of baby chickens, and when 1 was a boy it was such a fun to stick your finger 'through one of the holes of the boxes and let the baby birds peck on your fingers.

　　On Dad' s final day of work, it took him well into the evening to complete his rounds because at least one member from each family was waiting at their mailbox to thank him for his friendship and his years of service. "Two hundred and nineteen mailboxes on my route." he used to say, "and a story at every one. " One lady had no mailbox, so Dad took the mail in to her every day because she was nearly blind. Once inside, he read her mail and helped her pay her bills.

　　Mailboxes were sometimes used for things other than mail. One note left in a mailbox read. "Nat, take these eggs to Marian; she's baking a cake and doesn't have any eggs. " Mailboxes might be buried in the snow, or broken, or lying on the groom:. bat the mail was always delivered On cold days Dad might find one of his customers waiting for him with a cup of hot chocolate. A young wrote letters but had no stamps, so she left a few button on the envelope in the mailbox; Dad paid for the stamps. One businessman used to leave large amounts of cash in his mailbox for Dad to take to the bank. Once, the amount came to 8 32,000.

　　A dozen years ago, when I traveled back to my hometown on the sad occasion of Dad’s death,

　　the mailboxes along the way reminded me of some of his stories. I thought I knew them all, but that wasn't the case.

　　As I drove home, I noticed two lamp poles, one on each side of the street. When my dad was around, those poles supported wooden boxes about four feet off the ground. One box was painted green and the other was red, and each had a long narrow hole at the top with white lettering: SANTA CLAUS, NORTH POLE. For years children had dropped letters to Santa through those holes.

　　I made a turn at the comer and drove past the post office and across the railroad tracks to our house. Mom and I were sitting at the kitchen table when I heard footsteps. There, at the door, stood Frank Townsend, Dad's postmaster and great friend for many years. So we all sat down at the table and began to tell stories.

　　At one point Frank looked at me with tears in his eyes. " What are we going to do about the letters this Christmas?" he asked. "The letters?" 'I guess you never knew. " "Knew what?"

　　" Remember, when you were a kid and you used to put your letters to Santa in those green and red boxes on Main Street? It was your dad who answered all those letters every year. "

　　I just sat there with tears in my eyes. It wasn’t hard for me to imagine Dad sitting at the old table in our basement reading those letters and answering each one. I have since spoken with several of the people who received Christmas letters during their childhood, and they told me how amazed they were that Santa had known so much about their homes and families.

　　For me, just knowing that story about my father was the gift of a lifetime.

　　55. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer regarded his travels with Dad us_____.

　　A. great chances to help other people

　　B. happy occasions to play with baby chickens

　　C. exciting experience* with a lot of fun

　　D.

　　good opportunities to enjoy chocolate cookies

　　56. The writer provides the detail about the businessman to show that_____.

　　A. Dad had a strong sense of duty

　　B. Dad was an honest and reliable man

　　C. Dad had a strong sense of honor

　　D. Dad was a kind and generous man

　　57. According to the passage, which of the following impressed the writer most?

　　A. Dad read letters for a blind lady for years.

　　B. Dad paid for the stamps for a young girl.

　　C. Dad delivered some eggs to Marian.

　　D. Dad answered children's Christmas letters every year.

　　58. The method the writer uses to develop Paragraph 4 is______.

　　A. offering analyses B. providing explanations

　　C. giving examples D. making comparisons

　　60. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A. The Mail B. Christmas Letters

　　C Special Mailboxes D. Memorable Travels

　　【考点】日常生活类—记叙文

　　【文章大意】本文主要讲述了邮递员爸爸的简单、丰富而又充实、有趣的邮递生活，尤其是给孩子们回复给圣诞老人的邮件更是感人至深。

　　55.【答案】C

　　【试题解析】推理判断题。根据文章的前两段作者和父亲一起大家经历的所见所闻所感，可知那些是愉快的经历，故答案Ｃ符合文意。

　　56.【答案】B

　　【试题解析】推理判断题。商人把那么多钱放在邮箱里托付给爸爸存入银行，可见爸爸是一个诚实的、可以信赖的人，故答案Ｂ符合文意。

　　57.【答案】D

　　【试题解析推理判断题。根据文章最后几段对父亲给孩子们回复圣诞老人的回信的回忆的大段描述，可以推断出答案Ｄ符合文意。

　　58.【答案】C

　　【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的整体理解，可知本段主要用了举例的写作手段，故答案C符合文意。

　　60.【答案】A

　　【试题解析】文章标题题。根据文章的整体理解，本文主要讲的是邮递员爸爸的简单而又朴实的邮递生活，故答案Ａ符合文意。本题可用排除法。

　　【难度】一般

　　【长难句解析】On Dad' s final day of work, it took him well into the evening to complete his rounds because at least one member from each family was waiting at their mailbox to thank him for his friendship and his years of service. "预计今年秋季开课，一系列有两所大学的的老师开发的课程将通过一个全新S 60 million项目在网上免费提供，众所周知为：edX。Beginning也句子主语a number of courses逻辑上构成主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。Known as，过去分词作后置定语，修饰program，表被动、完成的概念。

　　2.【2017 福建 A】

　　Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work, others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes，accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales (童话）•

　　The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained €10,000 with a cutting from the Braunschtveiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag； similar plain white anonymous (）envelopes, each containing €10,000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.

　　The envelopes keep coming, and so far at least €190,000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper ’s own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the Braunschweiger Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of €500 inside , with a copy of the article. The name of the family was underlined.

　　"I was driving when I heard the news,” Claudia Neumann, the boy s mother, told DerSpiegel magazine. “I had to park on the side of the road； I was speechless. ”

　　The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible .and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.

　　“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing," Mrs. Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.

　　Henning Noske, the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, said： “Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know. ” However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.

　　56. The Braunschweiger Zeitung is the name of

　　.

　　A. a church B. a bank C. a newspaper D. a magazine

　　58. It can be inferred from the passage that

　　.

　　A. the donator is a rich old man

　　B. the donation will continue to come

　　C. the donation comes from the newspaper

　　D. the donator will soon be found out

　　59. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Money Is Raised by the Newspaper

　　B. Newspaper Distributes Money to

　　C. Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes

　　D. Robin Hood Returns to the City

　　【考点】社会现象——夹叙夹议类

　　【文章大意】本文主要讲述一个匿名英雄用信封捐钱来默默传递爱心的故事，告诉我们爱心无处不在，要学会用自己的爱来温暖身边那些需要帮助的人群，那么这个世界将会变成美好的人间。

　　56. 【答案】 C

　　【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的accompanied by an article from the local paper可推知 Braunschweiger Zeitung 是一份报纸的名字，另外在第三段第一句话有一个one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office有提示。

　　58. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话“报纸的编辑告诉记者不要找这个城市的英雄，因为担心发现后他就可能不再进行捐赠的活动”也可推知这个匿名捐赠活动还会继续下去，B项表达正确。

　　59. 【答案】 C

　　【试题解析】标题推断题。本文主要讲述用信封匿名捐赠的事情在社会引起很大反响，这个捐赠者还会继续把这个善举进行下去，用C项Unknown Hero Spreads love in Envelopes“匿名英雄用信封传递爱”最能概括文章大意。

　　【难度】一般

　　【长难句解析】For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing.

　　在每个人都想着自己的这样的社会中,还有人表现得那么无私,这是令人震惊的。

　　which引导的定语从句先行词为a society。

　　3.【2017 山东 D】

　　For those who are tired doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).

　　Strange though it may seem — “my wife already does that” was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week — Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install (安装) a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.

　　Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, it’s Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.

　　The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owners is at work or on the bus.

　　Samsung says it’s not just something new — the app connection actually has some practical uses.

　　“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.

　　The company also says that with electricity rate(电价)varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money.

　　Perhaps, b