2017英语考前冲刺Ⅲ专题08 形容词性从句

　　【高考预测】

　　1.正确区分关系代词与关系副词的用法

　　对介词后接关系代词而不接关系副词的考查介词是用which还是用whom；介词如何确定

　　关系代词as的用法

　　介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句考查重点

　　非限制性定语从句(特别是先行词是整个主句时)，由whose，where，when，that，as引导的定语从句是命题的热点.

　　【易错点点睛】

　　易错点点睛 1

　　正确区分关系代词与关系副词的用法

　　1.I Walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.

　　A. which

　　B. when

　　C. where

　　D. that

　　【错误解答】

　　B

　　语从句时，考生应分析该定语从句缺什么成分，再看先行词，然后确定是填关系代词还是关系副词；本题是道非限制性定语从句题，而且该从句中很明显缺主语，故A、B不行，C项which指代物，不能指代人，故选D。

　　【正确解答】

　　D

　　3.(2017精选模拟) I Can think of many cases

　　students obviously knew a lot of English words and ex pressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

　　A. Why

　　B. Which

　　C. as

　　D. where

　　【错误解答】

　　B

　　【错解分析】 很多同学没分析从句结构，一看先行词“cases”指物就断定选B.分析从句结构知:缺状语，再根据先行词cases(情形，情景)，根据句意“在很多情景里……”故选D.Where，也可用“in which”.

　　【正确解答】

　　D

　　【错误解答】

　　B

　　4.There were dirty marks on her trousers __ she had wiped her hands.

　　A. Where

　　B. Which

　　C. When

　　D. that

　　【错解分析】 考生没有分析出该定词从句只缺状语而不缺主语或宾语而误选B。本题【正确解答】

　　D

　　【特别提醒】

　　1.定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定词作用， 修饰名词或代词

　　2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:(1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一You should hand in all that you have.

　　(2)当先行词前面有only，any，few，little，no， all，very等词修饰时。例如:

　　This is the very book that I’m looking for.

　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.

　　(3)当先行词是形容词最高级时或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。例如:

　　This is the best that has heen wsed against pollution.

　　This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.

　　(4)当先行词是序数词或它前有一个序数词时，例如

　　This train is the last that will go to Huangzhou.

　　What is the first Anerican film that you have seen?

　　(5)当先行词既人又有物时，例如:

　　Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?

　　(6)当主句的主语是疑句词who或which时。例如:

　　Which is the bike that you lost?

　　who is the boy that won the gold medal?

　　(7)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词正用which，另外一个空用that。例如:

　　They secretly buit up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.

　　【变式探究】

　　易错点点睛 2

　　对介词后接关系代词而不接关系副词的考查；介词是用which还是用whom；介词如何确定

　　1—Why does she always ask you for help?

　　—There is no one else

　　,is there?

　　A. who to turn to

　　B. she can turn to

　　C. for whom to turn

　　D. for her to turn

　　【错误解答】

　　D或C

　　A. of which

　　B. during which

　　C. from which

　　D. for which

　　【错误解答】

　　B

　　【错解分析】 考生曲解了定语从句的含义。根据题意“这位老船员花了九个月的时间环 【正确解答】

　　C

　　4.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, __ was very reasonable.

　　A. which price

　　B. the price of which

　　C. its price

　　D. the price of whose

　　【错误解答】

　　A

　　【错解分析】 考生不知“which”不能做定语这一用法，这是非限制性定语从句。the 此类定语从句的关系代词主要有which， whom，whose。它们既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性 定语从句。学习这种定语从句时主注意以下几种情况:

　　一、注意介词的先取。在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，介词的选取应根据以下几点:

　　1.根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。例如:

　　Who is the man with whom you just shook hands?

　　The Two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.

　　2.根据定语从句意思的需要，此时前后搭配都要注意。例如:

　　He had a bad cold,because of which he didnt attend the meeting.

　　The speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition.

　　3.根据意思可用复杂介词，如by meansof，asa result of，in front of，in the back of，a11 Of，most of等，例如:

　　The instrument by means of which the temperature is measured is called thermometer.

　　There are forty students in the classroom, all of whom ae working hard at a problem in

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　In the dark street, there wasn't a person

　　she could turn for help.

　　A. that

　　B. who

　　C. from whom

　　D. to whom

　　答案: D

　　4

　　In the ofice I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.,

　　__ many people have got home.

　　A. whose time

　　B. that

　　C. on which

　　D. by which

　　答案: A

　　解析:根据句意“到下午5：30时，许多人已经到家了”，但定语从句中又用了完成时，故用介词by。

　　5

　　The teacher discussed with Jim,__ problems was poor study habits.

　　A. one of which

　　B. one of whose

　　C. whose

　　D. which

　　答案: D

　　A. of

　　B. as

　　C. to

　　D. from

　　【错误解答】

　　C

　　【错解分析】 考生不明白此题在考查as引导的限制性定语从句用法。as引导的限制性We have found such materials as are used in their factory. (作主语)

　　Such people as you describle are thought to be fools nowadys. (作宾语)

　　He is not the same man as he was. (作表语)

　　(2)...such as ...

　　这里such为代词，意思是“这样的人或物”，as在从句中担任成分，修饰先行词such。例如:

　　He turned out to be very successful,which was more than we could expect.

　　As is known to all, Edison invented the telephone.

　　2.as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主语之后。相同的是两者都可代指主句的整个内容，而不是主句中的某一个词。例如:

　　He turned out to be very successful,which was more than we could expect.

　　As is known to all, Edison invented the telephone.

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　That Passenger was very impolite to the conductor,__ of course, made things even 【难点突破】

　　难点 1

　　介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句考查点重点

　　1.The gentleman __ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.

　　A. who

　　B. about whom

　　C. whom

　　D. with whom

　　【解析】 tell sb/of sb/sth (向某人讲述……)故介词用about或 of ；先行词为 gentleman 指人，故用 whom，所以选B。

　　【答案】

　　B

　　2.We will be shown around the city:schools, museums, and some other places,

　　other visitors seldom go.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. when

　　【解析】 本题是考查where 引导的非限制性定语从句，在从句中做地点状语。

　　【答案】 C

　　【变式探究】

　　1

　　Our language classes include a lot about the culture of the country __ language we are studying.

　　A. which

　　B. whose

　　C. whatever

　　D. whichever

　　答案: B

　　解析:whose引导的定语从句，whose与country存在所属关系。

　　2

　　Who is the girl __ is hurrying to school?

　　A. who

　　B. whom

　　C. that

　　D. which

　　答案: C

　　2

　　There are two buildings,

　　stands nearly a hundred feet high.

　　A. the larger

　　B. the larger of them

　　C. the larger one that

　　D. the larger of which

　　答案: D

　　解析:“介+关系代词”引导的定词从句。

　　3

　　I work in a business __ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

　　A. how

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. that

　　答案: C

　　解析:where引导的定语从句，在从句中做地点状语。

　　4

　　Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,

　　, of course, made the others envy him.

　　A. who

　　B. that

　　C. what

　　D. which

　　答案: D

　　解析:which引导非限制性定语从句，作主语。

　　5

　　is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.

　　A. It

　　B. As

　　C. That

　　D. What

　　答案: B

　　解析:as引导的非限制性定语从句“正如……”。

　　6

　　George Orwell, __ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.

　　A. the real name

　　B. what his real name

　　C. his real name

　　D. whose real name

　　答案: D

　　9

　　Luckily,we’d brought a road map without __ we would have lost our way.

　　A. it

　　B. that

　　C. this

　　D. which

　　答案: D

　　解析:without a road map，故用without which引导。

　　10

　　A fast food restaurant is the place

　　,just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.

　　A. which

　　B. where

　　C. there

　　D. what

　　答案: B

　　解析:关系副词where作地点状语。

　　11

　　There were dirty marks on her trousers

　　__ she had wiped her hands.

　　A. where

　　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. that

　　答案: A

　　解析:同上。

　　12

　　The factory produce half a million pairs of shoes every

　　year,80% __ are sold abroad.

　　A. of which

　　B. which of

　　C. of them

　　D. of that

　　答案: A

　　解析:80%of them...，故用of which引导。

　　13

　　I can think of many cases __ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but

　　couldn’t write a good essay.

　　A. why

　　B. which

　　C. as

　　D. where

　　答案: D

　　解析:关系副词where作地点状语。

　　14

　　We will be shown around the city: schools, museums,

　　and

　　some

　　other

　　places,

　　other

　　visitors

　　seldom go.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. when

　　答案: C

　　解析:同上。

　　15

　　The film brought the hours back to me __ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

　　A. until

　　B. that

　　C. when

　　D. where

　　答案: C

　　解析:关系副词when作时间状语。

　　16

　　__ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

　　A. It

　　B. As

　　C. That

　　D. What

　　答案: B

　　解析:as引导的非限制性定语从句。

　　17

　　He’s got himself into a dangerous situation __ he is likely to lose control over the plane.

　　A. where

　　B. which

　　C. while

　　D. why

　　答案: A

　　解析:关系副词where作地点状语。

　　18

　　Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,

　　, of course, made the others unhappy.

　　A. who

　　B. which

　　C. this

　　D. what

　　答案: B

　　解析:which引导非制性定语从句，作从句的主语。

　　19

　　It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,

　　for the first time in years their team won the World up.

　　A. that

　　B. while

　　C. which

　　D. when

　　答案: D

　　解析:关系副词when作时间状语。

　　20

　　The news __ is spreading around the airport is

　　__ a heavy storm is coming.

　　A. what,/

　　B. that; that

　　C. /; that

　　D. that; which

　　答案: B

　　解析:关系代词that充当从句的主语不可省略。

　　21

　　The mystery __ has puzzled a lot of people is sill unsolved.

　　A. which

　　B. what

　　C. whom

　　D. who

　　答案: A

　　解析:which作定语从句的主语，先行词为mystery.

　　22

　　Xiao Wang works for a factory __ makes com puters.

　　A. where

　　B. what

　　C. which

　　D. in which

　　答案: C

　　解析:同上。

　　23

　　My

　　former

　　classmate

　　came

　　hack

　　to

　　the

　　school

　　he studied.

　　A. on which

　　B. where

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　答案: B

　　解析:where引导的表地点的定语从句。

　　24

　　Do you know the girl to __ your class teacher is talking?

　　A. that

　　B. whom

　　C. who

　　D. which

　　答案: B

　　解析:talk to sb.故用to whom引导定语从句。

　　25

　　I’ll never forget the day

　　I joined the League.

　　A. when

　　B. in which

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　答案: A

　　解析:关系副词when作时间状语。

　　26

　　The model driver is looking for a lady __ purse was left in the car this morning.

　　A. who

　　B. whose

　　C. that

　　D. which

　　答案: B

　　解析:本定语从句缺关系代词whose修饰purse.

　　27

　　The reason

　　he did not attend was that hewas ill.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. why

　　D. for

　　答案: C

　　解析:从句中缺表原因的关系副词故用why引导。

　　28

　　Some people don’t know who can mend such a lamp __ has gone wrong.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. /

　　D. as

　　答案: D

　　解析:shch…as.

　　29

　　The golden rule about anything __ works by electricity is to switch off before you touch A. that

　　B. which

　　C. who

　　D. this

　　答案: B

　　解析:本从句缺主语，先行词为company，that不可引导。

　　32

　　The food __ we eat seems to have a great effect on our health.

　　A. /

　　B. whose

　　C. what

　　D. when

　　答案: A

　　解析:作宾词的关系代词可省略。

　　33

　　With the new methods __ been perfected,cameras can take pictures of the underwater valleys, even in colour.

　　A. which has

　　B. that has

　　C. have

　　D. that have

　　答案: D

　　解析:本句关系代词作主词并且缺部分谓语，先行词为复数。

　　34

　　Yehudi Menuhin is a violinist __ playing is known all over the world.

　　A. who

　　B. his

　　C. whose

　　D. /

　　答案: C

　　解析:关系代词whose修饰playing.

　　35

　　Sometimes there is an answer sheet

　　letters or numbers are printed.

　　A. which

　　B. on which

　　C. that

　　D./

　　答案: B

　　解析:on an answer sheet，故用on which引导。

　　36

　　The student has only to circle the one with the correct answer.

　　A. which

　　B. whose

　　C. /

　　D.that

　　答案: D

　　解析:先行词为the one时，一般用关系代词that引导。

　　37

　　Do you know the essays of Francis Bacon,

　　lived about the same time as A. that has

　　B. that have

　　C. whom

　　D. who have

　　答案: D

　　解析:those who...，谓词用复数。

　　40

　　Some of the things __are stamps and dolls.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. whose

　　D. who

　　答案: A

　　解析:先行词为some，根据规定用that

　　41

　　We looked back over all __ happened during the past year, to ourselves, to our city and to the world.

　　A. which has

　　B. that have

　　C. that has

　　D. which have

　　答案: C

　　解析:先行词为all(指物)，引导词为that，谓语用 单数。

　　42

　　The large room __ fully decorated.

　　A.in which

　　B. which

　　C.that

　　D./

　　答案: A

　　解析:in the large room，故用in which引导。

　　43

　　There are little tables

　　people may sit when they are not dancing.

　　A. in which

　　B. on which

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　答案: B

　　解析:on the table，故用on which引导。

　　44

　　Most of the jokes __ told by comedians are soon forgotten.

　　which was

　　B.that was

　　C. were

　　D.that were

　　答案: D

　　解析:先行词为复数名词jokes.

　　45

　　They are not as perment

　　the saying ot wise peopleo are. ones.

　　A. as

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D./

　　答案: A

　　解析:as...as.

　　46

　　The most important roads paved with large stones.

　　A. are

　　B.is

　　C.that are

　　D.which

　　are

　　答案: C

　　50

　　Who_ seen the film doesn’t admire it?

　　A. who has

　　B. who have

　　C. that has

　　D. that have

　　答案: C

　　解析:本句的先行词是who为避免重复，故用that。

　　Ⅱ.完型填空

　　In the water around New York city isa very small island

　　51

　　Liberty Island. On Liberty Island there is a very spe- cial

　　52

　　called the Statue of Liberty. It is one of the

　　53

　　famous sights in the world.

　　54

　　Statue of Liberty was a gift

　　55

　　the people of France to the people of the

　　51. A. on

　　B. connected

　　C. in

　　D. called

　　答案: D

　　解析:过去分词作定语，表被动含义。

　　52. A. statue

　　B. monument

　　C. tower

　　D. castle

　　答案: A

　　解析:根据下文的statue of Liberty可知

　　53. A. more

　　B. less

　　C. most

　　D. much

　　答案: C

　　解析:the most构成最高级。

　　54. A. My

　　B. A

　　C. Any

　　D. The

　　答案: D

　　解析:从上文 “the Statue of Liberty”可知。

　　55. A. in

　　B. at

　　C. from

　　D. to

　　答案: C

　　解析:from“来自”，即来自法国人民的礼物

　　56. A. of

　　B. by

　　C. from

　　D. after

　　答案: B

　　解析:by+动作的发出者。

　　57. A. system

　　B. bridge

　　C. recognition

　　D. evolution

　　答案: A

　　解析:system“系统，体系”。

　　58. A. as

　　B. who

　　C. which

　　D. whom

　　答案: B

　　解析:who引导定语从句修饰the man作主语。

　　59. A. Paris

　　B. London

　　C. Tokyo

　　D. Washington

　　答案: A

　　解析:根据常识Eiffel Tower Tij Paris可知。

　　60. A. means

　　B. refers

　　C. supplies

　　D. deserves

　　答案: A

　　解析:mean“意思是……”。

　　61. A. praise

　　B. command

　　C. examine

　　D. celebrate

　　答案: D

　　65. A. rebuilt

　　B. rewritten

　　C. repeated

　　D. repaired

　　答案: A

　　解析:“rebuild”与上文的“take apart”呼应。

　　66. A. a

　　B. many

　　C. the

　　D. this

　　答案: C

　　解析:the public公众，民众。

　　67. A. So

　　B. Such

　　C. Whom

　　D. As

　　答案: D

　　解析:As you might expect，“正如你所期望的……”

　　68. A. bottom

　　B. top

　　C. building

　　D. hall

　　答案: A

　　解析:离顶部还有168步台阶。

　　69. A. walk

　　B. sing

　　C. sail

　　D. stride

　　答案: A

　　解析:walk up...to...走近。

　　70. A. which

　　B. who

　　C. where

　　D. that

　　答案: C

　　Anne lives in a small town. She is fond of

　　surfing the Internet. In general speaking,she

　　71_

　　_

　　答案: 解析:去掉speaking

　　spent about an hour a day on line. To her,it is 72_

　　_

　　答案: 解析:“spent”改为“spends”

　　a wonderful place because you never know that

　　73_

　　_

　　答案: 解析:“that”改为“what”

　　it may have in store for you. Last Friday,she

　　74_

　　_

　　答案: 解析:√

　　found an e-pal,that called himself “Future.”

　　75_

　　_

　　答案: 解析:“that”改为“who”

　　They promised to keep touch with each other.

　　76_

　　_

　　答案: 解析:“keep”后加“in”

　　And she was warned against him by her parents.

　　77

　　答案: 解析:“And”改为“But”

　　“What will it lead to?” she asked. “A happy ending.”78_

　　答案: 解析:“she”改为“they”

　　Anne answered and continued typing,paid no

　　79_

　　答案: 解析:“paid”改为paying”

　　attention to them. One month past,and a man

　　80_

　　called “Future” was arrested by the police!

　　答案: 解析:“past”改为“passed”