2016届高考英语二轮复习分项训练（通用版）： 第1部分 专题3语法填空和短文改错 5专题针对训练（含答案）

　　[专项训练]单(2015·高考陕西卷改编)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress____________(thank)all the people who had helped in her career.

　　解析：句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖之后继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生go on后接to do或doing作宾语均可但是go on doing sth.表示“继续做同一件事”而go on to do sth.则表示“继续做另一件事”。由语境可知在拿奖后又继续做另一件事即“感谢所有帮助过她的人”故用go on to do sth.。答案：to thank(2015·高考浙江卷改编)Listening to music at home is one thing____________(perform) live is quite another.

　　解析：句意：在家听音乐是一回事去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另一回事。题干中含有“hear＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐故应用being performed作宾语补足语。答案：being performed(2015·高考重庆卷改编) ____________(raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow解析：句意：因为他是在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区被抚养大的所以他走了一段很长很艰辛的路才成为一位足球明星。句子的主语he和raise是被动关系答案：Raised(2015·高考重庆卷改编)Like ancient sailors____________(use) the sun and the stars.

　　解析：句意：就像古代的水手鸟能利用太阳和星星辨别路。birds与use是逻辑上的主谓关系并且usefind同时发生故用现在分词作状语。答案：using(2015·四川省名校联盟测试改编)—The garage_____________(build) outside the hospital annoys the doctors and patients terribly.解析：句意：——医院外正在建设中的车库严重影响到了医生和病人。——事实上我们不知道什么时候被建完。根据句式结构可知本题考查非谓语动词作定语。the garage与build之间为被动关系根据下文可知车库正在建设当中故用现在分词的被动式。答案：being built (2016·湖南师大附中月考改编)____________(wait) for the bus for thirty minutes解析：句意：等了三十分钟公交车后他失去了耐心开始焦虑起来。wait的动作发生在谓语动作之前且与主语he之间为主动关系故填Having waited在句中作原因状语。答案：Having waited____________(repair)，so the workers are required ____________(get) ready.

　　解析：句意：这些电脑需要修理因此这些工人被要求做好准备。sth.require(s) doing/to be done表示“某事需要被做”；sb.be required to do sth.意为“某人被要求做某事”。答案：repairing/to be repaired；to get____________ (put) so much money into the stock market，and decided to sell some instead of ____________(hold)all of them.

　　解析：句意：我父亲后悔把那么多钱投到股市上最终决定卖掉一部分而不是全握在手里不放。regret doing表示“后悔做过某事”；此处instead of为介词短语故后接动名词作宾语。答案：putting；holdinganagers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____________(carry) out the next year.

　　解析：句意：经理们讨论了明年有望得以实施的那项计划。that they would...next year为定语从句修the plan。先行词在从句中作see的宾语该句为“see＋宾语＋宾补”句式与carry out之间为动宾关系故用过去分词作宾补。答案：carried____________(settle)，the manager felt like a rat on hot bricks.

　　解析：句意：因为有许多难with复合结构与settle之间为被动关系且“解决难题”发生在将来故用不定式作宾补这里不定式用主动表被动含义表示将要发生的动作。答案：to settle____________(devote) to her job，Ms.Wang has no time to be with her daughter.

　　解析：be devoted to(doing) sth.为固定短语意为“致力于(做)某事”强调主语所处的状态。答案：Devoted____________(get) good grades.

　　解析：句意：每天要放松一下自己否too...to do...句型意为“太……而不能做……”设空处用动词不定式作结果状语。答案：to get____________(compare) with the train’s 28 hours.

　　解析：句意：马走这一段路要用6天与之相比火车要用28个小时。本题compared with为习惯搭配与……相比”不受主句主语的影响。答案：compared14．When you’re learning to play the piano，____________(have)a good teacher makes a big difference.

　　解析：句意：在你学弹钢琴时有一位好老师会起到很大的作用。根据句式结构可知本题考查动名词答案：havinga?

　　—There are so many troublesome problems remaining ____________(settle)．解析：句意：——琳达你为什么看上去不开心？——因为有许多棘手的问题有待解决。remain to do sth.意为“尚待……；留待……”与problems之间为被动关系故用不定式的被动式。答案：to be settled单句改错(2015·高考陕西卷·短文改错) I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.解析：句意：我也许得再退休一次能吃到更多的饼干。由语境可知此处要用动词不定式作目的状语。答案：get前加to(2015·高考陕西卷·短文改错) My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!解析：分析句子结构可知连接两个并列成分介词of后是复合宾语故用动名词形式。答案：enjoy—enjoying(2016·高考四川卷·短文改错) It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.____________________________________________________________________

　　解析：want后接不定式作宾语。答案：在want后加to(2015·高考四川卷·短文改错) We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars._________________________________________________

　　解析：考查spend time (in)doing sth.结构意为“花费时间做某事”此处省略了介词in。答案：sing—singing(2015·高考浙江卷·短文改错)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.解析：使役动词make后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补即make sb.do sth.表示“使某人做某事”所以felt改为feel。答案：felt—feel(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ·短文改错)After looks at the toy for some time解析：介词after后面跟形式故用looking。答案：looks—looking7．With a lot of work do，I decided not to play with you.　解析：句do的动作还没有发生在with的复合结构中如果作宾补的动作还未发生常用不定式的主动形式。答案：do前加to解析：句意：以情绪而不是原因做出一个重要的决定你迟早会为此后悔的。sb.base(s) sth.on sth.某人把……放在……的基础之上。句子主语you与动词base构成主动关系故使用现在分词形式。答案：Based—Basing________________

　　解析：句意：为了实现目标一个人不仅需要知识而且需要好的个性这是毫无疑问的。在that引导的同位语从句中to achieve作目的状语故加to。答案：在achieve前加to_____________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：我打电话是想询问关于电视资讯中登的那个职位的信息。advertise与被修饰词position之间为被动关系故用过去分词作定语。答案：advertising—advertisedto have an entirely different word order from Chinese.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：翻译成英语之后这句话the sentence与translate之间为被动关系故用过去分词作状语。答案：Translating—Translated解析：句意：迈克尔把姚明的画像挂在床边目的是提醒自己记住自己的梦想。本句为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构与remind之间为动宾关系故用过去分词作宾补。答案：reminding—reminded_________________________

　　解析：句意：在找一些私人文件时我意外看到了一个装有一些老照片的相册。album和contain之间为主谓关系故用现在分词作定语相当于which contained。答案：contained—containing解析：句意：尤其重要的是我已经明白微笑是解决任何问题的关键。此处to为介词后接动名词形式构成短语the key to doing sth.意为“做……的关键”。答案：solve—solvingalways kept silent in oral class to avoid make mistakes.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　解析：句意：起初我avoid doing sth.为固定搭配意为“避免做某事”故此处应用动名词形式。答案：make—making[高考模拟]语法填空(2016·甘肃兰州市高三实战考试)阅读下面材料在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。m waterborne

　　1.____________ (disease)．And drought regularly causes suffering in some of the world’s poorest countries.The world needs to respond much better.We need to increase

　　water

　　efficiency____________ (especial)

　　in agriculture.We need to free women and girls 3.____________

　　the daily chores of 4.____________ (carry) water，often over great distances.We must involve them in decision­making on water management.We need to make sanitation a priority.This is where progress is lagging (落后) most.And we must show that water resources need not be a source of conflict.Instead(催化剂) for cooperation.Significant gains have been made.But still a major effort 5.____________ (require)．That is why this year 6.____________ (mark) the beginning of the“Water for Life Decade”．Our goal is 7.____________ (meet) the internationally agreed targets for water and sanitation by 2015，8.____________

　　to build the foundation for further progress in the years beyond.

　　This is 9.____________

　　urgent matter of human development，and human dignity.Together，we can provide safe，clean water to all the world’s people.The world’s water resources are our lifeline for 10.____________ (survive)，and for continuous improvement in the 21st century.Together，we must manage them better.

　　【解题导语】　水对于生命来说是必不可少的。每年有许多儿童死于由水传播的疾病如何让整个人类和谐共享优质的水作者给出了建议并发出了号1．解析：考查名词。disease既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词故此处应填disease或diseases。 答案：disease(s)解析：考查副词。此处修饰空后的介词短语因此应该用副词形式。答案：especially解析：考查介free sb.from...“使某人摆脱……”可知此处应填介词from。 答案：from解析：考查非谓语动词。介词后面应该用动名词所以填carrying。答案：carrying解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。根据整篇文章的时态及still的提示可知此处应用一般现在时；由于句子的主语与require之间在逻辑上是动宾关系主语为“a major effort”所以用一般现在时的被动语态is required。答案：is required解析：考查时态及主谓一致。根据本句的is可知此处应用一般现在时；由于主语是this year为单数因此应填marks。答案：marks解析：考查非谓语动词。此处8空后的不定式to build并列。答案：to meet解析：考查连词。此处应用and连接两个并列的非谓语动词。答案：and解析：考查冠词。这是人类发展与人类尊严的一件紧迫之事。此处表示泛指“一件”因此用不定冠词an。答案：an考查名词。世界水资源是我们生存的生命线。介词for后面应用提示词的名词形式作其宾语。答案：survival短文改错(2015·河南省郑州市高中毕业班第二次质量预测)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。删除划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dear Mandy，

　　I’m not doing well in my lessons at school，especial in maths.My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university.He thinks I’m lazy，but it’s not true.I work really hard，often study late into the night！I’ve tried to talk to my motheryear.When I told my dad，all he said was，“You mustn’t waste your time in art.You must focus your mind on your lessons！”I’m feeling quite puzzling about what to do now.Would you please help me out?答案： in maths.My dad says I must try hard because he wants me

　　go to university.He thinks I’m lazy，but it’s not true.I work really hard，often

　　late into the night！I’ve tried to talk to my mother I have to work as hard

　　my brother does.My brother doesn’t study very hard， he always gets excellent grades.It’s not fair!

　　The only thing I like

　　is art.My teacher says I’m the best student she’s had for .When I told my dad，all he said was，“You mustn’t waste your time

　　art.You must focus your mind on your lessons！”I’m feeling quite