第3课
倒装:倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。
谓语部分所有单词都放在主语前是全部倒装。谓语的一部分放在主语的前面是部分倒装。
谓语中的一部分通常是指:1、系动词;2、助动词;3、情态动词。
全部倒装的五条原则:
1. There be句型;
2. 以There或now开头的句子,且句子谓语动词为come或go;
There you go again. 你又去那里了。
3. 以Here开头的句子,且句子谓语动词为系动词be; Here you are. 拿去。
4. 以副词out, in, up, down, away开头的句子;
在2、3、4前提下,如果句子的主语是代词则用陈述句语序。
5. 以状语开头的句子。
部分倒装的六条原则:
1. so放在句首时表示承前肯定,这个句子用部分倒装;
nor, neither放在句首时表示承前否定,句子也用部分倒装;
2. 省略了引导词if 的虚拟条件从句,可以把从句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一个提到从句最前面的位置,构成部分倒装;
3. as, though表示尽管时引导从句,从句中的表语可以置于引导词之前构成部分倒装;
系动词后面的部分就是表语,形容词、名词、名词性短语可以置于系动词之后。
例如:She is beautiful. They are students.
四级考试中出现的是由动词的过去分词转变的形容词作表语的形式。
26. _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.
A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published
当题干是as引导一个从句,且as前为一个空格时他表示的就是尽管,空格处要填的就是表语。
being published 正在被出版; to be published 将要被出版。
此句恢复正常语序应为: As it was published at such a time
4. 表示否定含义的单词或短语放在句首,句子用部分倒装;
常见的一些表示否定含义的单词:never, little, few, hardly , scarcely ;
seldom 难得,不常;nowhere 哪里都不。
常见的一些表示否定含义的短语:in no way 决不; on no account 决不;
under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不。
5. only + 状语放在句首,句子用部分倒装;
43. Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.
A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted
C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen
freshmen 新生; make up for 弥补,补偿; make-up tests 补考。
6. 注意两个表达形式:come what may 无论发生什么情况; say what you will 畅所欲言。
-------------------------1991-06-------------------------
强调句式的补充内容:被强调部分是疑问词时的情况。
60. When I try to understand _C_ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.
A why it does B what it does C what it is D why it is
prevent sb. from doing sth. 妨碍某人做某事。
强调部分本为: it is what that prevents so many
又因为句中有疑问词,应写为: what is it that prevents so ...
但强调句式在句中作宾语成分,故正确写法为: what it is that
50. I like watching TV _C_ to the cinema.
A more than to go B than going C more than going D rather than to go
than 除构成固定短语外就要与比较级搭配,不会单独出现; rather than + 动词原形;
平行结构,遇到平行结构时应做的两步:
1 找出连接词,2 使要填部分与已给出的对应部分形式完全一样。
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