2016届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解一百四十集选练：（26）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解一百六十集选练（26）及（解析）答案

　　阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　The Renaissance，considered by modern scholars to have been the time between 1,300 and 1,600，was a period of European history when many new inventions and beliefs came into being.

　　The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan，and Venice.In these cities businessmen started to spend their extra money on things like painting and education，and to consider new techniques of banking and systems of government.A new type of scholar，the humanist(人文主义者)arose.Humanism was concerned with humankind and culture.Latin and Greek，literature and philosophy，music and mathematics were among the subjects humanists studied.

　　The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and

　　sculpture.During

　　the

　　Renaissance，artists were no longer regarded as mere artisans(工匠)．Many artists drew on mathematics in order to become more accurate in their measurements(度量)and to make sure an object was presented in realistic proportions.They also studied the way light hits objects and the ways our eyes perceive it.A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.

　　The Renaissance affected all of the society.Many people became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.The effect on religion was especially strong.In the Middle Ages people were primarily concerned with serving the church and getting to heaven.But the increase in arts

　　and education gave

　　people things to look forward to in life，and made them lose interest in the church.

　　The

　　Renaissance

　　produced

　　many

　　great minds.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.Among his many works of art were Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.He is also regarded as a great inventor，and is credited for coming up with the idea of the helicopter.

　　1. According to the second paragraph，the Renaissance________.

　　A．occurred all over Europe

　　B．started in Italy

　　C．influenced art，finance，and physical education

　　D．was the most popular in Florence

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan and Venice.”可知，文艺复兴运动始于意大利，所以正确答案为B项。

　　2．Which of the followings took place during the Renaissance?

　　A．People stopped going to church.

　　B．New forms of painting emerged.

　　C．Oil paint became very popular.

　　D．The humanists disappeared.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture.”及“A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.”可知，油画这种新的绘画形式在文艺复兴时期出现了，所以正确答案为B项。

　　3．We can learn from the passage that________.

　　A．during the Renaissance many explorers and map­makers appeared

　　B．businessmen started the Renaissance

　　C people's interest in education declined

　　D．the humanists took power during the Renaissance

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段及第四段的“Many peopole became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.”可知，在文艺复兴时期出现了许多探险家、商人和制图师，所以正确答案为A项。

　　4．Which of the following statements about Leonardo da Vinci is NOT true?

　　A．He created The Last Supper.

　　B．He was a great inventor.

　　C．He was the first to imagine the helicopter.

　　D．Many people of his time considered him a genius.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.”可知，莱奥纳多·达·芬奇在他所生活的时代并没有被认为是天才，所以正确答案为D项。

　　5．What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?

　　A．The Renaissance in Europe.

　　B．The birthplace of the Renaissance.

　　C．The effects of the Renaissance.

　　D．Some famous artists in Europe.

　　答案：C　主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了文艺复兴给整个社会所带来的影响，以及这个时期社会上所出现的新现象。

　　A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean，an S­shaped body of water covering 33 million square miles.The Atlantic has，in a sense，replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization.Unlike real inland seas，which seem strangely still，the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.

　　“Storm at Sea”，a short poem written around 700，is generally regarded as one of mankind's earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.

　　When the wind is from the west

　　All the waves that cannot rest

　　To the east must thunder on

　　Where the bright tree of the sun

　　Is rooted in the ocean's breast.

　　As the poem suggests，the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves，impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise—it is forever thundering，boiling，crashing，and whistling.

　　It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath－perhaps not so noticeably out in mid­ocean，but where it meets land，its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach.It mimics(模仿)nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature.It is filled with symbiotic existences，too：unimaginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony，giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat，a kind of sub­ocean vitality.And it has a psychology.It has personalities：sometimes peaceful and pleasant，on rare occasions rough and wild；always it is strong and striking.

　　．Unlike real inland seas，the Atlantic Ocean is ________.

　　A．always energetic

　　B．lacking in liveliness

　　C．shaped like a square

　　D．favored by ancient poets

　　解析　细节理解题。从第一段中的“Unlike real inland seas，which seem strangely still，the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.”可知，liveliness(精力充沛，活跃)与energetic近义，故答案为A项。

　　答案　A．What is the purpose of using the poem “Storm at Sea” in the passage?

　　A．To describe the movement of the waves.

　　B．To show the strength of the storm.

　　C．To represent the power of the ocean.

　　D．To prove the vastness of the sea.

　　解析　推理判断题。从诗歌下面的一段“As the poem suggests，the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves，impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise－it is forever thundering，boiling，crashing，and whistling.”可知，这首诗主要向我们描述了海洋的强大力量。

　　答案　C．What does the underlined word “symbiotic” mean?

　　A．Living together.

　　B．Growing fast.

　　C．Moving harmoniously.

　　D．Breathing peacefully.

　　解析　词义猜测题。划线单词所在的句子后边用了冒号，后边的内容是对前边句子的解释，从下文“unimaginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony”中的mix within等字眼可知，划线单词意为“共生的”，故A项符合要求。

　　答案　A．In the last paragraph，the Atlantic is compared to ________.

　　A．a beautiful and poetic place

　　B．a flesh and blood person

　　C．a wonderful world

　　D．a lovely animal

　　解析　推理判断题。从最后一句“It has personalities：sometimes peaceful and pleasant，on rare occasions rough and wild；always it is strong and striking.”中可以看出，大西洋有个性：有时安静，有时野蛮等，把这些用来描绘人的词汇用来描写大西洋，所以此处把大西洋比喻成了一个有血有肉的人。

　　答案　B阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。When Luca first heard of the Island of Inventions, he was still very young. But its wonders sounded so incredible that they were forever burned in his memory. From that moment, he never stopped searching for clues which might lead him to the island. He read hundreds of adventure books, histories, volumes of physics and chemistry, even music.

　　Over time, he pieced together his idea of what the Island of Inventions was like. It was a secret place, where all the great wise men of the world would meet to learn and invent together. Access to the island was totally restricted. To join, you had to have created some great invention for humanity. Only then could you receive the special invitation — which came with directions to the island.

　　So Luca spent his youth studying and inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention, and if there were something he didn't understand, he’d seek others to help him. Soon he met other young inventors and he told them about the Island of Inventions. They too dreamed of one day receiving an invitation letter.

　　As years passed, the disappointment of not receiving their invitation made Luca and his friends work harder and co-operate more. They would meet in Luca's house, share their ideas and build new machines. Their inventions became known throughout the world, and improved the lives of millions.

　　But still, no invitation came.

　　They didn’t lose heart. They continued learning and inventing every day, trying to come up with more and better ideas. Fresh young talent joined their group, as more inventors dreamed of getting to the island.

　　One day many years later, Luca, already very old, was speaking with a brilliant young man named Roberts, who had written to him, asking him to join the group. Luca started telling the man of the wonderful Island of Inventions, and of how he was sure that some day they would receive an invitation. Surprised, the young inventor interrupted: “You mean this place isn’t the Island of Inventions? Isn't the letter you sent me the real invitation?”

　　It was only then that Luca realised that his dream had become true in his very own house. No island could exist which would be better than where he was now. No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one.

　　1. Why did Luca and his colleagues probably never receive an invitation to the island?

　　A. Their ideas were not considered worthy enough.

　　B. They were too concerned with acquiring fame.

　　C. The organization had already broken up.

　　D. The island was not a real place.

　　2. What did Luca learn at the end of the story?

　　A. The island of inventions did not exist.

　　B. He had wasted most of his life.

　　C. He had unknowingly built his own dreamland.

　　D. He finally would receive his invitation.

　　3. Which of the following best describes Luca?

　　A. Aggressive.

　　B. Trusting.

　　C. Creative.

　　D. Easy-going.

　　参考答案1—3、DCC

　　【阅读理解】科普知识类

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I. Q. , a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it’s purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same birthday.

　　This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary know-ledge of her field. She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.

　　Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practising in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into a room—dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.

　　The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour.

　　1. The passage mainly deals with　.　

　　A. the function of I. Q. in cultivating a writer

　　B. the relationship between genius and success

　　C. the decisive factor in making a genius

　　D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction

　　2. By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could　.　

　　A. come to understand the inner structure of writing

　　B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday

　　C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes

　　D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security

　　3. In the girl’s long painstaking training process, 　.　

　　A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success

　　B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance

　　C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements

　　D. she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write

　　4. What can be concluded from the passage?

　　A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success.

　　B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.

　　C. As to the growth of a genius, I. Q. doesn’t matter, but just his/her efforts.

　　D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.

　　【参考答案】1—4、CABD