12月29日,备受瞩目的故宫“文物医院”宣布正式落成启用。故宫文物医院是目前中国国内面积最大、功能门类最完备、科研设施最齐全、专业人员数量最多的文物科技保护机构。
A state-of-the-art conservation center to "treat" ancient cultural relics in disrepair opened at Beijing's Palace Museum on Thursday.
国内水平最高的失修古文物保护修复中心29日在北京故宫启用。
The base, informally called the Relic Hospital, covers 13,000 square meters and boasts the nation's most-advanced restoration workshops, said Shan Jixiang, the museum's director.
故宫博物院院长单霁翔表示,故宫文物医院建筑面积1.3万平方米,拥有国内最先进的修护工作室。
故宫“文物医院”(Relic Hospital)整体划分为六大区域,分别是科技保护区(scientific and technological protection)、分析检测区(analysis and testing )、书画修护区(painting and calligraphy restoration)、综合工艺修护区(comprehensive treatment)、综合艺术品修护区(comprehensive artwork restoration)、金属钟表修护区(metal clocks restoration);从功能上划分为文物科技实验室(technological lab)、文物修护工作室(relics restoration workshops)和文物保护管理与展示宣传(management and display of relic conservation)三部分。
故宫文物医院专家表示,文物保护修复学科与医学相比,的确有许多相似性。因此,一件“有病”的文物在故宫文物医院的治疗程序也跟病人在医院看病的程序类似。
首先,文物在这里要建立文物保护修复档案(conservation and restoration file),即文物“病历”,保留文物的原始信息与人工干预信息。
接着,要借助现代科学仪器,针对文物的病害进行科学诊断(diagnosis with the help of advanced equipment)。故宫博物院为这座全新的文物修复中心配备了世界上最先进的文物“诊疗”设备,如文物专用CT机(CT machine for relics)、显微观察设备(device for microscopic observation)、材料分析设备(device for material analysis)、无损探伤设备(non-destructive inspection machine)等。
然后,文物医生需要结合保护修复工艺展开科学研究(scientific study on relic restoration),同时要预防可能对文物造成影响的环境因素、自然因素及人为风险,将影响文物的危害因素降到最低。
未来,故宫文物医院将向公众开放(the relic hospital will be open to the public),广大观众可以预约观摩文物修复过程,与文物修复“医生”进行交流。
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