水与我们的生活息息相关,那么关于水,都有哪些表达呢?
先来看一下潘基文2013年世界水日致辞节选。
This is the International Year of Water Cooperation, and World Water Day 2013 is dedicated to highlighting the joint efforts necessary to ensuring a fair share for people and planet.
今年是国际水合作年,2013年“世界水日”旨在强调需要共同努力,确保人民和地球能够公平分享水资源。
可见世界水日的表达方式为:World Water Day
再来看一则Water Ink ,Clément Beauvais为世界水日创作的绘画公益短片中的内容。
Water may seem harmless, colorless, odorless, transparent.
水也许看似无害、无色、无味、透明。
Water may seem harmless, but it kills millions of people every year all around the world, just like that, silently, quietly. When only a little bit of ink can reveal this terrible truth.
水也许无害,但它每年在全世界残害数以百万计的人们,就像那样子,无声的、寂静的。然而只有些许的墨水能够揭开这可怖的真相。
Dirty water is the leading cause of death in the world. Journalists, help us spread to the world.
污水是全世界死亡原因之首。记者们,帮我们宣传。
这边用了隐喻(metaphor)的修辞手法,隐喻是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征,用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词,只是在暗中打比方。这里把污水(dirty water)比作a little bit of ink(些许墨水)。很生动精致的比喻~
根据上面的公短片的描述,可见水是生命之源,却也大有隐患。可谓水能载舟,亦能覆舟。
看几则关于威尼斯水灾的资讯报道。
Nearly three quarters ofVenicewas flooded on Monday and tourists swam inSt Mark's Squareas a wave of bad weather swept through northern and centralItaly, forcing the evacuation of 200 people from their homes inTuscany.
由于意大利北部和中部地区遭遇恶劣天气,本周一威尼斯四分之三的地区遭遇水灾,游客在圣马丁广场游泳,托斯卡纳区也有近200人离家疏散。
A barrier to protect the city from repeated winter flooding, which has been planned for decades, is due to be finished by 2015.
用来保护该市免于屡次受到冬季水灾困扰的防洪工程已经计划了几十年,将于2015年修建完成。
“It was constructed to hold back theIllinois Riverso that this ground would not become a flood plain.
“建造它的目的是阻挡伊利诺斯河,以免这片土地不会成为泛滥的平原。
资讯节选中出现了三次flood,分别是:was flooded ,这边flood作为动词的被动语态出现,是被淹没的意思;a flood plain.这里flood用作名词,flood作名词的话,有“洪水、泛滥”等意思。这里用来修饰plain(平原),译为泛滥的平原。这边是以名词直接修饰另一名词,其作用是和形容词相似的。winter flooding,最后flooding是以flood的现在分词出现的。那么flooding又是什么意思呢?很显然在原文中 winter flooding被译为水灾。因为flooding作为名词也有泛滥的意思。
补充关于关于水问题的词汇:
水污染 water pollution
干旱期 dry spells
暴雨水 storm water
旱涝droughts and flooding
世界水日是为了保护地球水资源,解除我们国家以及全世界缺水的状态。日渐深入人心的世界水日,它的主题也越来越具有时代性,不妨来了解近十年的主题。
2005年的主题是:“生命之水”(water for life);
2006年的主题是:“水与文化”(water and culture);
2007年的主题是:“应对水短缺”(water Scarcity );
2008年的主题是:“涉水卫生”(international year of sanitation);
2009年的主题是:“跨界水——共享的水、共享的机遇”(transboundray water-the water sharing, sharing opportunities);
2010年的主题是:“关注水质、抓住机遇、应对挑战”(Communicating Water Quality Challenges and Opportunities);
2011年的主题是:“城市水资源管理”(water for cities);
2012年的主题是:“水与粮食安全”(Water and Food Security)。
2013年的主题是: “水合作”(Water Cooperation)
『2013年3月22日是第21届“世界水日”,第26届“中国水周”的宣传活动同日也将拉开帷幕。2013年我国纪念“世界水日”和“中国水周”活动的主题是“节约保护水资源,大力建设生态文明”。当前,公众对于确保饮水安全,遏制水污染,破解用水短缺等问题非常关注。』
2014年的主题是:水与能源”(Water and Energy)。
『 联合国确定2014年“世界水日”的宣传主题是“水与能源”(Water and Energy)。水利部确定2014年我国纪念“世界水日”和“中国水周”活动的宣传主题为“加强河湖管理,建设水生态文明”。』
2015年世界水日的主题是:“水与可持续发展”(Water and Sustainable Development)
When it comes to the protection of water, People may know about the importance of doing it, but few people know about that March 22 is the world water day. The world water day aims to call up people’s attention to protect the fresh water and enhance the people’s awareness of water crisis. In China, the government stipulates that the last week of March is the Chinese water week. The main theme of this year is water and energy.
当提到保护水资源时,人们都知道其重要性,但是只有少数人知道每年的3月22日是世界水日。世界水日旨在号召人们保护水资源和让人们意识到水资源的紧缺的危机。在中国,政府规定3月的最后一周为“中国水周”。
Due to water, the living being can exist on earth. Water sustains human life and the environment. But with the rapid development of human society, the fresh water can hardly meet the needs of people in some areas. According to the least data, more than one billion people cannot have clean fresh water. What’s worse, the surface and groundwater pollution is increasing rapidly. The main reason of water shortage is the rapid growth of population. People use different ways to get water, the water sources are being stretched to their limits. Another reason is that some factories pour dirty water into the rivers or lakes and make pollution. Thus there is less pure fresh water on the earth.
因为水,世界上的生物才得以生存。水维持了人类的生命和所生存的环境。但是随着人类社会的快速发展,淡水已经很难满足人们的需求了。根据最新的调查显示:超过10亿人喝不到干净的水。更加糟糕的是,地表和地下水污染也日趋严重。缺水的主要原因是人口的快速增长。人们用不同的方式去开采水资源,使其接近匮乏的边缘。其他原因是一些工厂直接把污水排放到河流和湖泊里面,导致了淡水被污染。因此,地球上的水资源越来越少。
It needs international cooperation and worldwide awareness to solve the problems of water shortage. Every ordinary people should realize the importance of water protection and save water. The government should take some effective measures to protect the water. Such as build more systems to clean-up the water, and collect the rainwater. Only in these ways, we can sustain our life.
解决水资源短缺的问题需要全球的合作和提高人们的环保意识。让每个普通人明白了解到保护水的重要性。政府理应采取有力措施来保护水资源。例如建造更多的净化水系统,收集雨水等等。只有这样,我们才能生存下去。
水和我们的日常生活密切相关,因此英语中也就有了很多与水有关的短语。
来看看下面这些说法,你会用吗?
1.Hot water在习语中常用比喻义(=trouble)
To be in hot water/in deep water:陷入困境
例句:Water und Life is like a shower. One wrong turn and you're in hot water. 生活就像淋浴,方向转错,水深火热。
2.under the bridge:已成往事
例句:Don't bring it up again. It's water under the bridge.
3.To hold water:(理论、计划等)证明合理,说得通
例句:His plan doesn't hold water.
4.Water and oil: 水火不容
例句:The two are like oil and water. They don't get along.
5.Draw water in/with a sieve(=pour water into a sieve):竹篮打水一场空
6.In low water:缺钱,经济拮据
7.In smooth water:处于顺境中;日子好过
8.No safe wading in an unknown water(=Wade not in unknown waters):
不知水深浅, 千万莫轻涉
9.Still waters run deep (=Smooth waters run deep):
静水流深;沉默者深谋
10.Water finds its level:水往低处流
关于水的表达,你学会了吗?
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