定语从句的种类在英文中,有两种定语从句:限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别:
限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性;有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如:
Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nations in which they are located .为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展,热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。
Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow. 洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。
They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。
非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散,它与主句之间有一个逗点","隔开;它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉,也不会影响句子意思。
由于上述原因,非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外,非限定性定语从句在中文译文里,我们往往将其作为一个分句处理,而不把它作定语翻译。
例如:
Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .(此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。)更早之前,巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图,但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。
The combination of satellites, which transmit information , computers , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an education and entertainment center .(此句中,三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词:satellites ,computers和television进行补充、说明。
如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句,那么句子可简化为:The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .)卫星能传输信息,计算机能储存信息,电视能显示信息,把这些手段结合起来可以使每个家庭都成为教育娱乐的中心。
The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .(此句中,非限定性定语从句是对全句进行补充、说明,将全句表达的意思看成"一件事情)。太阳给予大地热,这就使植物的生长成为可能。
The old man has a son , who is in the army .(此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明。但本句所传达的信息是:"这位老人只有一个儿子" 。
如果将此句改写成限定性定语从句:The old man has a son who is in the army . 那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。那么,限定性定语从句就要对先行词son进行限定、修饰。这样一来,句子所传达的信息就变成了:"这位老人有一个儿子在部队工作,还有其他的儿子在干别的工作"。)那位老人有一个儿子,他在部队工作。
The Communication Barrier Between Parents and Children 父母和孩子间的沟通障碍
国际英语资讯:Commentary: G20 has vital leading role in moment of dual global crises
My Travel Plan in Shanghai 上海之旅计划
蚊子会传播新冠病毒吗?专家是这么说的……
Different Means of Travelling 旅游方式
忽然,我们都唱起歌儿
Protecting Local Culture 保护本土文化
我的小卧室
国际英语资讯:World Bank to grant Benin 50 mln USD to mitigate COVID-19 impacts
帮妈妈想办法
体坛英语资讯:Athletic Club legend Aduriz to retire with immediate effect
Miranda Kerr’s Engaged 米兰达可儿订婚啦
国内英语资讯:Forum in commemoration of signing of UN Charter held online
The Plus Size Model 大号模特
体坛英语资讯:Roy Makaay impressed with Lewandowski form
蚯蚓真有趣
国内英语资讯:China to adjust leadership structure for reserve forces
国内英语资讯:China urges Pompeo to spend some time on managing domestic affairs before pointing finger at
国际英语资讯:Egypts FM, U.S. secretary of state discuss GERD, regional issues
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier stresses stabilizing foreign trade, investment
巧“捞”菜刀
国际英语资讯:France holds delayed municipal elections, Macrons party faces challenge
放风筝
疫情期间,法国仍举行大型音乐节
疫情期间戴着口罩做运动?那可能很危险!
国内英语资讯:China Focus: China mulls new amendment to criminal law
国内英语资讯:Chinese lawmakers deliberate draft national security law for Hong Kong in group discussions
国际英语资讯:Ugandan party officials say Chinas people-centered philosophy key to development
Write Down Things 记事
国际英语资讯:Singapore to permit resumption of tourism businesses
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |