新概念英语第二册语法精解：主谓一致(下)

知识要点：

在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。还未学习过主谓一致上篇的同学戳此去看哦>>

12、有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience(听众，观众), government等作主语时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式;如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：

1)My family is going to have a long journey. 我家要进行一次长途旅行。

2)My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜欢音乐。

3)The class has won the honour. 这班获得了荣誉。

4)The class were jumping for joy. 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。

13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如：

1)All of the apple is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。

2)All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。

3)Most of the wood was used to make furniture(家具)。

14、the + 形容词(或分词)作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：

1)The young are usually very active. 年轻人通常是很活跃的。

2)The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。

15、or, either…or…, neither…nor…, whether…or, not only…but (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。如：

1)Either you or I am going to the movies.

2)Not only you but also he is wrong.

16、不可数名词没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：

1)Water is a kind of matter.

2)The news at six o’clock is true.

17、集合名词如：people, police, cattle等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：

1)The police are searching for him.

2)The cattle are grassing(吃草).

18、population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式;当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。如：

1)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.

2)One third of the population here are workers.

19、the number of + 名词复数，是表示“……的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式;a (large/great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，作主语时;谓语动词用复数形式。

1)The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.

2)A number of students have gone for an outing.

20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

【专项训练】

1、Nothing but cars ______ in the shop.

A.is sold B.are sold C.were sold D.are going to sell

2、No one except Jack and Tom ______ the answer.

A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.are known

3、Seventy percent of the students in our school ______ from the countryside.

A.is B.are C.comes D.are coming

4、______ of the money ______ used up.

A.Three-five, are B.Three-fifths, have been

C.Three-fifths, has been D.Third-fifths, is

5、The number of the people who ______ cars ______ increasing.

A.owns, are B.owns, is C.own, is D.own, are

6、One of Marx’s works ______ written in English in the 1860s.

A.was B.were C.would be D.are

7、The sheets for your bed ______ washing.

A.needs B.are needing C.want D.are wanting

8、On each side of the street ______ a lot of trees.

A.stands B.grow C.is standing D.are grown

9、Some person ______ calling for you at the gate.

A.are B.is C.is being D.will be

10、All that can be eaten ______ eaten up.

A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been

KEYS

1、A 因有连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人称单数。见讲解4。

2、B 见讲解4。

3、B 见讲解2。

4、C 见讲解16。

5、C 定语从句看被修饰的先行词：the number of作主语用单数形式。见讲解9，19。

6、A 见讲解1。

7、C 见讲解2。

8、B 倒装句，要看后面的主语。见讲解3。

9、B some person指“某人”是第三人称单数。见讲解13。

10、B 主语"all"指的是"food"，所以代不可数名词，是第三人称单数。见讲解13。