六级阅读主旨题答题技巧及实战演练(24)

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　　主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力，要求在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心思想，体会作者的主要写作意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。

　　(一)出题形式：主旨大意题命题形式主要有三大类：一类是概括中心思想(main idea)型;一类是确定文章标题或主题(topic / title / headline)型;还有一类是询问文章的写作目的(purpose)。

　　1) What would be the best title for the text?

　　2) What is the topic of the text?

　　3) Which of the following best expresses the main idea?

　　4) The best title / headline for this passage might be ______.

　　5) The author s main purpose in writing the passage is ______.

　　6) Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?

　　7) Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

　　8) The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.

　　9) The title that best expresses the main idea of the passage is ______.

　　(二)答案位置：大部分文章都有主题句(topic sentence)，主题句表达了文章的中心思想(main idea)，找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。因此， 主题句定位法 是解答主旨大意题的一种行之有效的方法。主题句呈现形式通常有以下几种：

　　1)在开头出现;

　　2)在结尾出现;

　　3)在开头和结尾同时出现，首尾呼应;

　　4)有些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。

　　(三)实战演练

　　24 Some people think they have an answer to the problems of automobile crowding and pollution in large cities. Their answer is the bicycle, or bike .

　　In a great many cities, hundreds of people ride bicycles to work everyday. In New York City, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike fie a Better City. They claim that if more people rode bicycles to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city and therefore less dirty air from car engines.

　　For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bicycle riders. For example, they want the city to paint special lanes for bicycles only on some of the main streets, because when bicycle riders must use the same lanes as cars, there may be accidents. Bike foe a Better City feels that if there were special lanes, more people would use bikes.

　　But no bicycle lanes have been painted yet. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea. Taxi drivers don t like the idea they say it will slow traffic. Some store owners on the main streets don t like the idea they say if there is less traffic, they will have less business. And most people live too far from downtown to travel by bike.

　　The government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. On weekends, Central Park---the largest open space in New York is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown. Until that happens, the safest place to bicycles may be in the park.

　　The main idea of the passage is to show_________.

　　A the problems of automobile crowding and pollution in large city,

　　B bike for a Better City s answer to the problems of automobiles

　　C a great many bike riders in New York City.

　　D the city government s decision about bicycle lanes.