Newspapers have been published in the modern world for about four hundred years. Most of the newspapers printed today are read in Europe and North America. However, soon they may be read in all parts of the world, thanks to the new inventions that are changing the techniques of newspaper publishing.
Electronics and automation have made it possible to produce pictures and text far more quickly than before. Photographic reproduction eliminates the need for type and printing presses. And fewer specialists, such as type-setters, are needed to produce a paper or magazine by the photo-offset method. Therefore, the publishing of newspapers and magazines becomes more economical. Furthermore, photo-copies can be sent over great distances now by means of television channels and satellites such as Telstar. Thus, pictures can be brought to the public more quickly than previously.
Machines that prepare printed texts for photo-copies are being used a great deal today. Thousands of letters and figures of different sizes and thicknesses can now be arranged on a black glass disc that is only eight inches in diameter, to be printed in negative form. The disc on the machine turns constantly at the rate of ten revolutions a second. A beam of light from a slroboscopic lamp shines on the desired letters and figures for about I wo-millionths of a second. Then the image of the letters and figures that were illuminated is projected onto a film through lenses. The section of film is large enough to hold the equivalent of a page of text. There is a keyboard in front of the machine that is similar to the keyboard of a typewriter, and the machine operator has only to strike the proper keys for the image of the corresponding letters to be immediately transferred to the film. The negative image on the film can quickly be transferred onto paper. This method makes it as easy to reproduce photographs and illustrations as it is to reproduce the text itself.
Film, being light and small, can be sent rapidly to other places and used to print copies of the text where they are needed. Film images can also be projected easily on a movie or television screen. Television broadcasts are limited to an area that is within sight of the sending station or its relay . Although television relays are often placed on hills and mountains so that they can cover a wider region, they still can not cover more land than one could see from the same hilltop on a clear day. However, the rays also go out into the atmosphere, and if there is a relay station on a satellite that revolves around the earth, it can transmit the pictures to any point on the earth from which the satellite is visible. Three satellites permanently revolving over the equator transmit any television program to any part of the earth. This makes it possible for world editions of newspapers to give the news in all countries at the same time. Some day it may be possible for a subscriber to a televised newspaper to press a button and see a newspaper page on his television screen. He could also decide when he wants the page to turn, and, by dialling different numbers such as those on a telephone dial, he could choose the language or the edition of the paper he wants to read. It seems strange to think that, even today, methods of the past are not entirely useless. For example, sometimes press agencies that use radio and Telstar use carrier pigeons to send messages between offices in large cities because the pigeons are not bothered by traffic problems.
It may be some time before television sets become common in the average homes in Africa and Asia. However, radio is already rapidly becoming accessible to thousands of people in these areas. And, now that good radios are being made with transistors, and their price is gradually dropping because of mass production, it may not be too long before radios become commonplace in areas which have no newspapers. Transistors make it possible for people to carry small radios wherever they go, without need of electric current. Even television sets are now operating on transistors, and the pocket TV may soon be as widespread as the pocket radio.
国内英语资讯:Mekong countries vow to boost Lancang-Mekong cooperation with China
国内英语资讯:Chinese inactivated COVID-19 vaccine starts phase-3 clinical trials in Argentina
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier raises proposals to enhance Lancang-Mekong cooperation
国内英语资讯:Syria flies back 150 stranded in Qatar amid COVID-19 pandemic
娱乐英语资讯:Daily China box office sales hit 200 mln yuan
国内英语资讯:Construction going well on China-Laos railway
国内英语资讯:China punishes nearly 16,000 officials for frugality violations
国内英语资讯:Panda twins born in northwest China
联合国报告:全球三分之一儿童无法进行远程学习
国内英语资讯:Chinese coast guard cruises North Pacific for fisheries law enforcement
国内英语资讯:Xi Focus: Xi stresses long-term perspective in economic, social planning
国内英语资讯:Top political advisor stresses improving national governance
国内英语资讯:China urges U.S. to stop making waves in South China Sea
揭秘:人的个性会随着年龄增长而改变吗?
应对疫情冲击 日本新干线乘客海鲜一起运
国内英语资讯:China, Vietnam pledge peaceful, friendly border of common development
国内英语资讯:China, France vow to uphold multilateralism
体坛英语资讯:Uruguay beat Paraguay to win Copa America
娱乐英语资讯:China launches 5-year archaeology project on earliest dynasty
国内英语资讯:Xi Focus: Xi stresses reform and opening up, quality development during Anhui inspection
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier stresses social assistance for peoples well-being
体坛英语资讯:NFL, players agree to new collective bargaining agreement
国内英语资讯:China supports TikTok using legal weapons to defend its interests
国内英语资讯:Mainland testing team assembled in Hong Kong to assist COVID-19 fight
国内英语资讯:Flooding kills 6 in Turkeys Black Sea province
国内英语资讯:Xi Focus: Xi stresses building new modern socialist Tibet
国内英语资讯:Chinese political advisors contribute insights on water use
国内英语资讯:U.S. FDA issues EUA for convalescent plasma as potential promising COVID-19 treatment
体坛英语资讯:Spain books last-eight berth at FINA worlds
国内英语资讯:China sets up committee for written works copyright protection
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |