Answer B is supposed to be the wrong one. Its an example of what psychologists call denial, a defence mechanism that minimizes uncomfortable information. Denial, they have argued, is stupid, self-defeating and ultimately dangerous.
But research is showing that answer B is a faster route to recovery. Denialof a certain sort and at certain timescan be healthy. Of course, you do need to pay attention to some unpleasant facts. The trick is to know when its helpful to worry and when its counterproductive.
Out-and-out denial may be the best approach to surgery, according to Richard S. Lazarus, professor of psychology at the University of California at Berkeley. With Frances Cohen, Lazarus studied 61 patients about to undergo operations . In general, patients followed one of two mental strategies; avoidance or vigilance.
Typically, avoiders had not discussed their surgery in detail with anyone, didnt want to know about it and didnt dwell upon its risks.
In contrast, vigilant types were alert to every detail. Many sought out articles about their disorders. They wanted to know the risks of surgery, the risks if surgery was not performed, the surgical procedures, the potential complications and the likelihood of recurrence.
When Lazarus and Cohen compared the two groups after surgery, they found that avoiders got on much better. They had a lower incidence of postoperative complications such as nausea , headache, fever and infection. The net result: they were discharged sooner.
One reason may be that their denial make room for hope, or at least for a positive outlook, even under the grimmest of conditions. Never deny the diagnosis, but do deny the negative opinion that may go with it, advises Norman Cousins, author of Anatomy of an Illness and The Healing Heart. Why? Because grim warnings about diseases come from statistics on the average case. Cousins believes that most patients, given hope and determination, have a good chance to transcend the averages.
Adds Dr. Hackett: Deniers see the machines theyre hooked up to as helping them to get well, not as a sign of a badly functioning heart. Those who feel most positive about their ability to get well tend to do better than those who fear and worry more.
Infer vs conclude 两个易混词
Limit 和 restrict 的区别
Parcel, sack, box 包裹类词语
Work your socks off 拼命干活
Different types of hats 各种帽子的英文说法
Simple, innocent, naive, pure 四个近义词的区别
Football and soccer 两个词的区别
Europa moon 'spewing water jets' 木卫二表面“喷射出水汽”
Restrain 和 constrain 的区别
Ditch 和 abandon 之间的区别
Connection and link 两个表示“关系”的单词
Spectacle, view, sight, vision, scene, scenery 几个词的区别
Butterfly numbers drop a mystery, say experts 英国蝴蝶数量下降现象令专家费解
At sixes and sevens 乱七八糟
Labour, labourer, workforce, worker 与“工作”相关的四个单词
Have your feet on the ground 脚踏实地
Different types of ‘tissue’ 不同种类的“纸巾”
Appreciate 和 recognise 之间的区别
Passion and enthusiasm 两个词的区别
Dictionary and other words 与“词典”相关的近义词
Acknowledge and admit 两个表示“承认”单词的区别
Emperor/empress 和 king/queen 的区别
Improving your vocabulary 增加词汇量
Greetings after a short break 小别后的问候
Distinct 和 distinctive 之间的区别
Distinguished 和 distinguishable 之间的区别
Been to vs gone to 语法辨析
Double, treble, triple, quadruple 英语中表示倍数的单词
Take part in, join in, participate, attend 四个表示“参加”的单词或短语
Shade or shadow? “阴”和“影”的区别
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