英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析（十八）

　　69. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers.

　　【分析】本句为并列句。句子主干为Not only has the highway system affected the economy, it has led to the growth。not only but also 句型属并列结构，意为 不仅 而且 ，but also 可以省略。 not only 在句首，句子谓语要用部分倒装语序。

　　【译文】公路系统不但通过提供运输路线影响美国经济的发展，还带动了一批诸如加油站、汽车旅馆、酒店、购物中心等相关行业的发展。

　　70. An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices.

　　【分析】 本句为简单句。句子主干为mother has abilities and faces choices。on the other hand是插入结构，分隔了主语和谓语，意为 另一方面 。

　　【译文】从另一方面来讲，一位受过教育的母亲，有更多在外赚钱的本事，并且能面对一系列完全不同的选择。

　　71. His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists.

　　【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为 results have surprised psychologists。to be presented in April 是不定式短语作定语，修饰 results。

　　【译文】他的研究结果令一些心理学家非常吃惊，他将在四月份奥地利维也纳举行的人机互动交流大会上为大家展现。

　　72. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives，provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为economics provides guideposts。介词短语 with its emphasis on incentives 是 economics 的伴随状语，分隔了主句的主语和谓语。that引导定语从句，修饰 guideposts。why引导宾语从句，作 explanation for 的宾语。

　　【译文】因为本身强调激励作用，经济学对于大多数女孩被剥夺受教育权利的原因作出了解释。

　　73. Many in-home jobs that used to be done primarily by women ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing voluntary work still need to be done by someone.

　　【分析】 本句为复合句。句子主干为 jobs need to be done。 that 引导定语从句，修饰 jobs。 ranging from to voluntary work 是现在分词短语作定语，也修饰 jobs。

　　【译文】许多过去主要由妇女做的家务活，例如购物、准备晚饭、做义务家务，现在仍然需要有人完成。