The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the America economic system.
The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
新概念英语第三册英音版 07-Mutilated Ladies
新概念英语第三册英音版 30-The Death of a Ghost
新概念英语第三册英音版 16-Mary Had a Little Lamb
新概念英语第三册英音版 05-The Facts
新概念英语第三册英音版 41-Illusions of Pastoral Peace
新概念英语第三册英音版 14-A Noble Gangster
新概念英语第三册英音版 19-A Very Dear Cat
新概念英语第三册英音版 37-The Westhaven Express
新概念英语第三册英音版 31-A Lovable Eccentric
新概念英语第三册英音版 02-Thirteen Equals One
新概念英语第三册英音版 09-Flying Cats
新概念英语第三册英音版 47-Too High a Price
新概念英语第三册英音版 32-A Lost Ship
新概念英语第三册英音版 08-A Famous Monastery
新概念英语第三册英音版 23-One Man’s Meat is Another Man’s Poison
新概念英语第三册英音版 38-The First Calendar
新概念英语第三册英音版 26-Wanted a Large Biscuit Tin
新概念英语第三册英音版 20-Pioneer Pilots
新概念英语第三册英音版 15-Fifty Pence Worth of Trouble
新概念英语第三册英音版 21-Daniel Mendoza
新概念英语第三册英音版 03-An Unknown Goddess
新概念英语第三册英音版 34-A Happy Discovery
新概念英语第三册英音版 48-The silent village
新概念英语第三册英音版 06-Smash-and-Grab
新概念英语第三册英音版 50-New Year Resolutions
新概念英语第三册英音版 45-The Power of the Press
新概念英语第三册英音版 10-The Loss of the Titanic
新概念英语第三册英音版 28-Five Pounds Too Dear
新概念英语第三册英音版 17-The Longest Suspension Bridge in the World
新概念英语第三册英音版 12-Life on a Desert Island
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