In the last 12 years total employment in the United Statesgrew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any country from 82to 110 million between 1973 and 1985 that is, by a full one third. The entiregrowth, however, was in manufacturing, and especially in no blue-collar jobs
This trend is the same in all developedcountries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced in Japan. It is therefore highlyprobable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States andJapan will employ no larger a proportion of the labor force I n manufacturingthan developed countries now employ in farming at most, 10 percent. Today theUnited Statesemploys around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturingindustries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. Insome major industries the drop will be even sharper. It is quite unrealistic,for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ morethan one third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even thoughproduction might be 50 percent higher.
If a company, an industry or a country does notin the next quarter century sharply increase manufacturing production and atthe same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope toremain competitive or even to remain developed. The attempt to preservesuch blue collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment
This is not a conclusion that Americanpoliticians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understandor accept. What confuses the issue even more it that the United Statesis experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturingeconomy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capitalfor manual labor. Where we spoke of mechanization a few decades ago, we nowspeak of robotization or automation. This is actually more a change interminology than a change in reality. When Henry Ford introduced the assemblyline in 1909, he cut the number of man hours required to produce a motor carby some 80 percent in two or three years far more than anyone expects toresult from even the most complete robotization. But there is no doubt that weare facing a new, sharp acceleration in the replacement of manual workers bymachines that is, by the products of knowledge.
1.According to the author, the shrinkage in themanufacturing labor force demonstrates______.
A.the degree to which a countrys production is robotized
B.a reduction in a countrys manufacturing industries
C.a worsening relationship between labor and management
D.the difference between a developed country and a developing country
2.According to the author, in coming 25years, a developed country or industry,in order t remain competitive, ought to ______.
A.reduce the percentage of the blue-collar work force
B.preserve blue collar jobs for international competition
C.accelerate motor can manufacturing in Henry Fords style
D.solve the problem of unemployment
3.American politicians and labor leaders tend to dislike_____.
A.confusion in manufacturing economy
B.an increase in blue collar work force
C.internal competition in manufacturing production
D.a drop in the blue collar job opportunities
4.The word prescription in a prescription for unemployment may be theequivalent to ______
A.something recommended as medical treatment
B.a way suggested to overcome some difficulty
C.some measures taken in advance
D.a device to dire
5.This passage may have been excepted from ________
A.a magazine about capital investment
B.an article on automation
C.a motor-car magazine
D.an article on global economy
答案:AADCD
6月英语六级优秀范文背诵(16)
预测6月英语六级考试写作:关掉你的手机
6月英语六级作文预测:幸福感
英语六级写作12句法:问题解决型模板
12月英语六级作文预测:莫言获诺贝尔奖
英语六级写作12句法:图表类作文模板
英语六级写作万能结尾句型模板
6月英语六级作文预测
6月英语六级作文模板范文:挑战与改变
英语六级写作12句法:说明原因型模板
12月英语六级作文预测:社交网络
备战6月英语六级写作点睛之笔200句之61-80
高效备战六级考试:六级作文加分句型30组
吉林:英语六级考试作文解析
备战6月英语六级写作点睛之笔200句之21-40
石雷鹏:四六级写作"功能段落法"示例
备战6月英语六级写作点睛之笔200句之1-20
大学英语六级作文万能句型
大学英语六级作文必备范文:申请职位
英语六级写作12句法:提纲式写作模板
英语六级写作12句法:现象解释型模板
6月英语六级优秀范文背诵(21)
12月英语六级作文预测:世界末日前如何度过
预测6月英语六级考试写作范文:外商投资
12月英语六级作文预测:幼儿早教
12月英语六级作文预测:在校大学生结婚
老师支招四六级备考冲刺:写作常见问题解析
12月英语六级作文预测:考公务员热
英语六级作文预测:幸福感
英语六级作文预测:社交网络
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |