英语专四阅读模拟习题(成长与家庭危机)

　　Parents are often upset when their children praise the homes of their friends and regard it as a slur on their own cooking, or cleaning, or furniture, and often are foolish enough to let the adolescents see that they are annoyed. They may even accuse them of disloyalty, or make some spiteful remark about the friends parents. Such a loss of dignity and descent into childish behavior on the part of the adults deeply shocks the adolescents, and makes them resolve that in future they will not talk to their parents about the place or people they visit. Before very long the parents will be complaining that the child is so secretive and never tells them anything, but they seldom realize that they have brought this on themselves.

　　Disillusionment with the parents, however good and adequate they may be both as parents and as individuals, is to some degree inevitable. Most children have such a high ideal of their parents, unless the parents themselves have been unsatisfactory, that it can, hardly hope to stand up to a realistic evaluation. Parents would be greatly surprised and deeply touched if they realized how much belief their children usually have in their character and infallibility, and how much this faith means to a child. If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.

　　The adolescent, with his passion for sincerity, always respects a parent who admits that he is wrong, or ignorant, or even that he has been unfair or unjust. What the child cannot forgive is the parents refusal to admit these charges if the child knows them to be true.

　　Victorian parents believed that they kept their dignity by retreating behind an unreasoning authoritarian attitude; in fact they did nothing of the kind, but children were then too cowed to let them know how they really felt. Today we tend to go to the other extreme, but on the whole this is a healthier attitude both for the child and the parent. It is always wiser and safer to face up to reality, however painful it may be at the moment.

　　1. According to the passage, children would arouse parents disappointment for

　　A. admiring their friends homes.

　　B. talking back to their parents.

　　C. complaining home-made dishes.

　　D. making some spiteful remark.

　　2. When adolescents feel disillusion with their parents, it means that they

　　A. feel disappointed with their parents.

　　B. are developing into maturity.

　　C. just want to hurt their parents.

　　D. are expressing their discontentment.

　　3. Adolescents in Victorian times

　　A. had shown more respect for parents than today.

　　B. always answered back to deal with the problem.

　　C. admired the authoritarian attitude of their parents.

　　D. were too afraid to tell what they really thought.

　　4. What is the tone of the passage?

　　A. Critical.

　　B. Humorous.

　　C. Serious.

　　D. Ambiguous.

　　5. What does this passage mainly discuss?

　　A. Children will become more and more mature when growing up.

　　B. Parents have to change their ways in educating their children.

　　C. The conflicts between parents and their children are inevitable.

　　D. Parents have made mistakes in communication with children.

　　【文章概要】

　　本文讲述青少年成长过程中的一些变化，并分析家长应该如何看待并提出正确教育孩子的一些建议。首段以生活中的日常现象开篇，指出家长的反应对孩子及家长自身的影响;第2段说明了孩子对父母幻想破灭的本质及父母正确的做法;第3段指出父母应勇于承认错误;最后一段表明父母的权威不能解决问题，如果出现问题，孩子和家长都应采取面对现实的态度。

　　【答案解析】

　　1.细节判断题。根据题干中的arouse parentsdisappointment及各选项内容定位到第1段。第1段指出，家长听到孩子赞扬朋友的家就会感到不安，常常误以为孩子是在抱怨家里的饭菜、清洁等。据此分析，A为正确选项;C是父母自己的推测，并不是孩子本意，所以C可排除。文中指出，家长甚至责备孩子不忠，或是讲些孩子朋友父母的坏话，故D应予排除。B与父母顶嘴找不到原文依据。

　　2.细节判断题。根据题干中的feel disillusion定位到第2段。本题考查孩子对父母幻想破灭的本质。文中指出，如果父母确实了解孩子的这一看法，就会知道这意味着孩子此时正处在走向成熟的阶段因此B符合原文的意思。根据原文，孩子对家长幻想的破灭是孩子不断成熟的表现，A、D都是孩子对家长幻想破灭的表象，不是问题的实质， 应予以排除;父母了解孩子这一反应的实质之后就不会感到难过，可见孩子并不是故意伤害父母.因而C也应予以排除。

　　3.细节判断题。 根据题干中的Victorian times定位到末段。文中明确指出，维多利亚时代的父母之所以可以镇住孩子，倒不是因为孩子崇尚无理的权威，而是他们被这样的气势吓得不敢说实话。据此，D的表述与原文相符，为应选答案，同时排除B、C。维多利亚时代的孩子对于父母的尊敬还建立在屈服的基础之上，不能因此就判断他们比现在的孩子更多尊敬父母。据此分析，A也应排除。

　　4.文章基调题。本文主要叙述了孩子在青春发育过程中的变化及其实质，父母和孩子之间出现的常见问题和应对措施，并指出处理不当可能带来的危害和不良后果。鉴于本文论述严谨。观点明确，所以可以判断文章的基本论调是严肃的，因此C为应选答案。文章 虽然提到父母有错误和不足，但同时也提出了解决的建议和方法，因而本文也不是批判性质的，A也应予排除。

　　5.全文主旨题。本文讲述青少年成长过程中的一些变化，分析家长应该怎样正确予以看待并提出正确教育孩子的一些建议。由此可知，B为本题答案。孩子逐渐走向成熟以及他们与父母发生冲突都是本文的部分内容，不能代替全文的内容，因此A、C应排除;本文不仅提到D的内容，还提出了解决建议，因而D也是片面的，应予以排除。