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GMAT考试写作指导:Issue写作范文五一

发布时间:2016-03-02  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  51. We ordinarily think, as the speaker does here, that the presence of competition is

  always healthy for business because it sparks efficiency and innovation. While

  competition is generally good for business in these respects, the speaker here ignores the

  many problems that can accrue from attempting to keep up with or beat a competitor,

  and that may be decidedly detrimental to a business.

  Admittedly, competition among businesses can occasion all sorts of improved -

  practices. The need for competitive product pricing can motivate effective micro-

  management of production and marketing costs. Competition for market share can spark

  invention and innovation in product design that lead to the cutting edge of technology.

  External competition is known to inspire team spirit within an organization, thereby

  yielding greater productivity. And competition can challenge a company to streamline

  operations, thereby improving efficiency.

  But taken too far, attempting to keep up with or beat competitors brings about

  detrimental results for a company. In some cases, companies compromise product

  quality by switching to inferior, less expensive materials in order to keep prices

  competitive. Other times, plant managers ignore important employee-safety measures

  just to save money. And companies are even known to trade off consumer safety in the

  interest of competition. Perhaps the paradigmatic case involved the Ford Pinto, where

  Ford management rejected an inexpensive retrofit that would have saved hundreds of

  lives in rear-end collisions, solely in order to shave a few dollars off the cars sticker

  price, thereby enhancing the cars competitiveness.

  Competition can even bring about large-scale social change that some consider

  undesirable. For instance, the emergence of large, efficient factory farms has resulted in

  the virtual disappearance of family farming in the U.S. And it isnt clear that the factory

  farms always improve farming practices, in the case of the tomato, the old homegrown

  kind are far superior in taste and texture to the tough, underripe version that has been

  genetically engineered for machine picking in huge quantity.

  In conclusion, competition frequently motivates changes that are beneficial in

  many ways. But competition is a double-edged sword that can also result in-inferior or

  unsafe products and dangerous working conditions for employees. Moreover, large

  competitors can swallow up smaller concerns without yielding noticeably better

  products or practices.

  

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