编辑点评: GRE阅读中的长难句让多少考生望而却步?!的确,解决了词汇还不够,还得攻克句子的难关。本文就如何攻克GRE长难句给大家介绍了一些复习方法和解题技巧,内容很多,希望对同学们的考试有所帮助。
9. This preference for exogamy,Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage,which,though they differed from one tribal group to another,all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.
难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语
译文:古特曼表示,这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定,尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同,但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻的禁止。
解释:本句有两个插入语,第一个插入语Gutman suggests割裂了主句的主语和谓语。West African rules后跟着两个修饰成分,第一个是分词修饰, 第二个是以which引导的非限定性定语从句,从句中出现了第二个插入语though they differed from one tribal group to another,又割裂了从句引导词与谓语之间的联系。
意群训练:This preference for exogamy,Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage,which,though they differed from one tribal group to another,all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.
10. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States,but his definition of racial prejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition, can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.
难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语、抽象词
译文:该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时,相对而言尚能适用,但他对种族偏见所下的定义 即 以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见,而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族 可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。
解释:本句长度惊人,插入部分比较长,再加上不乏抽象词,所以较为难懂,在表示转折的后半个分钟中,长长的插入语as raciallybased negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of thnic competition作为主语his definition of racial prejudice的同位语,使分句中的主谓相隔千山万水。除此之外,本句用词抽象,语义难以理解,对读者的词汇功底要求较高。考试现场如无法读懂,宜用合理化原则中的取非读法,but之前的分句说的是其论点对美国黑人的种族歧视是较为管用,转折后的内容就应该说其理论对华人和犹太人相对无用。
意群训练:His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States,but his definition of racial prejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition, can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.
11. Such variations in size, shape,chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold,and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
难免类型:复杂修饰
译文:类似于这些已经被在神经细胞中证明的在大小、形状、化学过程、产生的速度、兴奋阈值及其类似的方面上所发生变化,当他们被用来与大脑的体验以可能的方式联系起来的时候,他们在重要性上仍然是微不足道的。
解释:即使是初练难免的人其实也很熟悉such thing as something这样的语言方式,可是当中间的小东西thing居然变成了一个长达十二个单词的大东西的时候,实在令人搞不清后面的as及其后的something 到底为哪方神圣。再加上以such as 为中心的长主语距离系动词remain太远,更增加了本句的难度。请读者反复阅读,直到读出这样的感觉:顺序阅读原文时,原文似乎就是几大块,就好像是such things as a remain negligible in a certain sense.
意群训练:Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been deomnstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifld dimensions of mental experience.
[动词的时态]一般过去时的用法
[分词]分词作定语
[动词的时态]一般现在时代替现在完成时
[动词的时态]现在进行时
[动词的时态]比较since和for
[句子的种类]句子的种类
[分词]连词+分词(短语)
[动词的时态]一般将来时
[句子的种类]强调句结构
[动词的时态]一般现在时代替一般过去时
[主谓一致]主谓一致中的靠近原则
[句子的种类]祈使句结构
[动词的语态]动词的语态
[动词的时态]一般现在时的用法
[动词的时态]一般现在时表将来
[主谓一致]并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
[动词的时态]过去进行时
[动词的时态]将来完成时
[分词] 分词作插入语
[动词的时态]现在进行时代替将来时
[倒装]以否定词开头作部分倒装
[主谓一致]与后接名词或代词保持一致
[动词的时态]时态与时间状语
[倒装]only在句首倒装的情况
[动词的时态] used to / be used to
[主谓一致]指代意义决定谓语的单复数
[动词的语态]need/want/require/worth
[动词的时态]be to和be going to
[句子的种类]感叹句结构
[句子的种类]反意疑问句
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