1. The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels,from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings, made it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently.
各种有意义的联系在所有的层次上,自抽象的理性至深刻的梦幻般的情感,层出不穷并不断重新组合排列;正是这些有意义的联系的丰富性和复杂性,致使普鲁斯特难于将它们错落有致地安排好。
难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语、抽象词
解释:请原谅笔者在此所做中文翻译的艰涩难懂,为了让读者能够更好地理解句子的结构,本书尽量把中文翻译与英文原文的语序相对应,而且尽可能的不用意译。为了达到这个目的,可以说绞尽脑汁,但本句之难懂也全非笔者之故,原文作者使用了大量的抽象词。本句仍然来自于上面说过的这篇关于普鲁斯特的文章。句中的主语是The very richness and complexity,其后的修饰成分长达三行,of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings,其中还夹杂着插入语,有效地分开了主语和谓语。其实本句虽然结构也比较复杂,但是不见得比前面的句子复杂得多,其真正的难点,还在于句子中大量的抽象词的使用。由于笔者在附录中所提到的原因,抽象词可以严重地占据大脑资源,因此带有大量的抽象词的结构复杂的句子就更为难懂,比如本句就是一个很好的例子,复杂修饰与抽象词狼狈为奸,句意另人难以理解。
意群训练:The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels,from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings, made it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently.
2、 It is possible to make specific complementary DNAs that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNAs of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones,the cells will contain these MrnaS. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them,then the cDNAs should still bind to these mRNAs,but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNAs for the true hormones.
科学家可以制造出特异的互补DNAs,以此作为分子探子,探觅出肽激素的信使RNAs。如果大脑正在制造着肽激素,则细胞就会含有这些信使RNAs.假若细胞所制造的产品类似于肽激素但并非与这些肽激素全然相同,那么,互补cDNAs应仍然和这些信使mDNAs粘结的程度。含有这些mRNAs的脑细胞然后就可以被分离开来,研究者可对其信使RNAs进行解码,以确定它们的蛋白质产品究竟是什么,并确定这些蛋白质产品在何种程度上类似于真正的肽激素。
难句类型:易混词
解释:与其他的难句不同的是,心上的英文不止一句。笔者之所以在本句中不设标志和翻译,是因为这三句话从结构和意思上来说并不难。然而很少有人能够真正的一次把这段话读清楚,原因在于两个容易混淆的单词cDNAs和mRNAs在文中交替出现,而且相互作用;再加上brain cell和hormones从中捣乱,更难读清楚原文的意思。原文的主要意思如下:可以用cDNAs来探测mRNAs。如果脑细胞产生了荷尔蒙,则其中必有mRNAs意味着可用cDNA探测荷尔蒙。如果脑细胞制造的不是真荷尔蒙,则可以用cDNAs与其中的mRNAs附着的情况来确定此荷尔蒙的真假。
意群训练:It is possible to make specific complementary DNAs that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNAs of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones,the cells will contain these MrnaS. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them,then the cDNAs should still bind to these mRNAs,but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNAs for the true hormones.
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