2017届高考英语一轮总复习精选测试题北师大版选修八Unit 23 B卷

　　北师大版选修八Unit 23 B卷

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　(2017·东北三校第一次联考)This is my third story. When I was 17, I read a quote that __1__something like, “If you live each day__2__it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right.” Since then, for the past thirty­three years, I've looked __3__the mirror every morning and asked myself：“If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today？” And whenever the answer has been “No” for too many days in a __4__， I know I need to change something.

　　About a year ago I was __5__with cancer. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should __6__ to live no longer than three to six months. They advised me to go home and get my __7__in order, which is doctors' code for “prepare to __8__”．Later that evening when the doctors __9__the cells taken from my pancreas (胰腺) under a microscope, they started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is __10__with surgery. I had the surgery and, __11__， I'm fine now.

　　This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades. Death is the __12__we all share. No one has __13__escaped it. And that is __14__it should be, because death is very likely the single __15__invention of life. It's life's change agent. It clears out the old to make __16__for the new. Your time is __17__， so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma (信条) — which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of __18__opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most importantly, have the courage to __19__your heart and intuition(直觉). They __20__already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.

　　语篇解读：岁月匆匆，人生短暂，人要为自己活着，而不是生活在别人的阴影下。九死一生的坎坷经历让作者刻骨铭心。

　　1．A.said

　　B．described

　　C．went

　　D．expressed

　　解析：作者在十七岁时读到一句引言，大概意思如下。此处的go表示“(故事、歌词等)内容是”。

　　答案：C

　　2．A.unless

　　B．as if

　　C．even if

　　D．as long as

　　解析：如果你将每一天都当做你生命中的最后一天来度过的话……as if表示“好像；仿佛”。

　　答案：B

　　3．A.in

　　B．at

　　C．through

　　D．on

　　解析：三十三年来，作者每天早上都审视镜子“中”的自己，并自我发问。作者的焦点不是镜子，而是镜子中的自己，所以B项不恰当。

　　答案：A

　　4．A.row

　　B．minute

　　C．sense

　　D．word

　　解析：每当一连多天答案都是否定时，作者知道自己需要做出改变了。in a row表示“连续”。in a sense表示“从某种意义上说”，不符合语境。

　　答案：A

　　5．A.connected

　　B．infected

　　C．affected

　　D．diagnosed

　　解析：大约一年前，作者被“诊断”出患有癌症。diagnose“诊断(疾病)”。

　　答案：D

　　6．A.want B．dream

　　C．expect

　　D．imagine

　　解析：上文提到医生告诉作者这几乎肯定是一种不可治愈的癌症，所以作者对自己生命期限的“期望”应该是不多于三至六个月。

　　答案：C

　　7．A.duties

　　B．businesses

　　C．affairs

　　D．life

　　解析：医生们建议作者回家把自己的“事情”料理好。B项表示“商店，公司”，在文章中没有信息支持。

　　答案：C

　　8．A.work

　　B．start

　　C．talk

　　D．die

　　解析：医生建议让作者回家隐含的意思是准备“死亡”。

　　答案：D

　　9．A.looked

　　B．viewed

　　C．realized

　　D．noticed

　　解析：那天晚上稍晚的时候，当他们在显微镜下“观察”从作者的胰腺中取出的细胞时，他们大叫了起来。view“观看，(尤指)仔细察看”。

　　答案：B

　　10．A.curable

　　B．possible

　　C．acceptable

　　D．suitable

　　解析：他们得出的结果是这是一种罕见的胰腺癌，通过外科手术“可以治愈”。答案：A

　　11．A.carefully

　　B．thankfully

　　C．anxiously D．hopefully

　　解析：医生本来断定作者必死无疑，结果发现他患的是可以治疗的癌症，作者经过手术后痊愈了，自然非常“感激”。

　　答案：B

　　12．A.possession

　　B．destination

　　C．expectation

　　D．position

　　解析：死亡是我们共有的“终点”，任何人无法避免。

　　答案：B

　　13．A.ever

　　B．even

　　C．never

　　D．still

　　解析：每个人最终都要死亡，没有一个人“曾经”逃脱过。

　　答案：A

　　14．A.when

　　B．while

　　C．as

　　D．since

　　解析：死亡是芸芸众生的最终归宿，这正是应该有的结局，此处as表示“正如”。

　　答案：C

　　15．A.better

　　B．worst

　　C．worse

　　D．best

　　解析：下文提到死亡是生命的变革促进者，属于正常的新老更替，由此可知死亡很可能是生命中“最好的”发明。

　　答案：D

　　16．A.use

　　B．a difference

　　C．sense

　　D．way

　　解析：死亡消除了陈旧的东西，为新生事物让路。make way for表示“为……让路”。

　　答案：D

　　17．A.endless

　　B．repeated

　　C．countless

　　D．limited

　　解析：本句后半句提到不要浪费时间过别人的生活，由此可知你的时间是“有限的”。

　　答案：D

　　18．A.others'

　　B．others

　　C．anyone's

　　D．some others

　　解析：不要让“别人的”观点淹没你内心的声音。

　　答案：A

　　19．A.listen

　　B．follow

　　C．take D．accept

　　解析：最重要的是，要有勇气“跟随”你的内心和直觉。

　　答案：B

　　20．A.however

　　B．whatever

　　C．somehow

　　D．somewhat

　　解析：要相信自己的内心和直觉，它们“不知怎么地”已经知道了你真正想成为什么样的人。其他的一切都是次要的。D项表示“有点儿，有几分”，不符合语境。

　　答案：C

　　.阅读理解

　　(2017·辽宁六校模拟)Environmentalists said our planet was doomed to die. Now one man says they are wrong.

　　“Everyone knows the planet is in bad shape，”thundered a magazine article last year. Species (物种) are being driven to die out at record rates, and the rivers are so poisonous that fish are floating on the surface, dead.

　　But there's a growing belief that what everyone takes for granted is wrong: things are actually getting better.A new book is about to overturn our most basic assumptions about the world's environment.Rivers, seas, rain and the atmosphere are all getting cleaner.The total amount of forests in the world is not declining. The Skeptical Environmentalist by Bjorn Lomborg, professor of statistics at the University of Aarhus in Denmark, is an attack on the misleading claims of environmental groups, and the “bad news” culture that makes people believe everything is getting worse.

　　Now the attacks are increasingly coming from left­wing environmentalists such as Lomborg, a former member of Greenpeace. The accusation is that, although the environment is improving, green groups — with profits of hundreds of millions of pounds a year — are using scare tactics (谋略) to gain donations.Lomborg's book doesn't deny global warming — probably the biggest environmental threat — but destroys almost every other environmental claim with many official statistics.

　　The Worldwatch Institute claims that “deforestation has been accelerating over the last 30 years”．But Lomborg says that is simply rubbish. Since the dawn of agriculture the world has lost about 20 per cent of its forest cover, but in recent decades the forest area's depleting has come to a stop. According to UN figures, the area of forests has remained almost steady, at about 30 per cent of total land area, since the 1940s. Forests in countries such as the US, the UK and Canada have actually been expanding over the past 40 years. Despite all the warnings the Amazon rainforest has only shrunk (缩小) by about 15 per cent.

　　Nor are all our species dying out.

　　Some campaigners claim that 50 per cent of all species will have died out within 50 years. But other studies show only 0.08 per cent of species are dying out each year. Conservation efforts have been successful. Whales are no longer threatened and the bald eagle is off the endangered list.

　　Environmental groups claim that many of the improvements are the results of the success of their campaigns.

　　Stephen Tindale, director of Greenpeace UK, said, “There are important examples, such as acid rain and ozone, where things aren't as bad as predicted, and that's because behavior has changed.”

　　语篇解读：“环境一直在变坏，我们的星球末日将要来临”，这是环保主义者们发出的警告，然而Lomborg的新书却提出了完全相反的观点，他批驳了环保主义者们耸人听闻的言论。

　　1．In his book，The Skeptical Environmentalist，what is Lomborg's main argument?

　　A．Our planet is in bad shape.

　　B．The world's environment is improving.

　　C．The total amount of forests in the world is not declining.

　　D．Conservation efforts have been successful.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段与第三段可知Lomborg在The Skeptical Environmentalist中的观点(argument)是环境状况正在改善，因此选项B正确，C项只是他观点的一部分，不全面，故排除。

　　答案：B

　　2．What is Lomborg's main accusation of environmentalists?

　　A．They scared people into making donations.

　　B．They overturned our basic assumptions about the world's environment.

　　C．They changed their behavior toward the environment.

　　D．They only told people bad news about the environment.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的第二句话可知Lomborg指责环保主义者们利用恐吓手段让人们捐款。

　　答案：A

　　3．The underlined word “depleting” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”．

　　A．reducing

　　B．limiting

　　C．expanding

　　D．accelerating

　　解析：词义猜测题。第五段Lomborg通过一些数据反驳了The Worldwatch Institute的观点“deforestation has been acceleration over the last 30 years”，Lomborg认为在最近几十年森林面积的缩小已经停止，因此选择reducing。

　　答案：A

　　4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

　　A．The total area of forests in the world has increased significantly.

　　B．The effects of global warming are not as bad as first expected.

　　C．It appears that the bald eagle will now survive.

　　D．In the last 50 years the number of whales has increased.

　　解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Whales are no longer threatened and the bald eagle is off the endangered list”可知秃鹰已经不属于濒危的物种了，由此可知C项正确。

　　答案：C

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2017·曲阜师大附中质检)假如你是中学生李华，你的美国朋友Jack在上次给你的电子邮件中抱怨自己最近眼睛近视了。请你给他用英语回一封电子邮件，内容如下：

　　1．介绍一下你们班同学的情况；

　　2．分析一下造成你们班这种情况的原因；

　　3．帮Jack出点儿保持眼睛健康的主意。

　　注意：

　　1．词数：1左右，邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。

　　2．参考词汇：近视：shortsighted adj.

　　shortsightedness n.

　　Dear Jack，

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua

　　参考范文：

　　Dear Jack，

　　I'm sorry to hear that you are suffering from shortsightedness too.

　　To be frank, almost eight students out of ten in my class have to wear glasses in order to live a normal school life, including me. As far as I'm concerned, many factors contribute to this phenomenon. First, we Chinese students live under a great burden, a burden of examinations. You know, we have to fight our way in life with millions of peers. Second, most of us with shortsightedness don't have a good habit of using our eyes, either due to lack of knowledge or carelessness.In this case, I strongly recommend that you should not use your computer for that long a time any more and that you should change your habit of reading in bed. Hopefully, your shortsightedness could be corrected by wearing proper glasses.All in all, don't worry！It's no big deal.

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua