乐加乐英语:小升初英语语法大全:older elder与farther further,供大家参考学习~
old的比较级/最高级有两个:older/oldest和elder/eldest,far的比较级/最高级也有两个:farther/farthest和further/furthest。那么两个形式间有什么区别呢?今天我们就来分析一下!(因为最高级的情况与比较级相同,我们就拿比较级来做例子)
首先来看一道选择题,你能正确区分older和elder,farther和further的用法吗?
- Who is____, Jim or Jack?
- Jim. By the way, I heard that Jims father wants to send him to the US for ____ education.
A.older, farther B.older, further
C.elder, farther D.elder, further
此题应选B,主要考察older/elder 和farther/further 的区别。
1. older 与 elder:
1)用于家人之间表示长幼关系,通常用elder(在美国英语中也用older)。例:
ones elder[older] brother 哥哥 the elder[older] daughter 大女儿
2)elder有时用作转义,指职位、身份较高的人。例:
You are all elder statesmen. 你们都是政治元老/资深政客。
3)older专指年龄的大小而言,既可用于一个家庭成员之间,又可用于非同一家庭成员之间。例:
My elder brother is twelve years older than I. 我的哥哥比我大十二岁。
Mr.Chen is older than me. 陈先生比我年长。
4)older只能用作形容词,elder 既可作形容词,又可作名词。例:
Tom, you should be humble enough. They are all our elders. 汤姆,你要谦虚些,他们都是我们的长辈。
5)最后记住,older常与than连用,但是elder决不能和than连用。
正:He is older than me.
误:He is elder than me.
2. farther 与further:
1)两者均可用来指实际的距离,既空间上的距离。例:
We cannot go any farther/further without a rest. 不休息一下的话就走不动了。
The service desk is at the farther/further end of the hall. 咨询处在大厅稍往里的地方。
2)further还可用于比喻意义上的距离或深度,如时间、程度和数量等,表示更多,更进一步,是additional的另一种说法。例:
We intend to stay for a further two months. 我们打算再停留两个月。
The problem will be further discussed at the class meeting. 这个问题在班会上还将进一步讨论。
I may be able to give you some further information about it. 关于这个问题,我还可以给你一些信息。
(注:其实以前这两个词并没有区别,就连韦氏词典上也说它们是可以互相替换的。但是后来一些语法学家将它们的用法区分开来,至于有多少人恪守着这一规定就不得而知了所以说大家在考试时需要记住这些,但是到了其他随意场合那就看自己的喜好吧)
编辑推荐:
小升初英语语法汇总
2013暑秋乐加乐英语小学六年级招生简章
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