本课您将学到:in place(合适的),fail to do sth.(没能做到)句型,语法知识:分词型态的形容词
鲨鱼的名字起的不好,容易让人联想到杀鱼,于是,大量的无辜鲨鱼被当作嫌疑犯处以了极刑。今天,当这一物种以濒临灭绝时,我们才恍然大悟
Many people believe sharks are dangerous and will always try to hurt or even kill humans. In fact, 94 per cent of the worlds 400 species(物种) are harmless(无害的) to humans.
Most people fail to realize(了解、认识) that shark attacks dont happen very often. Humans are more likely to be killed by lightning(闪电) than by a shark.
A shocking(令人震惊的) 100 million sharks are killed every year around the world by humans.
It is a worrying(让人忧虑的) situation and some areas have put measures(措施、手段) in place to protect these special fish.
「读书笔记」
很多人认为,(Many people believe)鲨鱼是种危险的动物,(sharks are dangerous)经常会伤害甚至杀死人类。(will always try to hurt or even kill humans)而事实上,地球上现有的400种鲨鱼中(the worlds 400 species)94%(94 per cent)对人类都是无害的。(harmless)
大多数人都不了解,(Most people fail to realize)鲨鱼其实很少攻击人类。(that shark attacks dont happen very often)相比之下,人类被闪电击中的机率都要大得多。(Humans are more likely to be killed by lightning than by a shark)
每年全球有1亿只鲨鱼被人类捕杀,(100 million sharks are killed every year around the world by humans)这个数字令人震惊。(shocking)
面对这种令人忧虑的状况,(It is a worrying situation)一些地区已经采取措施(some areas have put measures in place)保护这些特殊种群。(to protect these special fish)
In place有两个意思,这里指适当的,比如:
Im afraid your proposal is not quite in place.
恐怕你的提案不太妥当。
因为place本身是地点、地方的意思,所以in place的本意其实是指在适当的地方,比如:
She likes to have everything in place.
她喜欢每件东西都各就各位。
「句型留言板」
fail是动词,通常我们都把它理解为失败,其实理解为没能做到更好一些,比如:
Peace talks between the two countries have failed.
翻译成 两国间没能达成和平协议就比较容易理解。
我们今天要学的句型是fail to do sth,意思是没能够做某事。
所谓谋事在人、成事在天,许多事情尽力了,却不一定能有让人满意的结果,比如下面这位医生就是这样:
The doctor failed to save the girls life.
医生没能挽救那个女孩的生命。
有时候,事情虽然做完了,但没有达到自己期望的目标或既定的要求,也可以说fail to do it,比如下面这个人就对一份实验预算报告不太满意,他说:
The report fails to mention the real cost of this experiment.
这份报告没有提到这次实验所需的真正花销。
「语法小教室」
今天的语法教室,我们来看看分词型态 (以 -ing 和 -ed 做字尾的动词型态) 的形容词。
大家一定都见过这样的句子:
At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears.
看到这么动人的情景,所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。
这里,moving和moved就是分词型态形容词,虽然它们的意思差不多,但是不能互换使用。这是为什么呢?接下来,我们就来讲讲它们的区别。
过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受,且主语多为人;而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征,主语多为表示事物的词。如:
Hearing the news, we felt very surprised.
听到那个消息,我们感到很惊讶。
The news is very surprising.
这个消息很令人惊讶。
英语中这样的分词还有很多,如:exciting, excited; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; worrying, worried;等。
过去分词作定语和-ing分词作定语也有一定的区别。试比较下面几组短语:
boiled water开水 boiling water正沸腾的水
developed countries发展的国家 developing countries发展中国家
fallen leaves落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子
changed condition改变了的情况 changing condition变化着的情况
看出来了吗?过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作;而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。
今天的节目就到这里,我们讲了in place的含义,句型fail to do sth.意思是没能做到某事,语法知识部分,我们介绍了分词型态的形容词的区别和用法。这节的内容比较多,如果看一次记不住没关系,以后的节目中,大妮子会在遇到这些知识的时候适当重复、提醒。我们下次再见!
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